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Invasive fungal infection in a child with Ewing’s sarcoma

100%
Adamkiewicz-Drożyńska E., Bień E., Płoszyńska A.
OncoReview
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2017
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vol. 7
|
issue 1
38-43
EN
Invasive fungal infection (IFI) in patients with malignant solid tumours is rare, but it highly increases the risk of cancer recurrence because of prolonged discontinuation of cancer treatment. This paper presents a case of IFI induced by Candida glabrata in a 14-year-old girl with advanced Ewing’s sarcoma and metastases to the bone marrow. She was intensively treated with chemotherapy (CWS, CEVAIE, EWING 2008 + VIDE) and radiotherapy. As the treatment was ineffective, the tumour was surgically removed from the sacrum, and VAI chemotherapy was administered. Due to the symptoms of infection, antifungal treatment was initiated with caspofungin, followed by prophylaxis with posaconazole. In terms of anti-cancer treatment, the patient received megatherapy with auto-HSCT. Signs of infection and gastrotoxic complications developed, which is why broad-spectrum antibiotics and amphotericin B lipid complex were administered. Even so, a multisystem IFI appeared, causing the patient’s death. In multidrug chemotherapy with extended periods of agranulocytosis, primary prevention should be considered, similar to the one offered to patients with haematological malignancies.
2
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Recurrent invasive pulmonary aspergillosis or breakthrough fungal infection in a child after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

88%
Ociepa T.
OncoReview
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2016
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vol. 6
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issue 3
A122-127
EN
Invasive fungal infections (IFI) are devastating and life-threatening infections affecting especially immunocompromised patients. We report on a case of a 14-year-old boy with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, in whom invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IA) was diagnosed and successfully treated with subsequent (despite the secondary antifungal prophylaxis) IA or breakthrough infection development. Thanks to intensive and broad spectrum antifungal treatment (voriconazole upfront therapy, followed by a combination of voriconazole and micafungin, and eventually by the amphotericin B lipid complex), significant improvement was accomplished.
3
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Nasal Mucormycosis: Our experience with 24 cases

75%
Bakshi S. S., Das S., Ramesh S., Gopalakrishnan S.
Otolaryngologia Polska
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2020
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vol. 74(4)
37-40
EN
Background: Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection affecting people with impaired immunity. The aim of this study is to shed light on the epidemiology, incidence, and outcome of patients with mucormycosis hospitalized at a tertiary care center in Pondicherry. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review between January 2008 and January 2018. All patients with proven or probable mucormycosis were included. Results: A total of 24 patients were included. Their median age was 49 years and the majority were males. Comorbidities included mainly hematologic malignancy and diabetes mellitus. A liposomal amphotericin B formulation alone or in combination with other antifungals was used as a first line agent in all patients. Conclusion: The incidence of mucormycosis has significantly increased over the past 10 years at our institution, most likely due to increased risk factors.
4
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Nasal Mucormycosis: Our experience with 24 cases

75%
Bakshi S. S., Das S., Ramesh S., Gopalakrishnan S.
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology
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2020
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vol. 74
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issue 4
37-40
EN
Background: Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection affecting people with impaired immunity. The aim of this study is to shed light on the epidemiology, incidence, and outcome of patients with mucormycosis hospitalized at a tertiary care center in Pondicherry. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review between January 2008 and January 2018. All patients with proven or probable mucormycosis were included. Results: A total of 24 patients were included. Their median age was 49 years and the majority were males. Comorbidities included mainly hematologic malignancy and diabetes mellitus. A liposomal amphotericin B formulation alone or in combination with other antifungals was used as a first line agent in all patients. Conclusion: The incidence of mucormycosis has significantly increased over the past 10 years at our institution, most likely due to increased risk factors.
5
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Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a child with acute myeloid leukaemia: pharmacotherapy and surgical management

75%
Styczyński J.
OncoReview
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2016
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vol. 6
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issue 4
A169-174
EN
This paper reports on diagnostic and therapeutic management of pulmonary invasive fungal disease (IFD) in a child with relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia, undergoing chemotherapy followed by haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Surgical management with resection of the involved lung tissue was based on the location of fungal infiltrates close to large circulatory vessels. After examination of resected pulmonary tissue, a diagnosis of proven IFD was done. This case report is an example that aspergillosis is usually the cause for pulmonary IFD. Pharmacotherapy of pulmonary IFD should be based on compounds with good penetration to lung tissue: amphotericin B lipid form or voriconazole.
6
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Pneumonia in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

75%
Styczyński J.
OncoReview
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2017
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vol. 7
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issue 3
126-138
EN
Pneumonia is one of the most frequent cause of death after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The objective of this review is to present various aspects of pneumonia in this group of patients, with focus on invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and cytomegalovirus disease, being the most frequent etiological causes of pneumonia after HSCT. The review is aimed at practical approach to diagnostic and therapeutic management of pneumonia after HSCT with special attention to: definitions of infections and level of diagnosis of upper and lower respiratory tract infections, including issues specific for invasive fungal disease, pneumocystosis, cytomegalovirus disease, community acquired respiratory viral infections and bacterial pneumonia. Another topics analyzed in the review are: epidemiology and risk factors for development of infection and risk of death due to pneumonia; invasive and non-invasive diagnostics, including imaging and laboratory biomarkers; methods of pharmacological and environmental prophylaxis and specific targeted therapy of pneumonia after HSCT.
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