Search results

1

Proximate composition, antioxidant activities and fatty acid profiling of selected Mushrooms collected from Azad Jammu and Kashmir

100%

Shahid M., Fatima H., Anjum F., Riaz M.

Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research

|

2020

|

vol. 77

|

issue 1

145-153

EN

Mushrooms can be used in diet as nutraceutical or functional foods for promoting and maintaining health quality and health longevity. Mushrooms just like medicinal plants can be utilized in the form of powder or extract as curative agents of several diseases and in providing a healthy diet. In current study, ten different mushroom species were collected from Azad Jammu and Kashmir. The selected mushrooms were assessed for their nutritional value, biological activities and fatty acid profiling. Before extraction, proximate analysis of all selected mushrooms was performed. Protein, fat, ash and total carbohydrate contents ranged from 10-30%, 0.43-8.08%, 1.1-9.14%, 12.47-92.52%, respectively. Then mushrooms were extracted with three different solvents n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol for the assessment of their antioxidant potentials through different antioxidant assays like total phenolics, total flavonoid contents and DPPH inhibition assay. The order of antioxidant potential in different solvent is methanol>Ethyl acetate>n-hexane. Quantification of fatty acids by GC/MS analysis revealed that stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linolenic acid were present in significant quantity in different mushrooms and unsaturated fatty acids were found abundant over saturated fatty acids in all the selected mushrooms. So presence of fatty acids in studied samples is one of the main biologically active ingredients from mushrooms. The study concluded that the selected mushrooms from different regions of Azad Jammu and Kashmir are of nutritional importance having significant antioxidant potential and contains several unsaturated fatty acids which contribute to the nutritional value of mushrooms.

2

Probiotics, prebiotics and antioxidants as functional foods

100%

Grajek W., Olejnik A., Sip A.

|

2005

|

vol. 52

|

issue 3

665-671

EN

The term "functional foods" comprises some bacterial strains and products of plant and animal origin containing physiologically active compounds beneficial for human health and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Among the best known functional compounds probiotics, prebiotics and natural antioxidants should be given as examples. These substances can be obtained by biotechnological methods and by extraction from plant or animal tissues.

3

Response of the pea roots defense systems to the two-element combinations of metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb)

100%

Malecka A., Piechalak A., Zielińska B., Kutrowska A., Tomaszewska B.

|

2014

|

vol. 61

|

issue 1

23-28

EN

The presence of the single metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn) induces ROS (reactive oxygen species) production and causes oxidative stress in plants. While applied in two-element combinations, trace metals impact organisms in a more complex way. To assess the resultant effect we treated the pea grown hydroponically with the trace metals in variants: CuPb, CuCd, CuZn, PbCd, ZnPb, ZnCd in concentrations of 25 µM for each metal ion. Abiotic stress inhibited root elongation growth, decreased biomass production, induced changes in root colour and morphology. It changed rate of ROS production, malondialdehyde content, increased activity and altered gene expression of defence enzymes (superoxide dysmutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase).

4

Correlation between mammalian cell cytotoxicity of flavonoids and the redox potential of phenoxyl radical/phenol couple

100%

Marozienė A., Nemeikaitė-Čėnienė A., Vidžiūnaitė R., Čėnas N.

|

2012

|

vol. 59

|

issue 2

299-306

EN

Flavonoids exhibit prooxidant cytotoxicity in mammalian cells due to the formation of free radicals and oxidation products possessing quinone or quinomethide structure. However, it is unclear how the cytotoxicity of flavonoids depends on the ease of their single-electron oxidation in aqueous medium, i.e., the redox potential of the phenoxyl radical/phenol couple. We verified the previously calculated redox potentials for several flavonoids according to their rates of reduction of cytochrome c and ferricyanide, and proposed experimentally-based values of redox potentials for myricetin, fisetin, morin, kaempferol, galangin, and naringenin. We found that the cytotoxicity of flavonoids (n=10) in bovine leukemia virus-transformed lamb kidney fibroblasts (line FLK) and murine hepatoma (line MH-22a) increases with a decrease in their redox potential of the phenoxyl radical/phenol couple and an increase in their lipophilicity. Their cytotoxicity was decreased by antioxidants and inhibitors of cytochromes P-450, α-naphthoflavone and isoniazide, and increased by an inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase, 3,5-dinitrocatechol. It shows that although the prooxidant action of flavonoids may be the main factor in their cytotoxicity, the hydroxylation and oxidative demethylation by cytochromes P-450 and O-methylation by catechol-O-methyltransferase can significantly modulate the cytotoxicity of the parent compounds.

5

Life with Oxidative Stress

100%

Gurda D., Kietrys A. M., Szopa A., Twardowski T.

Chemical and Process Engineering

|

2012

|

vol. 33

|

issue 4

509-528

EN

Incomplete oxygen reduction gives rise to reactive oxygen species (ROS). For a long time they have been considered unwelcome companions of aerobic metabolism. Organisms using oxygen developed several systems of ROS scavenging with enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidants, which allow them control the cellular level of oxygen derived from free radicals. It is well established nowadays that ROS are not necessarily negative byproducts, but they also play an important role in cellular mechanisms. They are involved in many regular cellular processes in all aerobic organisms. When the antioxidant system is overcome and the balance between ROS production and scavenging is disrupted, oxidative stress occurs. It has been reported that oxidative stress may be linked to some human diseases and is also involved in biotic and abiotic stress response in plants.

6

Pretreatment with diallylsulphide modulates mercury-induced neurotoxicity in male rats

100%

Ansar S.

|

2015

|

vol. 62

|

issue 3

599-603

EN

Many studies have reported on the toxicity and related oxidative stress of mercury. Antioxidants play an important role in counteracting metal-induced neurotoxicity under in vivo conditions. In this study, the effect of diallylsulphide (DAS) was evaluated on mercuric chloride induced activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione content in brains of rats. Pretreatment of rats with DAS in the Hg-treated group also inhibited an increase in lipid peroxidation and elevated acetyl cholinesterase and glutathione content. Activities of antioxidant enzymes were also restored concomitantly when compared to the control rats after DAS administration. DAS also caused a decrease in tumor necrosis factor-α level which was higher in HgCl2-treated group. The results indicate that DAS augments antioxidant defense with anti-inflammatory response against HgCl2-induced neurotoxicity. The increased level of antioxidant enzymes enhances the antioxidant potential of the organ to reduce oxidative stress.

7

Green tea and comprehensive healing properties of polyphenols

100%

Grzywacz A.

Medicina Internacia Revuo

|

2012

|

vol. 25

|

issue 98

3-13

EN

Tea, Camellia sinensis L. is the most widely drunk beverage in the world. Comprehensive healing properties of this refreshing, mildly stimulating drink are known in traditional medicine dating back almost 5000 years. Tea healing and disease prevention mechanism is mostly based on antioxidant properties. Tea beverage is a rich source of polyphenols, especially catechins which are very powerful antioxidants. The most abundant catechins in tea beverage are epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin 3-gallate (ECG), and epicatechin (EC). Many investigations i.e. population-based, screening, involving patients and also with animal or cell models, show many valuable pharmacological properties of tea. It is proved by numerous studies that drinking tea or taking tea extracts can prevent chronic diseases, including coronary heart disease and many types of cancer. It can also help with diabetes, hypertension and obesity and may contribute to inflammation reduce. Better understanding of tea healing properties could help reduce high costs of medical care, improve treatment of lifestyle diseases, and transform tea beverage into an evidence based functional food.

8

The synthesis and the structure elucidation of N,O-diacetyl derivative of cyclic 3-hydroxymelatonin

100%

Siwicka A., Reiter R., Tian D., Wojtasiewicz K., Leniewski A., Maurin J., Błachut D., Czarnocki Z.

Open Chemistry

|

2004

|

vol. 2

|

issue 3

425-433

EN

Melatonin was subjected to an oxidation to give 3-hydroxymelatonin. All spectroscopic data for this compound were collected. Ab initio calculations for both possible configurations were performed. X-ray data on N,O-diacetyl derivative of 3-hydroxymelatonin allowed the unambigous structure determination.

9

CARDIOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF GREEN TEA EXTRACT ON DOXORUBICIN-INDUCED CARDIOTOXICITY IN RATS

88%

KHAN G., HAQUE S. E., ANWER T., AHSAN M. N., SAFHI M. M., ALAM M. F.

Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research

|

2014

|

vol. 71

|

issue 5

861-868

EN

The in vivo antioxidant properties of green tea extract (GTE) were investigated against doxorubicin (DOX) induced cardiotoxicity in rats. In this experiment, 48 Wistar albino rats (200ñ250 g) were divided into eight groups (n = 6). Control group received normal saline for 30 days. Cardiotoxicity was induced by DOX (20 mg/kg i.p.), once on 29th day of study and were treated with GTE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) for 30 days. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lipid peroxidation (LPO), cytochrome P450 (CYP), blood glutathione, tissue glutathione, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were evaluated along with histopathological studies. DOX treated rats showed a significant increased levels of AST, CK, LDH, LPO and CYP, which were restored by oral administration of GTE at doses 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg for 30 days. Moreover, GTE administration significantly increased the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione s-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), in heart, which were reduced by DOX treatment. In this study, we have found that oral administration of GTE prevented DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by accelerating heart antioxidant defense mechanisms and down regulating the LPO levels to the normal levels.

10

Hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of Aframomum melegueta on ethanol-induced toxicity in rats

88%

Nwozo S. O., Oyinloye B. E.

|

2011

|

vol. 58

|

issue 3

355-358

EN

In recent years there have been remarkable developments in the prevention of diseases, especially with regards to the role of free radicals and antioxidants. Ethanol-induced oxidative stress appears to be one mechanism by which ethanol causes liver injury. The protective effect of aqueous plant extract of Aframomum melegueta on ethanol-induced toxicity was investigated in male Wistar rats. The rats were treated with 45 % ethanol (4.8 g/kg b.w.t.) for 16 days to induce alcoholic diseases in the liver. The activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and triglyceride were monitored and the histological changes in liver examined in order to evaluate the protective effects of the plant extract. Hepatic malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione, as well as superoxide dismutase and glutathione-S-transferase activities were determined for the antioxidant status. Chronic ethanol administration resulted in a statistically significant elevation of serum alanine aminotransferases and triglyceride levels, as well as a decrease in reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase which was dramatically attenuated by the co-administration of the plant extract. Histological changes were related to these indices. Co-administration of the plant extract suppressed the elevation of lipid peroxidation, restored the reduced glutathion, and enhanced the superoxide dismutase activity. These results highlight the ability of Aframomum melegueta to ameliorate oxidative damage in the liver and the observed effects are associated with its antioxidant activities.

11

The role of B vitamins in the development and progression of age-related macular degeneration

88%

Figurska M.

|

issue 3

183-189

EN

In recent years, the importance of B vitamins as biologically active nutrients with potential effects preventing the development and progression of age-related macular degeneration has been analysed. This work is a review of the current literature from the last 10 years, dealing with the subject of the properties of B vitamins and research providing epidemiological data on its intake and plasma concentration and their impact on the disease in patients with macular degeneration. The review confirms the important beneficial role of B vitamins in limiting the development and progression of macular degeneration. Although further randomized trials are needed to evaluate diet and determine selected plasma antioxidants over a longer, at least several years’ period while taking into account a number of risk factors for modifiable and determine selected plasma antioxidants over a longer, at least several years’ period while taking into account a number of risk factors for modifiable and non-modifiable macular degeneration.

12

The effect of Topotecan on oxidative stress in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line

88%

Timur M., Halide Akbas S., Ozben T.

|

2005

|

vol. 52

|

issue 4

897-902

EN

Purpose. Topotecan, a semisynthetic water-soluble derivative of camptothecin exerts its cytotoxic effect by inhibiting topoisomerase I and causes double-strand DNA breaks which inhibit DNA function and ultimately lead to cell death. In previous studies it was shown that camptothecin causes ROS formation. The aim of this study was to investigate if Topotecan like camptotecin causes oxidative stress in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. Determining the oxidant effect of Topotecan may elucidate a possible alternative mechanism for its cytotoxicity. Experimental design. MCF-7 cells were cultured and exposed to Topotecan for 24 h at 37°C. The viability of the cells (% of control) was measured using the colorimetric 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Lipid peroxidation (TBARS), protein oxidation (carbonyl content), sulfhydryl, glutathione (GSH) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were determined in MCF-7 cells with and without Topotecan incubation. Results. We found the IC50 concentration of Topotecan as 0.218 µM in MCF-7 cells. This concentration of Topotecan was used in the incubations of the cells. Our data indicated increased oxidative status, as revealed by increased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, and decreased GSH and sulfhydryl levels in MCF-7 cells exposed to Topotecan compared to control cells. In contrast, there was a slight increase in SOD and a significant increase in GPx and catalase activity in MCF-7 cells incubated with Topotecan compared to the control. Conclusions. These results support our hypothesis that Topotecan increases oxidative stress in MCF-7 cells.

13

Life with Oxidative Stress

88%

Twardowski T., Gurda D., Kietrys A. M., Szopa A.

Chemical and Process Engineering

|

2012

|

issue 4

14

Characterization of thiamine uptake and utilization in Candida spp. subjected to oxidative stress

88%

Wolak N., Tomasi M., Kozik A., Rapala-Kozik M.

|

2015

|

vol. 62

|

issue 3

445-455

EN

Candida species are associated with an increasing number of life-threatening infections (candidiases), mainly due to the high resistance of these yeast-like fungi to antifungal drugs and oxidative stress. Recently, thiamine (vitamin B1) was found to alleviate stress responses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae; however, thiamine influence on defense systems in pathogenic fungi has never been investigated. The current work was aimed to elucidate the role of thiamine in stress reactions of C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and C. dubliniensis, subjected to hydrogen peroxide treatment. As compared to S. cerevisiae, Candida strains exposed to oxidative stress showed: (i) a much higher dependence on exogenous thiamine; (ii) an increased demand for thiamine diphosphate (TDP) and TDP-dependent enzyme, transketolase; (iii) no changes in gene expression of selected stress markers - superoxide dismutase and catalase - depending on thiamine availability in medium; (iv) a similar decrease of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the presence of thiamine. Moreover, the addition of therapeutic doses of thiamine to yeast culture medium revealed differences in its accumulation between various Candida species. The current findings implicate that the protective action of thiamine observed in S. cerevisiae differs significantly form that in pathogenic Candida strains, both in terms of the cofactor functions of TDP and the effects on fungal defense systems.

15

TYROSINASE INHIBITORY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF WILD ROSA CANINA L. AND SORBUS AUCUPARIA L. FRUIT EXTRACTS

88%

Stanković M. I., Savić V. L., Živković J. V., Stanojević L. P., Tadić V. M., Arsić I. A.

Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research

|

2019

|

vol. 76

|

issue 3

523-533

EN

In the present work, fruits from two plant species, Rosa canina L. and Sorbus aucuparia L., popular in traditional folk medicine in Serbia, were studied. The aim was to examine and compare the efficiency of the ultrasonic extraction with different solvents regarding physicochemical properties, polyphenolic profile of extracts, as well as their tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant activity. The polyphenols evaluation indicated that water was the best solvent for a thorough extraction of bioactive compounds from the R. canina fruits, while propylene glycol-water (45:55, v/v) was the most efficient regarding S. aucuparia fruits, followed by ethanol-water (7:3, v/v). Only flavonoids were more abundant in S. aucuparia fruit extracts. R. canina water extracts showed a higher antioxidant activity, using several in vitro tests with different working principles. However, S. aucuparia ultrasonic extracts with propylene glycol-water (45:55, v/v) demonstrated a higher potential concerning tyrosinase inhibitory and chelating activity. Therefore, these ultrasonic extracts, being great sources of natural anti-tyrosinase inhibitors and antioxidants, can be considered as promising candidates suitable for pharmaceutical application, as great sources of natural anti-tyrosinase inhibitors and antioxidants.

16

Antifungal and plant growth promoting activity of Trichoderma spp. against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici colonizing tomato

88%

Jamil A., Jamil A.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

|

2021

|

vol. 61

|

issue 3

17

Yeast as a biosensor for antioxidants: simple growth tests employing a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant defective in superoxide dismutase

88%

Żyracka E., Zadrąg R., Kozioł S., Krzepiłko A., Bartosz G., Biliński T.

|

EN

Mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae devoid of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase are hypersensitive to a range of oxidants, hyperbaric oxygen and hyperosmotic media, show lysine and methionine auxotrophy when grown under the atmosphere of air and have a shortened replicative life span when compared to the wild-type strain. Ascorbate and other antioxidants can ameliorate these defects, which may be a basis of simple tests sensing the presence of antioxidants. In particular, tests of growth on solid medium (colony formation) in the absence of methionine and/or lysine, or in the presence of 0.8 M NaCl can be useful for detection and semiquantitative estimation of compounds of antioxidant properties. Hypoxic atmosphere was found to increase the sensitivity of detection of antioxidants. The test of abolishment of lysine auxotrophy showed a concentration dependence of the antioxidant effects of cysteine and N-acetylcysteine which, however, lost their protective action at high concentration, in contrast to glutathione which was effective also at higher concentrations.

18

Cytotoxicity of β-carotene cleavage products and its prevention by antioxidants

88%

Alija A. J., Bresgen N., Bojaxhi E., Vogl C., Siems W., Eckl P. M.

|

2010

|

vol. 57

|

issue 2

217-221

EN

When we investigated the genotoxicity of β-carotene cleavage products (CPs) in primary rat hepatocytes stimulated to proliferate, we observed dose-dependent increases of chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges and micronuclei. In contrast to other genotoxic substances, however, this increased genotoxicity was not accompanied by increased cytotoxicity. As a consequence we observed metaphases showing massive chromosomal damage, indicating inhibition of apoptosis by CPs enabling these cells to proceed in the cell cycle. Since proliferative stimulation by growth factors may support this effect, the in vitro toxicological effects of CPs were studied on proliferatively quiescent primary rat hepatocytes. A significant increase of both apoptosis and necrosis was found. Supplementation with antioxidants did not significantly lower the level of apoptosis, while the level of necrosis was significantly reduced by Trolox and N-acetylcysteine at all concentrations tested as well as ascorbic acid (50 µM) and a combination of Trolox (50 µM) and ascorbic acid (50 µM). These observations indicate that a) the cytotoxic potential in combination with the genotoxic potential of CPs may promote the initiation of cells due to compensatory cell division in exposed tissues and may aggravate inflammatory processes under chronic exposure, and b) the applied antioxidants may protect from cytotoxicity primarily via the detoxification of aldehydic β-carotene cleavage products.

19

Histopathological changes and oxidative damage in hepatic tissue of rats experimentally infected with Babesia bigemina

75%

Esmaeilnejad B., Tavassoli M., Samiei A., Abbasi A., Shafipour A., Esmaeilnejad N.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

|

2018

|

vol. 21

|

issue 3

20

Structural aspects of the antioxidant activity of lutein in a model of photoreceptor membranes

75%

Wisniewska-Becker A., Nawrocki G., Duda M., Subczynski W. K.

|

2012

|

vol. 59

|

issue 1

119-124

EN

It was shown that in membranes containing raft domains, the macular xanthophylls lutein and zeaxanthin are not distributed uniformly, but are excluded from saturated raft domains and about ten times more concentrated in unsaturated bulk lipids. The selective accumulation of lutein and zeaxanthin in direct proximity to unsaturated lipids, which are especially susceptible to lipid peroxidation, could be very important as far as their antioxidant activity is concerned. Therefore, the protective role of lutein against lipid peroxidation was investigated in membranes made of raft-forming mixtures and in models of photoreceptor outer segment membranes and compared with their antioxidant activity in homogeneous membranes composed of unsaturated lipids. Lipid peroxidation was induced by photosensitized reactions using rose Bengal and monitored by an MDA-TBA test, an iodometric assay, and oxygen consumption (using EPR spectroscopy and the mHCTPO spin label as an oxygen probe). The results show that lutein protects unsaturated lipids more effectively in membranes made of raft-forming mixtures than in homogeneous membranes. This suggests that the selective accumulation of macular xanthophylls in the most vulnerable regions of photoreceptor membranes may play an important role in enhancing their antioxidant properties and ability to prevent age-related macular diseases (such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD)).

Refine search results

Proximate composition, antioxidant activities and fatty acid profiling of selected Mushrooms collected from Azad Jammu and Kashmir

Probiotics, prebiotics and antioxidants as functional foods

Response of the pea roots defense systems to the two-element combinations of metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb)

Correlation between mammalian cell cytotoxicity of flavonoids and the redox potential of phenoxyl radical/phenol couple

Life with Oxidative Stress

Pretreatment with diallylsulphide modulates mercury-induced neurotoxicity in male rats

Green tea and comprehensive healing properties of polyphenols

The synthesis and the structure elucidation of N,O-diacetyl derivative of cyclic 3-hydroxymelatonin

CARDIOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF GREEN TEA EXTRACT ON DOXORUBICIN-INDUCED CARDIOTOXICITY IN RATS

Hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of Aframomum melegueta on ethanol-induced toxicity in rats

The role of B vitamins in the development and progression of age-related macular degeneration

The effect of Topotecan on oxidative stress in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line

Life with Oxidative Stress

Characterization of thiamine uptake and utilization in Candida spp. subjected to oxidative stress

TYROSINASE INHIBITORY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF WILD ROSA CANINA L. AND SORBUS AUCUPARIA L. FRUIT EXTRACTS

Antifungal and plant growth promoting activity of Trichoderma spp. against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici colonizing tomato

Yeast as a biosensor for antioxidants: simple growth tests employing a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant defective in superoxide dismutase

Cytotoxicity of β-carotene cleavage products and its prevention by antioxidants

Histopathological changes and oxidative damage in hepatic tissue of rats experimentally infected with Babesia bigemina

Structural aspects of the antioxidant activity of lutein in a model of photoreceptor membranes