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Thin film samples (d ≈40 nm) of tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C), deposited by filtered cathodic vacuum arc, were implanted with Ga⁺ at ion energy E =20 keV and ion fluences D=3×10¹⁴-3×10¹⁵ cm¯² and N⁺ with the same energy and ion fluence D=3×10¹⁴ cm¯². The Ga⁺ ion beam induced surface structural modification of the implanted material, displayed by formation of new phase at non-equilibrium condition, which could be accompanied by considerable changes in the optical properties of the ta-C films. The N⁺ implantation also results in modification of the surface structure. The induced structural modification of the implanted material results in a considerable change of its topography and optical properties. Nanoscale topography and structural properties characterisation of the Ga⁺ and N⁺ implanted films were performed using atomic spectroscopy analysis. The observed considerable surface structural properties modification in the case of the higher fluence Ga⁺ implanted samples results from the relatively high concentration of introduced Ga⁺ atoms, which is of the order of those for the host element.
EN
Utilization of agricultural waste material with approach to enhance the heavy metal remediation properties by carbonizing the biomass at nano size particles has been explored in present investigation from aqueous solutions. In this study the lignocellulosic, nitrogenous agricultural waste biomass Delbergia sissoo pods (DSP) has been tried for sequestering of Cd (II), Pb (II) and Ni (II) metal ions from aqueous solutions. Batch experiments were performed for removal of targeted metal ions keeping in consideration the preliminary affecting parameters such as effect of adsorption dose, pH, initial metal ion concentration, stirring speed and contact time. The sorption studies were analyzed by using, Freundlic isotherm and Langmuir isotherm models. The kinetics of the process was evaluated by pseudo pseudo-first order and pseudo second order kinetic models. Studies reveal that the equilibrium was achieved with in 30 min of the contact time at optimized parameters. Analytical studies of biosorbent were done by means of FT-IR, SEM and XRD. Desorption experiments were carried out using HCl solution with a view to regenerate the spent adsorbent and to recover the adsorbed metal ions.
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Topography and nanomechanical properties of Pd-C films

88%
EN
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) topographical studies and results of nanoindentation experiment for several palladium-carbon films (Pd-C film) deposited on various substrates and with varying palladium content are presented. Pd-C films were prepared by a physical vapor decomposition (PVD) process and next were modified by a chemical vapor decomposition (CVD) method to obtain carbonaceous porous structure with dispersed palladium nanograins and a variation in roughness. The dependence of film topography on the kind of substrate such as Al2O3, Mo polycrystalline foil and fused silica was studied by AFM. Nanomechanical properties such as hardness and the reduced indentation modulus were determined by nanoindentation. A comparison of these values for films with different Pd content deposited on various substrates is presented.
EN
In this work, the differences in nanomechanical properties, topography and morphology of carbonpalladium (C-Pd) films were studied. These films were prepared with a Physical Vapour Deposition method on various substrates with different technological parameters. We show that duration of the PVD process is a crucial factor affecting the palladium content in these films. The differences in thickness of films depend on the distance between source boats and substrates. The nanomechanical properties of C-Pd films were studied with nanoindentation. Their topography and morphology was ascertained with Atomic Force Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. It was found that the mechanical properties of C-Pd films depend on the content of palladium and on the morphology and topography of these films. The various types of carbon-palladium films containing palladium nanograins incorporated in a carbon matrix that were, investigated in this paper, seem to be promising materials for numerous applications.
EN
The paper describes the preparation and characteristics of films composed of Pd nanograins placed in carbonaceous matrix. Films were obtained in PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) process from two sources containing: the first one - fullerene powder and the second one - palladium acetate. The topographical, morphological and structural changes due to different parameters of PVD process were studied with the use of Atomic Force Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy, whereas the structure was studied with the application of the Transmission Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy methods. It was shown that topographical changes are connected with the decomposition ratio of Pd acetate as well as the form of carbonaceous matrix formed due to this decomposition. Palladium nanograins found in all films exhibit the fcc structure type and their diameter changes from 2 nm to 40 nm depending on the PVD process parameters.
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