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Perceived constraints and facilitators of participation in physical activity by individuals with autism spectrum disorders

100%
Gürkan R. K., Kocak F.
Physical Activity Review
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2020
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vol. 1
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issue 8
51-63
EN
Introduction. The purpose of this study is to examine the nature and context of parent perspectives of physical activity for their children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Methods. In the study, one of the qualitative research methods, semi-structured interview technique was used as the research design phenomenology method. In addition to demographic information form, participants were asked about the factors that facilitate or constraints their children's participation in physical activity and the benefits of physical activity. Criterion sampling, one of the purposive sampling methods, was used in the study. The study group consisted of 11 parents whose ages ranged from 37 to 55 years (Mage = 44.09, SD = 6.59) and children participated to physical activity rehabilitation program which was carried out by a special education and rehabilitation center. Thematic analysis method was used for data analysis. Results. Three themes being constraints in physical activity, facilitators in physical activity and benefits of physical activity were reported. In the study, most frequently reported constraints were intrapersonal and the most commonly reported facilitator was also intrapersonal. Parents' opinions suggest that interpersonal factors and structural factors are important for special education students with ASD to continue their participation in physical activity. Conclusion. As a result, it is seen that the parents of individuals with ASD encounter some constraints in directing their children to physical activity, however due to the benefits obtained despite these constraints, their children continue to participate in physical activity.
2
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Interpersonal Dynamics: 1v1 Sub-Phase at Sub-18 Football Players

88%
Clemente F. M., Santos Couceiro M., Martins F. M. L., Dias G., Mendes R.
Journal of Human Kinetics
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2013
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vol. 36
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issue 1
179-189
EN
The performance of football players within game context can be analyzed based on their ability to break or (re)balance the attacker-defender dyad. In this context, the analysis of each sub-phase (e.g., 1v1, 2v2) presents a feature that needs to be taken into account in sports analysis. This study aims to investigate the interpersonal dynamics dyad formed by the attacker and the defender in 1v1 situations with a goalkeeper. A sample of 11 football male players (age: 17.91 ± 1.04 years) with 8.6 ± 1.52 years of practice experience participated in the study. Analyzing the 1v1 sub-phase, results show that the distance, speed and angular amplitude between the attacker and the defender increases, especially when the attacker attempts to overtake the defender (i.e., score a goal). We conclude that decision-making emerges from the perception that players draw from the action, actively and consistently interacting to find solutions to emerging problems within the game context
3
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Survey of benefits and constraints of urban trees in Kaduna Metropolis

88%
Ogunkalu O. A., Sodimu A. I., Sulaiman R. A., Adedire O. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2017
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vol. 11
19-27
EN
This study was used to assess public opinion of the economic and ecological importance of various tree species in Kaduna Metropolis, Kaduna state. A total of one hundred (100) questionnaires were randomly administered among four purposively selected towns (Angwa-Rimi and Kawo new extension in Kaduna North and Bar’nawa and Sabo in Kaduna South) within the two major local governments in the study area. Twenty-five (25) questionnaires were randomly distributed across age and sex in each of the four (4) selected towns. Of these, ninety were retrieved for analysis. Data analysis was achieved through descriptive analysis. This included frequency distribution tables, percentages and charts. The results show that the majority of the respondents were aged between (21-30) and (31-40) years, these figures representing (44.4%) and (30.0%), respectively, of the entire study population. In addition, most had secondary education (53.3%). In the stated opinions, Meliaceae occur most often. Other trees species identified in the study area include Eucalyptus spp, Azadiracta indica, Psidium guajava, Terminalia catapa, Mangifera indica, Anacardium occidentalis, Khaya senegalensis, Gmelina arboria, pinus spp, Carica papaya, Moringa olifera, Gliricidia sepium, Ficus spp, Afzelia spp, Balanite eagyptiaca, Borassus aethiopum, Persae americana, Polyantha longifolia etc. The following characteristics mark these tree species out as being economically and ecologically important: fast growth, deep rooting pattern, coppicing ability, ability to produce large crown size, tolerance to adverse weather condition, ability of trees to produce broad leaves for shade production, erosion protection, ability to provide fruits, aesthetics and beautification values. In conclusion, urban tree planting is a potential strategy to ameliorate ecological and economic concerns; thus, there is need for the dwellers in the study area to intensify efforts towards planting trees around their houses. Without this, the influx of people, urbanization and industrialization will create deleterious environmental conditions in the study area. It is recommended that efforts to make the populace aware of the economic and ecological significance of urban trees be intensified.
4
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Assessment of Secondary School Students’ Game Performance Related to Tactical Contexts

75%
Gutiérrez D., Fisette J., García-López L. M., Contreras O.
Journal of Human Kinetics
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2014
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vol. 42
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issue 1
223-234
EN
Certain limitations remain unaddressed when utilizing the Teaching Games for Understanding approach, suggesting the need for more research on authentic assessment of skill development and tactical awareness in order to guide the design of developmentally appropriate curriculum materials. This study investigated physical education students’ (n=19; age: 13.71 ± 0.4) game performance during an invasion game, specifically the relationship between their skill execution and decision-making ability. The purpose of the study was twofold: (a) to devise and implement a ‘game context’ approach to assess the game performance components and in doing so, (b) to provide information that could be used to design suitable learning progressions within tactical teaching approaches. Students’ game performance was videotaped, and measures of skill execution and decision-making were developed from observational analyses. Decision-making was measured at two levels: a) decision making restricted to the selection of technical-tactical skills (i.e., passing, moving with the ball, getting free, marking, tackling, double teaming and interception; and b) decisionmaking in the adaptation to the tactical contexts of the game. Participants played a 5 vs. 5 modified eight-minute team handball game. Participants scored significantly higher in penetrating-the-defense context adaptation than in keepingthe- ball context adaptation. Participants showed a higher efficiency in decision-making than in execution in most of the technical-tactical skills; including on-the-ball over off-the-ball decision-making, and in attack compared to defensive execution. The findings also revealed significant relationships between decision-making and skill execution in shooting, tackling and passing
5
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Implementation of a geometric constraint regularization for multibody system models

71%
Müller A., Müller A.
Archive of Mechanical Engineering
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2014
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vol. 61
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issue 2
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