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EN
Bulk samples consisting of BaCe_{0.85}Y_{0.15}O_{3-δ} (BCY15) and Ce_{0.85}Y_{0.15}O_{2-δ} (YDC15) compounds, mixed together in different ratios, were studied as potential electrolytes in dual protonic ceramic-solid oxide fuel cells and compared with non-composite BCY15 and YDC15. The microstructures of the sintered materials indicate that BCY15 exhibits the largest grains, whereas composites have greater visible porosity than the non-composite samples. From X-ray diffraction studies it follows that BCY15 and YDC15 consist mainly of one phase, whereas the composites are two-phase materials. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies at different temperatures show that the composite materials are capable of conduction the order of 10¯³ S/cm at temperatures above 500°C in a hydrogen-containing atmosphere. Furthermore, activation energy values of the conductivity determined for the composites in air atmosphere are between those obtained for BCY15 (E_{a}=0.590±0.017 eV) and YDC15 (E_{a}=1.132±0.008 eV). From this it follows that both phases of the composites influence the electrical conductivity of the materials. In conclusion, BCY15 and the BCY15-YDC15 composites show promise for future use as electrolytes in dual protonic ceramic-solid oxide fuel cells.
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Dielectric properties of Ba3Sr2DyTi3V7O30 ceramics

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EN
A polycrystalline sample, Ba3Sr2DyTi3V7O30, with tungsten bronze structure was prepared by a mixed-oxide method at high temperature (950°C). Preliminary structural analysis of the compound showed an orthorhombic crystal structure at room temperature. Surface morphology of the compound was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The dielectric anomaly at 321°C may be attributed to the ferro-paraelectric phase transitions. This was also confirmed from the appearance of a hysteresis loop. The nature of variation of the ac conductivity and value of activation energy at different temperature regions, suggest that the conduction process is of mixed-type (i.e., ionic-polaronic and space charge generated from the oxygen ion vacancies).
Open Physics
|
2003
|
vol. 1
|
issue 3
485-515
EN
Modern experiment and theory in the field of residual stress detection by the photoacoustic method are summarized and analyzed. A multimode approach based on the simultaneous application of several photothermal and photoacoustic methods is proposed for the study of thermal and thermoelastic effects in solids with residual stress. Some experimental results obtained within the framework of this approach for Vickers indentation zones in ceramics are presented. The effect of annealing on the photoacoustic, piezoelectric signal for ceramics and the influence of the given external loading on the behavior of the photoacoustic signal near the radial crack tips is investigated. It is experimentally shown that both compressive and shear stresses contribute to the photoacoustic signal near the radial crack tips. The model of the photoacoustic, thermoelastic effect in solids with residual stress is proposed. It is based on the modified Murnaghan model of non-linear elastic bodies, which takes into account a possible dependence of the thermoelastic constant on stress. This model is further developed to explain the photoacoustic signal behavior near the radial crack tips. It is demonstrated that this model of the photoacoustic effect agrees qualitatively with the available experimental data.
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