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Thermal Effect of Er³⁺ Ions Embedded in Smart Nano-Composite Oxide Material Prepared by Sol-Gel Technique

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Battisha I., Ayoub M., Hashem A., Ahmed E., Amin A.
Acta Physica Polonica A
|
2017
|
vol. 132
|
issue 4
1277-1283
EN
The phosphosilicate for planar waveguides fabrication by using sol-gel, and particularly erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers, is reviewed. In particular, efforts to use sol-gel to improve molecular homogeneity in Er-doped phosphosilicate-based monolith and thin films will be discussed. A variety of material studies was carried out to investigate and optimize the sample preparation condition for such application. These include X-ray diffraction, the Fourier transform infrared and optical transmittance, absorption and refractive index calculation. The erbium nitrate precursors use is shown to alter the Er³⁺ ions doping in the prepared samples thermally treated in the final monolith glass form, in comparison to the use of thin film phosphosilicate sol-gel sample. Excess heat treatment is used to force prepared samples crystallization, moreover resulting photoluminescence analysis is used to detect the co-operative-up-conversion sample properties before and after heating.
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