Search results

1

Activated carbons for the removal of heavy metal ions: A systematic review of recent literature focused on lead and arsenic ions

100%

Deliyanni E. A., Kyzas G. Z., Triantafyllidis K. S., Matis K. A.

Open Chemistry

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2015

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vol. 13

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issue 1

EN

This work is a systematic review of the literature over the past decade of the application of activated carbon (microporous or mesoporous) as adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals, focusing especially on lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) ions from the aqueous phase. Classical examples from our lab are also given. Activated carbon is known to provide a high surface area for adsorption. Generally, surface modification is typically required, such as oxidation, treatment with ammonia or even impregnation with ferric ion, etc. and the adsorbent material may originate from various sources. The pristine materials, after modification and those after batch-wise adsorption, were characterized by available techniques (BET analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermal analyses, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). Adsorption isotherms, thermodynamics and kinetics of the process are also discussed. Selected studies from the literature are examined in comparison with other adsorbents. The role of chemistry in the metals adsorption/removal was investigated.

2

Biosorption lead(II) and nikel(II) from an aqueous solution by bacterial biomass

88%

Wierzba S., Latała A.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2010

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vol. 12

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issue 3

72-78

EN

The optimum conditions for biosorption of Pb(II) and Ni(II) from aqueous solution were investigated, by using living and nonliving Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus pumilus isolated from wastewater treatment plant. It was found that the optimum pH for Pb(II) removal by living and nonliving cells was 6.0, while 7.0 for Ni(II) removal. At the optimal conditions, metal ion biosorption was increased as the initial metal concentration increased. The binding capacity by living cells is significantly higher than that of nonliving cells at tested conditions. The maximum biosorption capacities for lead and nickel by using Ps. fluo-rescens and B. pumilus were 77.6, 91.4 and 65.1, 73.9 mg/g, respectively. The results of bio-sorption time and desorption experiments suggested that Pb(II) and Ni(II) uptake by the living bacterial biomass might be enhanced by intracellular accumulation.

3

Modification of Polyacrylamide–β–Zeolite Composite by Phytic Acid for the Removal of Lead from Aqueous Solutions

88%

Faghihian H., Farsani S. N.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2013

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vol. 15

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issue 1

1-6

EN

Polyacrylamide-zeolite composite was prepared by direct polymerization of polyacrylamide in suspensions of β-zeolite. Phytic acid was then immobilized on the composite surface. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Thermal gravimetry (TG) techniques were employed to characterize the synthesized adsorbent. The adsorptive features of the composite and the modified composite were investigated for the removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solution in view of dependency on pH, time, ion concentration, temperature, selectivity, kinetics and reusability. The adsorption isotherms were evaluated with reference to the Langmuir and Freundlich models. Thermodynamic of the system was calculated. ΔG<0 indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous. Good compatibility of the adsorption kinetics to the pseudo-second-order model predicted that the rate-controlling step was a chemical sorption. The selectivity experiments showed that the adsorbents were selective toward Pb2+ in the presence of Zn2+ and Cd2+. The reusability of the adsorbent was tested for four regeneration cycles.

4

On the determination of lead in wine by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

88%

Karadjova I., Cvetković J., Stafilov T., Arpadjan S.

Open Chemistry

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2007

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vol. 5

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issue 3

739-747

EN

The parameters of analytical procedures developed for direct ETAAS determination of Pb in wine are discussed. Atomic absorption spectrometers based on transversal and longitudinal Zeeman effect, wall and integrated platform atomization with two main approaches: (i) measurements in the presence of modifier and (ii) measurements without using any modifier are compared. The optimal temperature programs are defined according to the pre-treatment and atomization curves constructed in the presence of different types of wines. For all investigated instrumental systems, 1:1 dilution of wine sample with 0.2 mol L−1 HNO3 is recommended. Matrix interferences observed, call for standard addition calibration method for Pb quantification in wines. The detection limit (3σ) achieved for wine diluted in the ratio of 1:1 varied from 0.8 to 1.9 μg L−1 depending on the instrument used. The relative standard deviation for the concentration range of 10 to 80 μg L−1 Pb in wine is typically between 4–8%. The accuracy of the analytical procedures recommended was confirmed by comparing the results obtained with those found for wine samples previously digested with HNO3-H2O2 mixture, by added/found method and by parallel analysis using different instruments. A total of 66 wine samples from different regions of Macedonia were analyzed. [...]

5

Activation of phenylpropanoid pathway in legume plants exposed to heavy metals. Part II. Profiling of isoflavonoids and their glycoconjugates induced in roots of lupine (lupinus luteus) seedlings treated with cadmium and lead

88%

Pawlak-Sprada S., Stobiecki M., Deckert J.

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2011

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vol. 58

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issue 2

217-223

EN

We examined changes in profiles of isoflavonoids in roots of lupine (Lupinus luteus L. cv. Juno) seedlings in response to treatment with two heavy metals: cadmium (at 10 mg/l) and lead (at 150 mg/l). Overall, 21 flavonoid conjugates were identified in root extracts, some of them with up to six positional isomers. The total amount of all isoflavonoids increased by about 15 % in cadmium-treated plants and by 46 % in lead-treated ones. Heavy metals markedly increased the content of two compounds: 2'-hydroxygenistein glucoside and 2'-hydroxygenistein 7-O-glucoside malonylated. Possible functions of the identified isoflavonoids in yellow lupine exposed to heavy metal stress are discussed.

6

Characterization and sorption properties of Aspergillus niger waste biomass

88%

Ŝpanêlová M., Machoviĉ V., Březina M.

Open Chemistry

|

2003

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vol. 1

|

issue 3

192-200

EN

The structure and the biosorption properties of fungal biomass of Aspergillus niger originated from citric acid fermentation industry was investigated. This waste biomass, produced in high quantity in carefully controlled industrial processes, has certain favourable characteristics that may be improved for its usefulness. In environmental chemistry, it is known for the removal of heavy metals cations. In this work, different alkaline treatments (1M NaOH/20°C/24 h and 10M NaOH/107°C/6 h) were used to evaluate the dependence of sorption properties of biomass on the cell wall composition. The biosorption was studied by the batch method, with the biomass concentration of 1 g/l, at pH 6. The adsorption of lead was more effective than that of cadmium. The biosorption capacity was evaluated using the biosorption isotherm derived from the equilibrium data. At pH 6, the maximmum lead biosorption capacity estimated with the Langmuir model was 93 mg/g dry biomass.

7

„Growing Up” and the Environment

88%

Malina R. M., Little B. B.

Medycyna Środowiskowa - Environmental Medicine

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2012

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vol. 15

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issue 2

7-20

EN

Many factors in the natural, man-made and social environments can influence the physical growth and maturation and behavioral development of children and adolescents. Improved environmental conditions over the past century or so have contributed to positive secular changes in growth and maturation. More recently, however, technological advances have increased opportunities for sedentary behaviors and contributed to reductions in physical activity, both of which have potentially negative implications for the health of youth. Pollutants associa-ted with some industries also have implications for health. Children with elevated lead levels are at increased risk for impaired growth and maturation and for impairments in fine motor coordination. The impact of elevated lead on gross motor coordination in several tests of physical fitness is mediated through the influence of lead on growth in body size. Similarly, emissions from coal-fired power plants and other industries are associated with asthma, which has implications for the physical activity and fitness of youth.

PL

Wiele czynników środowiskowych naturalnych, wytworzonych przez człowieka oraz społecznych może wpływać na na rozwój fizyczny, dojrzewanie i rozwój behawioralny, tj. zachowania się dzieci i młodzieży. Polepszenie warunków środowiskowych w ostatnim stuleciu przyczyniło się do pozytywnych sekularnych zmian we wzroście i dojrzewaniu. Ostatnio jednak postęp technologiczny wzmógł łatwość zachowań sedentarnych i przyczynił się do zmniejszenia aktywności fizycznej, co potencjalnie niesie negatywne skutki dla zdrowia młodzieży. Zanieczyszczenia przemysłowe mają również wpływ na zdrowie. Dzieci z podwyższonym poziomem ołowiu w krwi mają podwyższone ryzyko zaburzenia wzrostu i dojrzewania, a także uszkodzenia koordynacji motorycznej. Wpływ podwyższonego poziomu ołowiu we krwi na powstawanie zaburzeń motorycznych jest badany za pomocą wielu testów sprawności fizycznej, jest wyrażony przez wpływ ołowiu na wzrost i wielkość ciała. Podobnie emisje zanieczyszczeń z elektrowni węglowych i innych zakładów przemysłowych są związane z astmą, co ma również wpływ na aktywność fizyczną i sprawność młodzieży.

8

Concentration levels of cadmium and lead in the raw and processed meat of Helix pomatia snails

75%

Ziomek M., Drozd Ł., Chałabis-Mazurek A., Szkucik K., Paszkiewicz W., Valverde Piedra J. L., Bełkot Z., Maćkowiak-Dryka M., Gondek M., Knysz P.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2018

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vol. 21

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issue 3

9

The influence of heavy metals on cataracts

75%

Rektor K., Kamiński P., Lorek M., Malukiewicz G., Bogdzińska M., Brodzka S.

World News of Natural Sciences

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2020

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vol. 33

26-37

EN

Currently, much attention is paid to the search for the etiology of many eye diseases. It has been shown that environmental pollution with heavy metals (cadmium, lead, mercury) is of significant importance. One of these diseases is cataract, i.e. clouding of the lens of the eye. It turns out that heavy metals are deposited in the tissues of the eyes, damaging them and accelerating the disease. This work is aimed at presenting the problem of the influence of heavy metals on cataracts. The study compares the concentration of heavy metals between the control group (81 healthy volunteers) and the group of cataract patients (72 sick). Plasma was used in the research and the ICP-MS method was used.

10

ICP slurry introduction for simple and rapid determination of Pb, Mg and Ca in plant roots

75%

Barałkiewicz D., Kanecka-Hanc A., Gramowska H.

Open Chemistry

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2007

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vol. 5

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issue 4

1148-1157

EN

Pb, Mg and Ca were simultaneously determined in plant roots by slurry introduction into inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (SS-ICP-OES). Slurries were prepared in 0.5% or 5% (v/v) HNO3 with 0.5, or 5% (v/v) Triton X-100. Omission of the Triton X-100 improved results. Compared with wet ashing of the root sample followed by ICP-OES, ICP-MS and FAAS, the method offers: comparable results, simplification of sample preparation, less sample contamination, and reduction in the use of dangerous and corrosive reagents. The precisions varied: 1.7% for Mg, 2.8% for Ca and 4.3% for Pb, and were not significantly different (95% confidence level) from those of conventional analysis. [...]

11

Activation of phenylpropanoid pathway in legume plants exposed to heavy metals. Part I. Effects of cadmium and lead on phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene expression, enzyme activity and lignin content

75%

Pawlak-Sprada S., Arasimowicz-Jelonek M., Podgórska M., Deckert J.

|

2011

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vol. 58

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issue 2

211-216

EN

Species-specific changes in expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and lignin content were detected in roots of soybean (Glycine max L.) and lupine (Lupinus luteus L.) seedlings treated with different concentrations of cadmium (Cd2+, 0-25 mg/l) or lead (Pb2+, 0-350 mg/l). The stimulatory effect of both metals was observed in mRNA coding for PAL in soybean. In the case of lupine, changes of PAL mRNA level were dependent on the metal used: Cd2+ caused a decrease, whereas Pb2+ an increase of PAL transcript level. The activity of PAL was enhanced in both plant species at higher metal concentrations (15-25 mg/l of Cd2+ or 150-350 mg/l of Pb2+); however it was not directly correlated with PAL mRNA. This suggests a transcriptional and posttranscriptional control of PAL expression under heavy metals stress. In soybean, Cd2+ or Pb2+ treatment increased lignin content, while in lupine the effect was opposite. The decreased lignin accumulation in lupine roots in response to heavy metals, despite an increased PAL activity, suggests that the activated phenylpropanoid pathway was involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites other than lignin.

12

A comparison of sequential extraction procedures for fractionation of arsenic, cadmium, lead, and zinc in soil

75%

Tlustoš P., Száková J., Stárková A., Pavlíková D.

Open Chemistry

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2005

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vol. 3

|

issue 4

830-851

EN

Twelve soil samples differing in physicochemical properties and total element contents were extracted by three sequential extraction procedures to determine As, Cd, Pb, and Zn bound to individual soil fractions and are defined by individual operational procedures. In the case of arsenic, two additional sequential extraction schemes were designed entirely for fractionation of soil containing arsenic were tested. The results confirmed that determination of element proportions bound to individual soil fractions is strongly dependent on the extracting agent and/or procedure applied within individual extracting schemes. As expected, absolute values of the elements released among the individual extracting procedures are weakly comparable. More reliable results were determined for the more mobile soil elements i.e. cadmium and zinc, in the fractions characterizing the most mobile proportions of investigated elements where significant correlations with basic soil characteristics were observed. In contrast, ambiguous results were observed for As and Pb, for both the individual extraction procedures and the effect of the soil characteristics. Regardless of the studied element, the poorest results were determined for reducible and oxidizable soil fractions. The application of at least two independent procedures or modification of the extraction scheme according to element investigated and/or particular soil characteristics can also be helpful in definition of element pattern in soils in further research.

13

Heavy metal contamination in water, sediments and Planiliza subviridis tissue in the Donan River, Indonesia

75%

Siregar A. S., Sulistyo I., Prayogo N. A., Siregar A. S., Sulistyo I., Prayogo N. A.

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14

Antioxidative defense to lead stress in subcellular compartments of pea root cells.

63%

Małecka A., Jarmuszkiewicz W., Tomaszewska B.

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2001

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vol. 48

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issue 3

687-698

EN

Lead, similar to other heavy metals and abiotic factors, causes many unfavorable changes at the subcellular and molecular levels in plant cells. An increased level of superoxide anion in Pisum sativum root cells treated with 1 mM Pb(NO3)2 evidenced oxidative stress conditions. We found increased activities of enzymatic components of the antioxidative system (catalase and superoxide dismutase) in the cytosol, mitochondrial and peroxisomal fractions isolated from root cells of Pisum sativum grown in modified Hoagland medium in the presence of lead ions (0.5 or 1 mM). Two isoenzyme forms of superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD) found in different subcellular compartments of pea roots were more active in Pb-treated plants than in control. Increased amount of alternative oxidase accompanied by an increased activity of this enzyme was found in mitochondria isolated from lead-treated roots. These results show that plants storing excessive amounts of lead in roots defend themselves against the harmful oxidative stress caused by this heavy metal.

15

Reduction of Lead Oxide by Fine-Grained Carbonaceous Materials

63%

Matuła T., Siwiec G.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2019

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vol. 64

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issue 2

16

Harmonizing Biomarker Measurements in Longitudinal Studies of Children’s Health and the Environment

63%

Etzel R., Charles M.-A., Dellarco M., Gajeski K., Jöckel K.-H., Hirschfeld S., Kamijima M., Kawamoto T., Kolossa-Gehring M., Nakayama S., Schmidt B., Tian Y., Wolz B., Zaros C., Zhang J.

Biomonitoring

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2014

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vol. 1

|

issue 1

EN

Large scale studies of environmental influences on children’s health and development are being planned or conducted in many places, including Japan, France, Shanghai (China), the United States, and Germany. The objective of these “next generation” studies is to better understand a broad range of environmental and social factors that influence the health and well-being of children. Some of these studies are designed to enroll tens of thousands of children and follow them for many years to investigate the influence of the environment on child growth, development and health. Environment is broadly defined in these studies and includes investigation of chemical, biological, physical and socioeconomic factors. An international group composed of study teams from Japan, France, Shanghai (China), the United States, and Germany has been meeting since 2011 to exchange information and work towards harmonization of processes that would provide the opportunity to compare methods and develop procedures to conduct combined analyses of results and data pooling procedures. Harmonization of infant health outcomes, biomarkers, environmental measurements, socioeconomic and migration status has been initiated. This manuscript provides an overview of the Environment and Child Health International Birth Cohort Group and its history, describes the progress of work, and discusses the advantages of this international collaborative effort.

17

The content of toxic metals in different types of tea and their impact on consumers health

63%

Watrak S., Rajkowska-Myśliwiec M., Protasowicki M.

Kosmos

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2016

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vol. 65

|

issue 4

563-571

EN

Tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world, which, along with a number of beneficial health ingredients, such as trace elements, also contains undesired substances - as impurities. Among the impurities occur heavy metals, and their presence in tea leaves can pose serious problems to human health because they are not biodegradable, remain in the environment and can become part of the food chain. The total metal content of the tea leaves and infusions depends on the type of tea (green, black) and on the influence of other factors, including the properties of the soil. Despite the limited extent of metal migration from the dried tea to infusions, tea pollution with metals such as lead, cadmium or mercury is not indifferent to human health.

PL

Herbata jest jednym z najbardziej popularnych napojów na świecie, który obok wielu korzystnych dla zdrowia składników, jak mikroelementy, zawiera również te niepożądane - stanowiące zanieczyszczenie. Wśród nich znajdują się metale ciężkie, których obecność w liściach herbaty może stwarzać poważne problemy dla zdrowia ludzkiego, ponieważ nie ulegają one biodegradacji, a pozostając w środowisku mogą stać się częścią łańcucha pokarmowego. Całkowita zawartość metali w liściach herbat oraz w naparach zależy od rodzaju herbaty (zielona, czarna) oraz od wpływu wielu innych czynników, w tym właściwości gleby. Pomimo ograniczonej migracji metali z suszu do naparów zanieczyszczenie herbat metalami tj. ołów, kadm czy rtęć nie jest obojętne dla zdrowia człowieka. REFERENCES

18

Fractionation of Selected Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils / Frakcjonowanie Wybranych Metali Ciężkich W Glebach Uprawnych

51%

Różański S.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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2013

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vol. 20

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issue 1

117-125

EN

The content of trace elements in soils varies widely and their mobility and availability depends not only on the total content but also on the form of in which these elements occur. The aim of this study was to determine the total content of nickel, lead, zinc and copper in soils used for agriculture, and assess the mobility and phytoavailability of these metals against a background of physical and chemical properties of these soils. In samples taken from three soil profiles (Phaeozem and 2 Fluvisols) the contents of Ni, Pb, Zn and Cu were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy in the solutions obtained according to the protocol of modified BCR sequential extraction procedure supplemented with aqua regia digestion. The total content of the analyzed metals in most cases corresponded to the natural values, often not exceeding the geochemical background level. It was only in the one profile of the Fluvisols (Endogleyic Fluvisol) that a higher concentration of zinc and lead was noticed (especially in the surface horizon), slightly exceeding the legal limit. Among the studied metals the lowest phytoavailability was characterized by copper (exchangeable forms on average 4.73% of the total), and the highest by zinc (11.49%). Nickel was the most permanently bound with soil solid phase, and its content in the residual fraction reached 84.46% of the total. Approximately a half of the total lead content was determined as a fraction bound with iron and manganese oxides, while in the case of this metal a significant role in binding of this metal was playing organic matter (fraction bound with organic matter and sulphides - an average of 27.5%). Significant role in the binding of all investigated metals was credited to iron and manganese compounds.

PL

Zawartość pierwiastków śladowych w glebach waha się w szerokich granicach, a ich mobilność i dostępność uzależniona jest nie tylko od całkowitej zawartości, lecz również od formy, w jakiej występują. Celem niniejszej pracy było poznanie zawartości całkowitej niklu, ołowiu, cynku i miedzi w glebach użytkowanych rolniczo oraz ocena mobilności i fitodostępności tych metali na tle właściwości fizykochemicznych tych gleb. W próbkach pobranych z 3 profili glebowych (czarna ziemia i 2 profile mad rzecznych) oznaczono zawartość Ni, Pb, Zn i Cu metodą atomowej spektroskopii absorpcyjnej w roztworach otrzymanych zgodnie z protokołem zmodyfikowanej procedury ekstrakcji sekwencyjnej BCR uzupełnionej roztwarzaniem w aqua regia. Zawartość całkowita badanych metali odpowiadała w większości przypadków wartościom naturalnym, często nie przekraczając poziomu tła geochemicznego. Tylko w przypadku jednej z badanych mad stwierdzono podwyższoną zawartość cynku i ołowiu, szczególnie w poziomie powierzchniowym, przekraczającą nieznacznie dopuszczalne normy. Najniższą fitodostępnością spośród badanych metali charakteryzowała się miedź (formy wymienne średnio na poziomie 4,73% zawartości całkowitej), a najwyższą cynk (11,49%). Najtrwalej z fazą stałą gleby związany był nikiel, którego zawartość we frakcji rezydualnej sięgała 84,46% zawartości całkowitej. Średnio połowa zawartości całkowitej ołowiu oznaczona została jako frakcja związana z tlenkami żelaza i manganu, jednocześnie w przypadku tego metalu znaczącą rolę w jego wiązaniu odgrywała materia organiczna (frakcja związana z materią organiczną i związkami siarki - średnio 27,5%). Wyraźnie znaczącą rolę w wiązaniu wszystkich badanych metali odgrywały związki żelaza i manganu.

19

Extraction of vanadium and potassium compounds from the spent vanadium catalyst from the metallurgical plant

51%

Mazurek K.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2012

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vol. 14

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issue 2

49-53

EN

A spent vanadium catalyst, from the plant of metallurgical type, was leached in a sulfuric acid solution to recover vanadium and potassium compounds. The effect of time, temperature, concentration of acid, catalyst particle size and phase ratio was studied. Additionally the concentration of iron, copper, zinc, arsenic and lead compounds was determined. The flow sheet for the proposed process of spent vanadium catalyst leaching is presented.

20

Cadmium and lead content in gluten and gluten-free bread available on Polish market – potential health risk to consumers

51%

Gacal M., Gut-Pietrasz K., Ćwieląg-Drabek M.

Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis

|

2023

|

issue 77

PL

WSTĘP: Produkty zbożowe, zwłaszcza pieczywo, odgrywają istotną rolę w żywieniu ludzi na całym świecie. Jednak ze względu na uwalnianie nadmiernych ilości zanieczyszczeń do środowiska produkty zbożowe mogą również zawierać pewne ilości pierwiastków potencjalnie toksycznych, które mogą mieć negatywny wpływ na organizm człowieka. MATERIAŁ I METODY: Celem pracy jest analiza zawartości metali ciężkich w wybranych chlebach glutenowych i bezglutenowych dostępnych na polskim rynku oraz ocena nienowotworowego i nowotworowego narażenia konsumentów na kadm (Cd) i ołów (Pb). Ocena ta obejmowała narażenie ośmiu grup wiekowych. Zawartość Cd i Pb oznaczono metodą ET-AAS. WYNIKI: Najwyższą średnią zawartość Cd odnotowano w pieczywie pszenno-żytnim (0,072 mg/kg), najniższą w pieczywie bezglutenowym (0,021 mg/kg). Ogólny rozkład Cd w poszczególnych rodzajach chleba przedstawiał się następująco: pszenno-żytni > pszenny > żytni > bezglutenowy. WNIOSKI: Oszacowanie narażenia na Cd i Pb konsumentów pieczywa pszennego i pszenno-żytniego wykazało, że w populacji dzieci w wieku < 11 lat może wystąpić istotne ryzyko zdrowotne.

EN

INTRODUCTION: Grain products, especially bread, play an essential role in the nutrition of people around the world. However, due to the release of excessive amounts of pollutants into the environment, grain products may also contain some amounts of potentially toxic elements, which may have a negative effect on the human body. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The aim of the study is to analyze the content of heavy metals in selected gluten and gluten--free breads available on the Polish market, and to assess the non-cancerous and cancerous exposure of consumers to cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). This assessment covered the exposure of eight age groups. The content of Cd and Pb was determined by the ET-AAS method. RESULTS: The highest mean concentration of Cd was recorded in wheat-rye bread (0.072 mg/kg), the lowest in gluten--free bread (0.021 mg/kg). The general distribution of Cd in individual types of bread was as follows: wheat-rye > wheat > rye > gluten-free bread. CONCLUSIONS: The estimation of exposure to Cd and Pb of the consumers of wheat and wheat-rye bread showed that a significant health risk may occur in the population of children < 11 years of age.

Refine search results

Activated carbons for the removal of heavy metal ions: A systematic review of recent literature focused on lead and arsenic ions

Biosorption lead(II) and nikel(II) from an aqueous solution by bacterial biomass

Modification of Polyacrylamide–β–Zeolite Composite by Phytic Acid for the Removal of Lead from Aqueous Solutions

On the determination of lead in wine by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Activation of phenylpropanoid pathway in legume plants exposed to heavy metals. Part II. Profiling of isoflavonoids and their glycoconjugates induced in roots of lupine (lupinus luteus) seedlings treated with cadmium and lead

Characterization and sorption properties of Aspergillus niger waste biomass

„Growing Up” and the Environment

Concentration levels of cadmium and lead in the raw and processed meat of Helix pomatia snails

The influence of heavy metals on cataracts

ICP slurry introduction for simple and rapid determination of Pb, Mg and Ca in plant roots

Activation of phenylpropanoid pathway in legume plants exposed to heavy metals. Part I. Effects of cadmium and lead on phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene expression, enzyme activity and lignin content

A comparison of sequential extraction procedures for fractionation of arsenic, cadmium, lead, and zinc in soil

Heavy metal contamination in water, sediments and Planiliza subviridis tissue in the Donan River, Indonesia

Antioxidative defense to lead stress in subcellular compartments of pea root cells.

Reduction of Lead Oxide by Fine-Grained Carbonaceous Materials

Harmonizing Biomarker Measurements in Longitudinal Studies of Children’s Health and the Environment

The content of toxic metals in different types of tea and their impact on consumers health

Fractionation of Selected Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils / Frakcjonowanie Wybranych Metali Ciężkich W Glebach Uprawnych

Extraction of vanadium and potassium compounds from the spent vanadium catalyst from the metallurgical plant

Cadmium and lead content in gluten and gluten-free bread available on Polish market – potential health risk to consumers