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HOW PURE IS PURE ALEXIA? A NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF A CASE SERIES OF PATIENTS WITH ALEXIA DUE TO LEFT HEMISPHERIC STROKES

100%
Leśniak M. M., Zielińska A. J., Czepiel W., Seniów J.
Acta Neuropsychologica
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2020
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vol. 18(4)
493-506
EN
The aim of this study was to analyze a case series with acquired alexia after stroke within the posterior areas of the left hemisphere, in the context of the current criteria for pure alexia and their relevance to the set of symptoms observable in clinical practice. Seven patients with ischemic strokes and an initial diagnosis of pure alexia were enrolled for detailed analysis. The evaluation consisted of neuropsychological assessment in the form of standardized tests and non-standardized reading tasks, while oculomotor activity during reading was measured. Language functions, visual object and space perception, verbal and nonverbal memory, and visuospatial constructional ability were among the domains assessed. In five of the participants, pure alexia was recognized based on sig- nificant and specific discrepancies between test scores, indicating primary abnormalities in the visual processing of letter strings as a basic mechanism of the disorder. In most of the patients, coexisting cognitive deficits were revealed; however, these were dispropor- tionately milder and less functionally significant than reading disturbances. Pure alexia is a relatively rare disorder after a stroke, but it considerably affects the quality of everyday independent functioning. Its clinical characteristics in practice rarely meet all the criteria proposed in the subject literature. The differential diagnosis of this form of alexia and other reading disorders requires detailed clinical analysis.
2

QUANTITATIVE STUDY EVALUATING PERCEPTION OF GENERAL PUBLIC TOWARDS ROLE OF PHARMACIST IN HEALTH CARE SYSTEM OF PAKISTAN

75%
JIN X., AZHAR S., MURTAZA G., XUE F., MUMTAZ A., NIU H., TAHA A., ZHANG Y.
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
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2014
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vol. 71
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issue 5
869-875
EN
To investigate general public perception towards the role of pharmacist in developing countriesí healthcare system was the main aim of this study, which would be the basic foundation for researching the treatment pattern of cognitive disorder after stroke in communities. The study population (sample size = 385) consisted of general public from Islamabad, Faisalabad and Lahore, Pakistan. Main sections of the questionnaire comprised of series of statements pertaining to consumerís perception and experience with the pharmacists. The response rate of study was 77.1%. A majority (80.1%) of the consumers knows who is pharmacist; 49.8% (n = 148) of the respondents found the pharmacist working in the pharmacies; 74.1% (n = 220) believed that pharmacist can guide them regarding their medicine. With respect to government efforts to improve services provided by community pharmacies, less percentage (31.0%) of the consumers were satisfied. Half of the respondents (59.9%) were expecting from the pharmacists to be knowledgeable drug therapy experts, whereas 61.3% (n = 182) expect from the pharmacists to educate them regarding safe and appropriate use of medication. The findings of this study conclude that the quality of pharmaceutical services provided is very low in Pakistan. There is a gap between the public and the pharmacist, which can only be filled by creating awareness among public regarding the pharmacistís role in healthcare system and by focusing on how services provided by the pharmacists can add improvement to general public health.
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