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The Determinants of Polish Society’s Participation in Sport and the Directions of Change

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Dziubiński Z.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

2014

vol. 61

issue 1

74-83

Sport plays an important role in modern societies, including those in Europe. However, individual countries differ in terms of their citizens’ participation in universally accessible sport. In some societies, the percentage of people who pursue different sports is high, while in other countries it is insignificant. What are the reasons behind such differences? What variables are crucial to accounting for these differences? How has Polish society changed in this regard? Theoretical and empirical analyses show that people in Poland are becoming increasingly active when it comes to sport. In terms of taking part in sport, Polish society is starting to catch up with other European societies. The decisive role in the process is played by: a) social factors (education and affluence), b) the ideals and values that dominate the local culture (physical appearance, kinetic pleasures, and positive emotions), and c) the efficiency and adequacy of the physical education system in schools (innovation, the use of cyberspace, and efforts aimed at addressing social needs). If these three areas of socialization - society, culture and physical education in schools - reach a high level of convergence and if fewer variables hinder the process than at present, people in Poland will become as physically active as other societies in the West.

Self-esteem analyses in people who are deaf or hard of hearing: a comparison between active and inactive individuals

100%

Nemček D.

Physical Activity Review

2017

vol. 5

95-104

The aim of the study was to analyse the status of SE in people who are deaf or hard of hearing (D/HH) and compare SE scores between active and inactive individuals. The sample of people who are D/HH (n=117) was divided into two groups of those who are regularly participating in sport (active ; n=27) and those who are not participating in any sport in their leisure (inactive ; n=90) . The Rosenberg Self - Esteem Scale (RSES) was used as a primary research method. 10 - item scale measures global self - worth by me asuring positive and negative feelings about the self. Higher scores (from 10 to 40 points) indicate higher SE. The Pearson chi - square test was used to determine the differences of 10 RSES items and total scores between active and inactive people who are D /HH. We found that t he mean score of RSES in the group of people who are D/HH was 28.83 points; active people who are D/HH observed total score of RSES 30.18 points and group of inactive people who are D/HH showed the lowest SE by achieving 28.89 points. M ean scores comparison of each RSES item between active and inactive people who are D/HH revealed higher SE in the group of active people with hearing loss. Significantly higher SE of active people who are D/HH was presented only by 1 from 10 RSES items . Th e results of our study confirmed that actively living people with hearing loss have higher SE comparing those who are living sedentary life style.

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The Determinants of Polish Society’s Participation in Sport and the Directions of Change

Self-esteem analyses in people who are deaf or hard of hearing: a comparison between active and inactive individuals