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A brief dive into the phenomenon of cisplatin resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer

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Sobczak M.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Biologica et Oecologica
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2021
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vol. 17
37-41
EN
Lung cancer is one of the most lethal types of cancer due to a lack of proper treatment. The rare presence of molecular therapy targets forces the use of platinum-based drugs. Cisplatin, approved by the USA as an anticancer therapy in the 1970s, is still one of the most prominent therapies against lung cancer. Unfortunately, the biggest limitation of cisplatin-based therapy is the development of cisplatin resistance. Cancer cells overcome the vast DNA damage caused by the drug in a variety of ways such as detoxication and extracellular transport of the drug, enhanced repair mechanisms, omitting apoptosis and epigenetic alterations. Chemotherapy resistance is an issue that so far cannot be dealt with. Nevertheless, better understanding of the molecular pathways behind cisplatin resistance brings hope for better therapy outcomes in lung cancer patients.
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Clinical and prognostic value of hTERT mRNA expression in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer

88%
Zalewska-Ziob M., Dobija-Kubica K., Biernacki K., Adamek B., Kasperczyk J., Bruliński K., Ostrowska Z.
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2017
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vol. 64
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issue 4
641-646
EN
Telomerase, undetectable in normal somatic cells, plays a critical role in carcinogenesis of the majority of human tumors including lung carcinoma. The aim of our study was to determine human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in order to estimate its usefulness as diagnostic and/or prognostic factor. hTERT expression was analyzed in a group of 12 females and 28 males with NSCLC using Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (QRT-PCR method) in cancerous and non-cancerous lung tissues. Results were analyzed according to clinical data and one-, two-, and five-year survival rates. hTERT expression in the cancerous tissue was significantly higher than in the lung parenchyma free from neoplasm infiltration (p<0.05). There was no significant association between hTERT expression in the tumor tissue and age, gender, grading or clinical stage. A significant difference in hTERT expression between two types of histopathological patterns (adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) was detected (p=0.01). No association between hTERT expression in NSCLC specimens and survival rates was found. hTERT mRNA detection by QRT-PCR in tumor and corresponding cancer-free tissues can be used as a diagnostic marker in patients with NSCLC, but seems not to be a prognostic factor.
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