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EN
The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the gender of renal allograft donor and recipient on the graft function over a 5-year follow-up period.Material and methods. The 154 kidney grafts from 77 donors transplanted into recipients of both genders. Two study groups were formed: one group consisted of male donors, while the other consisted of female donors. The recipients in each of the groups consisted of a pair, one male and one female.Results. 71% of grafts survived the five-year period in the group of male and female recipients when the donor was male; in case of female donors, the rate was 62.5%. Depending on the gender of the donor and the recipient, the rates of grafts with five-year survival were as follows: 79.2% for male donors and female recipients (MF); 62.5% for male donors and male recipients (MM). The difference between both groups was not statistically significant. In the case of female donors and male recipients (FM), the five-year survival rate was 58.3%, while in female donors and female recipients, the five-year survival rate was 64.1%.Conclusions. Grafts from male donors show a trend towards better five-year survival compared to grafts from female donors. The highest five-year survival rate was observed when the donor was male and the recipient was female; the lowest rate was observed for female donors and male recipients.
EN
Introduction. Transplantation surgery, involving transplantation of cells, tissues and organs, constitutes a common medical practice that saves the lives of a great number of patients. Aim. The purpose of the present paper is to provide a comparative analysis of the legal regulations regarding transplantation that are in practice inside three European countries: Poland and Germany - EU Member States - and Switzerland - a non-EU state. The considerations made herein are meant to find an answer to the question whether the provisions of law regarding transplantation in the specified European countries regulate the legal situation of the donor and the recipient in a similar manner. Material and methods. The paper is based on the following source documents: The Cell, Tissue and Organ Recovery, Storage and Transplantation Act of July 1, 2005; The Act on Donation, Recovery and Transplantation of Organs and Tissues of November 5, 1997 (Transplantation Act - TPG); Federal Act on Transplantation of Organs, Tissues and Cells of October 8, 2004. In our work, we applied two methods, the first being comparative, and the second being dogmatic-legal. The latter consists of analyzing the provisions regarding transplantation as found within the three selected European countries. Results and Discussion. Under Polish, German and Swiss law alike, the recovery of cells, tissues and organs is allowed from an adult, who, under the Polish and German Acts, has full capacity to enter into legal transactions, and who, under the Swiss Act - is an adult who is mentally competent. Of note is that a minor might only be a donor in ex vivo transplantation provided that precisely specified requirements are met. Of additional note is that, under the German and Swiss Acts, recovery of tissues and organs from a human cadaver donor is allowed only if this person gave consent for such recovery prior to their death; under the Polish Act, this is allowed unless the deceased person expressed their objection when alive. Conclusion. As far as ex vivo transplantation is concerned, the legal solutions regarding transplantation in Poland, Germany and Switzerland regulate the legal situation of the donor and the recipient of a transplant in a similar way, although there are a few significant differences. As for ex mortuo transplantations - the legal solutions applied in each country greatly differ.
EN
Plasmapheresis is a medical procedure consists of removal of the blood, separation of cells from plasma, and return of these cells to the body’s circulation by reinfusion. There are therapeutic and preparative plasmapheresis. During therapeutic plasmapheresis, together with the plasma, are removed utoantibodies, immune complexes, antigens, proteins, enzymes and clotting factors or cytokines from the circulation. Preparative plasmapheresis enables the production of the plasma preparations for therapeutic purposes. Plasmapheresis is a safe procedure that poses a little risk of complications, however it should be developed in accordance with all rules and guidelines.
PL
Plazmafereza (plasma exchange – PE) to zabieg, który polega na pobraniu określonej objętości krwi, szybkim jej rozdzieleniu na osocze i elementy komórkowe, które następnie zostają zwrócone drogą reinfuzji. Wyróżniamy plazmaferezę leczniczą i preparatywną. Podczas plazmaferezy leczniczej wraz z osoczem z krążenia usuwane są autoprzeciwciała, kompleksy immunologiczne, antygeny, białka, enzymy, czynniki krzepnięcia, ale także cytokiny. Natomiast plazmafereza preparatywna umożliwia produkcję preparatów osoczowych w celach terapeutycznych. Plazmafereza to bezpieczny zabieg, który stwarza niewielkie ryzyko powikłań, należy jednak przeprowadzać go zgodnie z opracowanymi zasadami i procedurami.
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