Search results

1

Heavy Metals in Soils

100%

Draszawka-Bołzan B.

World News of Natural Sciences

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2015

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vol. 2

20-37

EN

For the purposes of this Issue Paper, metals most commonly found at Superfund sites will be discussed in terms of the processes affecting their behavior in soils, as well as in those of the laboratory methods available to evaluate this behavior. The retention capacity of soil will also be discussed with regard to the movement of metals between the other environmental compartments: ground water, surface water, or the atmosphere. Long-term changes in soil environmental conditions, due to the effects of remediation systems or to natural weathering processes, are also explained with respect to the enhanced mobility of metals in soils.

2

The school performance of boys from rural schools in Lower Silesia in the light of lead concentration in blood

100%

Żurek G.

Medycyna Środowiskowa - Environmental Medicine

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2012

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vol. 15

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issue 1

27-31

EN

Research conducted in many research centers all over the world indicate health threats resulting from the presence of lead in the blood gradually decreases to the permissible amount. Lead accumulation in a living organism results in adverse changes in different body systems, symptoms of which include various behavioral changes. They can be reflected in grades obtained by the child at school. The aim of this paper was to establish whether the blood lead level diversify the boys in the respect of their school performance during consecutive years of primary education. The amount of lead in blood of 94 boys at the age of 10 has been measured; subsequently, the group of subjects was divided into two subgroups; the first one (termed in this paper „L”) comprised students whose Pb-B level was lower than 6 μg/dl (4,846 μg/dl on average) and the second one (termed „H”) comprised boys whose blood level exceeded 6 μg/dl (9,256 μg/dl on average). Academic performance in the arts, scientific subjects, geography and natural science in respective groups was assessed. Said procedure was replicated in respective subgroups after a year when the subjects were 11 years old. It was ascertained that the academic performance of the boys with higher blood lead levels deteriorated in scientific subjects and tended to worsen also in other school subject groups. Performance of the students whose blood lead level was lower in the initial examination remained unchanged or improved.

PL

Badania podejmowane w wielu ośrodkach naukowych na całym świecie, wskazujące na zagrożenia zdrowotne wynikające z obecności ołowiu we krwi, zaowocowały stopniowym obniżeniem dopuszczalnej zawartości tego metalu ciężkiego w organizmie. Konsekwencją jego kumulacji są bowiem niekorzystne zmiany obserwowane w układach wewnętrznych, których jednym z przejawów są m.in. różnego rodzaju zmiany behawioralne. Mogą one przekładać się na oceny uzyskiwane przez dziecko w szkole. Celem niniejszej pracy było określenie czy poziom ołowiu we krwi różnicuje chłopców pod kątem ich osiągnięć szkolnych w kolejnych latach kształcenia w szkole podstawowej. Wykonano pomiar zawartości ołowiu we krwi 94 chłopców 10-letnich, a następnie całą grupę badanych podzielono na dwie podgrupy; pierwszą (zwana umownie „N”), w której znaleźli się uczniowie, których poziom Pb-B był mniejszy niż 6 μg/dl (średnio 4,84 μg/dl) i drugą (W) o zawartości ołowiu we krwi przekraczającej ten poziom (średnio 9,25 􀀀g/dl). Wgrupach tych oceniono osiągnięcia w nauce z przedmiotów humanistycznych, ścisłych oraz geograficzno-przyrodniczych. Procedurę tę w wyodrębnionych podgrupach powtórzono w kolejnym roku, a więc wśród 11-latków, Wśród chłopców o wyższej zawartości ołowiu we krwi stwierdzono istotne obniżenie się wyników w nauce przedmiotów ścisłych oraz tendencję do obniżania się ocen z pozostałych grup przedmiotów. Uczniowie, których poziom ołowiu we krwi był niższy w badaniu wyjściowym utrzymali lub podnieśli poziom swoich osiągnięć szkolnych.

3

Application of Fungal Waste Biomass Originating from Steroid Hormone Manufacture for Heavy Metals Removal

80%

Paraszkiewicz K., Felczak A., Długoński J.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Biologica et Oecologica

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2009

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vol. 5

5-19

EN

The biomass of Curvularia lunata, used previously for hydrocortisone production, was investigated as a heavy metal biosorbent. Removal of lead, zinc and cadmium ions was evaluated as a function of biosorbent dosages, initial ion concentrations, mode of mycelium modifications, initial pH of metal solutions and when these metals ions where presented in binary as well in ternary combinations. The results presented in this paper indicate the potential utility of C. lunata waste biomass for lead and, to a lower extent, for zinc and cadmium ions removal from acid solutions.

4

Assessment of the use of municipal and industrial wastes in agriculture

80%

Jasiewicz C., Antonkiewicz J., Baran A.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2007

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vol. 9

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issue 3

15-19

EN

Agricultural usability of urban and industrial wastes was investigated in 2004 - 2006 in a pot experiment carried out in the vegetation hall. In the first year of the experiment maize was the test plant, oat grass in the second and oat in the third. The experimental design comprised 11 treatments differing with fertilizer and the kind of the supplied fertilizer components. The experiment used: mineral salts, farmyard manure, compost, municipal sewage sludge and industrial sewage sludge in two fertilizer doses. Metal concentrations in the test plants were diminishing in the following direction: oat grass < maize < oat. The lowest concentrations of the analyzed heavy metals were assessed in the plants fertilized with farmyard manure and compost (Zn, Cu). Among the tested plants the highest quantities of Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb and Cd were removed with the yield of the oat grass, then maize and oat. The highest uptake of Zn, Cu, Ni and Pb by plants was registered on a double dose of industrial sludge and Cd on a single dose of municipal sludge.

5

Remediation of heavy metals from soil using quartz sand functionalized with organic amino silanes

80%

Grzesiak P., Łukaszyk J., Schroeder G., Kurczewska J.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2013

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vol. 15

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issue 4

116-120

EN

The results of the research studies concerning the binding of heavy metals (HMs) by quartz sand functionalized with amino silanes have been described. The studies have been carried out on soils sampled from the areas affected by emissions from Copper Smelter and Refinery. The research aims to increase the food safety in the areas of industrial impact. The presence of polyamine chain in the hybrid materials obtained enables a binding of heavy metals (nickel, copper, cobalt). The best results are observed for the hybrid material having four amine groups (four coordination centers) per molecule. For this material the highest content after two extraction cycles (pH 7.0 and 5.0) is observed for copper (98.2%), but for other ions (nickel, cobalt) it is at least 85% of the initial amount of components available for plants.

6

The Presence of Metals and Antibiotics Resistant Bacteria in Arable Manure Soils

80%

Erdem B., Dayangaç A., Şahin İ.

Acta Physica Polonica A

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2017

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vol. 132

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issue 3

570-571

EN

Heavy metals and antibiotics resistance are intense public interest owing to their pollution in the environment and potential deleterious effects on human health. A total of 15 isolates of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli (50 manure garden soils) were tested for their resistance against certain heavy metals and antibiotics. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of Pb²⁺, Co²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Zn²⁺ for each isolate were also determined. B. subtilis, B. cereus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli exhibited high tolerance to minimum inhibitory concentrations of 3,200 μg/ml for Pb²⁺, 400 μg/ml for Cu²⁺ and Co²⁺, and 100 μg/ml for Zn²⁺ in agar plates. All the isolates were highly resistant to lead and they showed 100% growth in 3,200 μg/ml concentration. It was observed that all isolates were resistant to a wide range of antibiotics namely clindamycin, ceftazidime, aztreonam and vancomycin.

7

Response of the pea roots defense systems to the two-element combinations of metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb)

80%

Malecka A., Piechalak A., Zielińska B., Kutrowska A., Tomaszewska B.

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2014

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vol. 61

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issue 1

23-28

EN

The presence of the single metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn) induces ROS (reactive oxygen species) production and causes oxidative stress in plants. While applied in two-element combinations, trace metals impact organisms in a more complex way. To assess the resultant effect we treated the pea grown hydroponically with the trace metals in variants: CuPb, CuCd, CuZn, PbCd, ZnPb, ZnCd in concentrations of 25 µM for each metal ion. Abiotic stress inhibited root elongation growth, decreased biomass production, induced changes in root colour and morphology. It changed rate of ROS production, malondialdehyde content, increased activity and altered gene expression of defence enzymes (superoxide dysmutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase).

8

Chemometric Analysis of Grapes

80%

Ranđelovic S. S., Kostic D. A., Arsic B. B., Mitic S. S., Rasic I. D., Mitic M. N., Dimitrijevic D. S., Stojanovic G. S.

Open Chemistry

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2015

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vol. 13

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issue 1

EN

Concentrations of several heavy metals in soil, water and grape samples (variety Plovdina) collected at five locations at different distances from the road in Southeast Serbia were determined using the Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. There was a decrease in analyzed samples with an increase in distance from the road. A complete absence of several examined, very harmful heavy metals (Mn, Ni, and Cd) in all analyzed samples was found. The analysis of grape samples proved the presence of iron, zinc and copper in concentration ranges 3.3-19.8, 0.31-0.63, and 3.4-13.6 μg g-1, respectively. The content of heavy metals in soil, water and grapes were below allowable limits. Correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between the concentrations of metals in soil and grape samples.

9

Binding of Industrial Deposits of Heavy Metals and Arsenic in the Soil by 3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane

80%

Grzesiak P., Łukaszyk J., Schroeder G., Kurczewska J.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2014

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vol. 16

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issue 2

12-15

EN

The results of the research studies concerning binding of heavy metals and arsenic (HM+As), occurring in soils affected by emissions from Głogów Copper Smelter and Refinery, by silane nanomaterial have been described. The content of heavy metals and arsenic was determined by AAS and the effectiveness of heavy metals and arsenic binding by 3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane was examined. The total leaching level of impurities in those fractions was 73.26% Cu, 74.7% – Pb, 79.5% Zn, 65.81% – Cd and 55.55% As. The studies demonstrated that the total binding of heavy metals and arsenic with nanomaterial in all fractions was about as follows: 20.5% Cu, 9.5% Pb, 7.1% Zn, 25.3% Cd and 10.89% As. The results presented how the safety of food can be cultivated around industrial area, as the currently used soil stabilization technique of HM by soil pH does not guarantee their stable blocking in a sorptive complex.

10

Heavy metal content in used engine oils depending on engine type and oil change interval

80%

Szyszlak-Bargłowicz J., Zając G., Wolak A., Szyszlak-Bargłowicz J., Zając G., Wolak A.

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2021

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vol. 47

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issue 2

11

Environmental aspects of feed phosphates production

80%

Hoffmann J., Hoffmann K., Borowiec M., Huculak M.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2009

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vol. 11

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issue 1

16-19

EN

The risks resulting from the selected feed phosphates application in animal nutrition were analyzed. The results of the analyses of the fodder phosphates obtained in laboratory conditions were presented, including the toxic and disadvantageous substances with regard to their impact upon the environment.

12

Heavy metal accumulation in two peat bogs from southern Poland

80%

Fiałkiewicz-Kozieł B., Smieja-Król B., Palowski B., Fiałkiewicz-Kozieł B., Smieja-Król B., Palowski B.

Studia Quaternaria

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2011

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vol. 28

13

Heavy metals content in breast milk of mothers living in industrial region

80%

Kwapuliński J., Suflita M., Brewczyński P. Z., Fulczyk T., Bebek M., Mitko K., Stykowska E., Trzcionka A., Swoboda M.

Medycyna Środowiskowa - Environmental Medicine

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2014

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vol. 17

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issue 3

39-44

EN

Introduction and Aim. Breast milk is the first nourishment in the infancy period containing environmentally present chemical compounds. Literature data on the presence of heavy metals in mothers’ milk is insufficient. The study is to determine the influence of environmental factors on the content of heavy metals in breast milk. Material and Methods. This paper presents results of an investigation on the occurrence of heavy metals in breast milk. Absorption spectrometry technique using VARIAN Techtron Instrument type 5DA determined the content of Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni, Mn, Fe. The mothers were 16 to 40 years old and lived at least 5 years in the industrial region (Upper Silesia and Częstochowa, Cieszyn – Poland). Results. The co-occurrence of metals in the milk and the change of heavy metals concentration depends on the lactation time. Smoking and air pollution are important factors which influence the content of heavy metals in breast milk. Conclusions. Breast milk for infants is an important source of nourishment containing heavy metals.

PL

Wstęp i cel. Mleko kobiety jest pierwszym pokarmem zawierającym związki chemiczne obecne również w jej środowisku. Celem prowadzonych badań było określenie wpływu czynników środowiskowych na zawartość metali ciężkich w mleku kobiet. Materiał i metody. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad występowaniem metali w mleku kobiecym. Zawartości Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni, Mn, Fe oznaczano metodą AAS. Użyto aparatu VARIAN-5A. Badaniom poddano kobiety w wieku 16–40 lat, które mieszkały co najmniej 5 lat na Górnym Śląsku, w Cieszynie i Częstochowie. Wyniki. Współwystępowanie metali w mleku zależało od okresu laktacji. Czynnikiem wpływającym na zawartość metali w mleku były: stopień zanieczyszczenia przyziemnej warstwy powietrza oraz dym tytoniowy jako produkt oddziałujący na organizm karmiącej kobiety inhalowany zarówno podczas czynnego, jak i biernego palenia tytoniu. Wnioski. Mleko kobiece może być źródłem znaczącej ilości metali ciężkich.

14

Comparative study of metal induced phospholipid modifications in the heavy metal tolerant filamentous fungus Paecilomyces marquandii and implications for the fungal membrane integrity

80%

Słaba M., Bernat P., Różalska S., Nykiel J., Długoński J.

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2013

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vol. 60

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issue 4

695-700

EN

In this work we compared the effect of five heavy metals: Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni and Cu on phospholipid composition of the ubiquitous soil fungus Paecilomyces marquandii, originating from a strongly metal polluted area and characterized by high tolerance to these elements. Cd, Ni and Cu caused an increase in phosphatidylcholine (PC). Only Pb decreased PC content, which was accompanied by a significant rise in the phosphatidic acids (PA) level, probably due to activation of phospholipase D which hydrolyzes PC to PA. This could result in membrane fluidity disturbance, and thus affect its integrity. The assessment of propidium iodide influx showed strong disturbance of membrane integrity for Cu and Pb stressed mycelia, whereas mycelia treated with Ni were impermeable to this dye. The results obtained revealed a strong Cu and Pb toxicity involving disruption of membrane integrity. Pb action was reflected by lipid composition, whereas changes in Cu treated mycelia did not completely elucidate its harmful effect on the membrane, which was most probably caused by Cu induced lipid peroxidation. Zn did not induce quantitative changes in PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) but caused changes in phospholipid lipid saturation, which appears to be important for fungus adaptation to the presence of metals. The enhanced PC content balanced by higher PC saturation can help in the maintenance of proper membrane fluidity and result in alleviating the Cd and Ni induced stress. These results will allow to clarify the mechanism of Pb toxicity and help to elucidate the cellular basis of fungal membrane adaptation to heavy metals.

15

Biosorption of lead(II), zinc(II) and nickel(II) from industrial wastewater by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Bacillus subtilis

80%

Wierzba S.

|

EN

The biosorption of Pb(II), Zn(II) and Ni(II) from industrial wastewater using Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Bacillus subtilis was investigated under various experimental conditions regarding pH, metal concentration and contact time. The optimum pH values for the biosorption of the three metals were in the range 5.0-6.0, while the optimal contact time for the two bacterial species was 30 min. Experimental data was analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms; the former had a better fit for the biosorption of Pb(II), Zn(II) and Ni(II). The maximum adsorption uptakes (qmax) of the three metals calculated from the Langmuir biosorption equation for S. maltophilia were 133.3, 47.8 and 54.3 for Pb(II), Zn(II) and Ni(II), respectively, and for B. subtilis were 166.7, 49.7 and 57.8 mg/g, respectively. B. subtilis biomass was more favorable for the biosorption of Pb (II) and Ni (II), while S. maltophilia was more useful for the biosorption of Zn (II).

16

The influence of cobalt ions on growth and enzymatic activity of entomopathogenic fungi used in biological plant protection

71%

Łopusiewicz Ł., Mazurkiewicz-Zapałowicz K., Tkaczuk C., Bartkowiak A., Łopusiewicz Ł., Mazurkiewicz-Zapałowicz K., Tkaczuk C., Bartkowiak A.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2020

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vol. 60

|

issue 1

17

Exogenous NaHS treatment alleviated Cd-induced stress in Ocimum basilicum plants through modulation of antioxidant defense system

71%

Oloumi H., Khodashenas M., Oloumi H., Khodashenas M.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia s. Botanica

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2020

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vol. 62

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issue 1

18

Assessment of the impact of a phosphatic fertilizer plant on the adjacent environment using fuzzy logic

71%

Szczepaniak K., Sârbu C., Astel A., Raińska1 E., Biziuk M., Culicov O., Frontasyeva M. V., Bode P.

Open Chemistry

|

2006

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vol. 4

|

issue 1

29-55

EN

The impact of a phosphatic fertilizer plant on the adjacent environment was examined. Selected rare earth elements, heavy metals and metalloids were determined in substrates and products, waste by-product, and grass and soil samples. Concentration gradients of elements in grass and soil samples along the southerly and easterly directions were examined and compared with the content of interior soil and grass samples, substrates, and products. Results were compared with available data on soil permissible element concentration levels. Two fuzzy principal component analysis (FPCA) methods for robust estimation of principal components were applied and compared with classical PCA. The efficiency of the new algorithms is illustrated. The investigation explored the impact of the plant on the adjacent environment. The most reliable results, in good agreement with types of samples, were produced using the FPCA-O algorithm

19

Chemometrics in the assessment of the sustainable development rule implementation

71%

Astel A., Głosińska G., Sobczyński T., Boszke L., Simeonov V., Siepak J.

Open Chemistry

|

2006

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vol. 4

|

issue 3

543-564

EN

The sustainable development rule implementation is tested by the application of chemometrics in the field of environmental pollution. A data set consisting of Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Fe content in bottom sediment samples collected in the Odra River (Germany/Poland) is treated using cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and source apportionment techniques. Cluster analysis clearly shows that pollution on the German bank is higher than on the Polish bank. Two latent factors extracted by PCA explain over 88 % of the total variance of the system, allowing identification of the dominant “semi-natural” and “anthropogenic” pollution sources in the river ecosystem. The complexity of the system is proved by MLR analysis of the absolute principal component scores (APCS). The apportioning clearly shows that Cd, Pb, Cr, Zn and Cu participate in an “anthropogenic” source profile, whereas Fe and Mn are “semi-natural”. Multiple regression analysis indicates that for particular elements not described by the model, the amounts vary from 4.2 % (Mn) to 13.1 % (Cr). The element Ni participates to some extent to each source and, in this way, is neither pure “semi-natural” nor pure “anthropogenic”. Apportioning indicates that the whole heavy metal pollution in the investigated river reach is 12510.45 mg·kg−1. The contribution of pollutants originating from “anthropogenic sources” is 9.04 % and from “semi-natural” sources is 86.53 %.

20

Heavy Metal Concentration in Fields Used as Urban Waste Dump Site in Owerri, Imo State, South-Eastern Nigeria

71%

Ayozie-Samuel V. C., Uda C. N., Onyeanuforo C. C.

World News of Natural Sciences

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2023

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vol. 48

46-59

EN

The concentration of heavy metals in fields used as urban waste dump sites in Owerri, Imo state Nigeria was evaluated. Three dumpsites were selected from Avu (along Port Harcourt Road), Mechanic village (opposite Tipper Park) and Egbeada housing (along Onitsha Road). Site selection was based on the presence of the dumps for at least 10 years. Soil samples were collected from the dumpsites and 100 m away from the dumpsite as control, using soil auger at depth of 0 ‒15 cm and 15‒30 cm. Cassava crops were planted on all the sites and the cassava roots were sampled alongside the soil for the study of heavy metal contents in plant roots. Routine soil analysis and plant root analysis were carried out to determine the physio-chemical characteristics and heavy metal contents of the soil and plant roots. Results showed that heavy metal contents of soils and plants are significantly (p = 0.05) higher in the dumpsites than the control except for Cd which did not show significant difference. Also results showed that Cd and Pb content of soil and plants are higher (4.17 and 3.17 mg/kg, respectively) for soil and (0.2 and 0.1 mg/kg, respectively) for plant roots. It is therefore recommended that farmers should avoid growing crops in urban waste dumpsites to avoid food contamination and health hazard.

Refine search results

Heavy Metals in Soils

The school performance of boys from rural schools in Lower Silesia in the light of lead concentration in blood

Application of Fungal Waste Biomass Originating from Steroid Hormone Manufacture for Heavy Metals Removal

Assessment of the use of municipal and industrial wastes in agriculture

Remediation of heavy metals from soil using quartz sand functionalized with organic amino silanes

The Presence of Metals and Antibiotics Resistant Bacteria in Arable Manure Soils

Response of the pea roots defense systems to the two-element combinations of metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb)

Chemometric Analysis of Grapes

Binding of Industrial Deposits of Heavy Metals and Arsenic in the Soil by 3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane

Heavy metal content in used engine oils depending on engine type and oil change interval