Full-text resources of PSJD and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl
Preferences help
enabled [disable] Abstract
Number of results

Results found: 3

Number of results on page
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  monoclonal antibody
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
EN
Imaging and quantification of MAbs distribution by MRI after administration in vivo can improve patient outcomes, although it is not routinely used in the clinic hence the motivation for development of new MAbs imaging methodologies. Improvements in imaging and quantification of antibody distributions can be made by conjugating MAbs to “hotspot” atoms such as 19F as 19F Currently, research investigating the incorporation of 19F to antibody delivery systems has been limited to trastuzumab perfluorocarbon emulsions and this method has not been extended to other clinically approved antibodies. The methodologies of 19F MRI can improve current limitations of antibody immunotherapy such as quantitative visualization of targeted surface antigens expressed on tumor cells.
EN
Hemagglutinin (HA), as a major surface antigen of influenza virus, is widely used as a target for production of neutralizing antibodies. Monoclonal antibody, mAb6-9-1, directed against HA of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus A/swan/Poland/305-135V08/2006(H5N1) was purified from mouse hybridoma cells culture and characterized. The antigenic specificity of mAb6-9-1 was verified by testing its cross-reactivity with several variants of HA. The mimotopes recognized by mAb6-9-1 were selected from two types of phage display peptide libraries. The comparative structural model of the HA variant used for antibody generation was developed to further facilitate epitope mapping. Based on the sequences of the affinity- selected polypeptides and the structural model of HA the epitope was located to the region near the receptor binding site (RBS). Such localization of the epitope recognized by mAb6-9-1 is in concordance with its moderate hemagglutination inhibiting activity and its antigenic specificity. Additionally, total RNA isolated from the hybridoma cell line secreting mAb6-9-1 was used for obtaining two variants of cDNA encoding recombinant single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody. To ensure high production level and solubility in bacterial expression system, the scFv fragments were produced as chimeric proteins in fusion with thioredoxin or displayed on a phage surface after cloning into the phagemid vector. Specificity and affinity of the recombinant soluble and phage-bound scFv were assayed by suitable variants of ELISA test. The observed differences in specificity were discussed.
EN
Recent studies indicate that relapsing-remitting subtype is the most common form of multiple sclerosis in Poland and that monoclonal antibodies appear to be an important option for patients not responding to first-line therapy with interferon beta or glatiramer acetate. The aim of such an immunomodulating therapy is to arrest progression of disease at its early phase, when inflammation predominates over neurodegeneration, i.e. at the time when chances for a therapeutic success are maximal, at least in theory. Currently available monoclonal antibodies, e.g. natalizumab, daclizumab, alemtuzumab and rituximab which inhibit immune cells, significantly reduce the size and number of lesions visualized by magnetic resonance imaging. Furthermore, by decreasing severity and frequency of relapses, they have a favourable effect on the patients’ clinical condition. The only exception is ustekinumab, which proved ineffective in this setting.Decision to start second-line drugs – in SM this means monoclonal antibodies – should be based on the patient’s general condition and coexisting diseases. In Poland only one antibody – natalizumab (Tysabri) has been registered in this indication, while the others are currently at the phase of clinical trials. Recently published data indicate that sometimes their use (natalizumab, rituximab) may have serious adverse effects, particularly development of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Use of alemtuzumab is associated with a high risk of autoimmune disorders, mainly of the thyroid. The aim of this article is a review of currently published clinical trials concerning the effectiveness of monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of relapsing-remitting subtype of multiple sclerosis, with a special emphasis on their adverse effects.
PL
W świetle badań ostatnich lat postać remitująco-rzutowa jest najczęściej rozpoznawaną odmianą stwardnienia rozsianego w Polsce, a przeciwciała monoklonalne są istotną alternatywą dla tych pacjentów, u których nieskuteczna okazuje się terapia pierwszego rzutu interferonem beta lub octanem glatirameru. Celem takiego leczenia immunomodulacyjnego jest ograniczenie postępu choroby na jej wczesnym etapie, w którym dominuje głównie komponenta zapalna nad zmianami neurodegeneracyjnymi, a więc w momencie, gdy prawdopodobieństwo osiągnięcia efektu terapeutycznego jest największe, przynajmniej teoretycznie. Obecnie przeciwciała monoklonalne, takie jak natalizumab, daklizumab, alemtuzumab i rituksymab, osłabiając na odpowiednim etapie aktywność komórek układu odpornościowego, skutecznie zmniejszają wielkość lub liczbę zmian w obrazie rezonansu magnetycznego mózgu. Ponadto ograniczając nawroty choroby, mają pozytywny wpływ na stan kliniczny pacjentów. Jedynym odstępstwem od tej reguły okazuje się ustekinumab, który nie wykazuje efektywności w terapii. Decyzje o włączeniu leków drugiego rzutu, jakimi są przeciwciała monoklonalne w stwardnieniu rozsianym, powinno się podejmować w oparciu o stan ogólny pacjenta i jego choroby towarzyszące. W Polsce jest zarejestrowany tylko jeden z wyżej wymienionych terapeutyków – natalizumab (Tysabri), pozostałe znajdują się w fazie badań klinicznych. Z ostatnich danych wynika, że niekiedy terapia tymi lekami (natalizumab, rytuksymab) pociąga za sobą groźne w skutkach działania niepożądane, zwłaszcza możliwość pojawienia się postępującej wieloogniskowej leukoencefalopatii mózgu. W przypadku stosowania alemtuzumabu istnieje z kolei duża skłonność do wywoływania zaburzeń autoimmunologicznych, głównie tarczycy. Celem niniejszej pracy jest podsumowanie aktualnych danych z badań klinicznych nad skutecznością przeciwciał monoklonalnych w leczeniu postaci remitująco-rzutowej stwardnienia rozsianego, z jednoczesnym uwzględnieniem działań niepożądanych.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.