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Repair of the peripheral nerve gap with epineural sheath conduit to prevent muscle denervation atrophy in the diabetic rat model

100%
Łukaszuk M., Kwiecień G., Madajka M., Uygur S., Drews M., Siemionow M.
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vol. 85
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issue 7
387-394
EN
Muscle denervation atrophy is a result of lower motor neuron injury, thus an early restitution of muscle stimulation is essential in prevention of atrophic changes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the new application of naturally occurring epineural sheath conduit in repair of the peripheral nerve gap to prevent development of muscle denervation atrophy. Material and methods. We used the model of 20 mm sciatic nerve gap, resulting in denervation atrophy of the gastrocnemius muscle in the diabetic rats (DM type 2, n=42, Zucker Diabetic Fatty strain). We applied the epineural sheath conduit created from the autologous sciatic nerve for gap repair. Muscle atrophy was assessed with the Gastrocnemius Muscle Index (GMI) and microscopic muscle morphometry (mean fiber area) at 6 and 12 postoperative week. Muscle regeneration in the experimental group was compared to the gold-standard technique of autologous nerve grafting for the repair of created nerve gap. Results. The GMI evaluation revealed comparable muscle mass restoration in groups with nerve repair using both epineural sheath and standard autologous nerve grafting (reaching 28 and 35% of contralateral muscle mass at 12 postoperative week, respectively, p=0.1), and significantly better restoration when compared to the negative control group (no repair, 20%, p<0.01). Micromorphometry confirmed significantly larger area of the regenerated muscle fibers in groups with both nerve grafting and epineural sheath conduit repair (reaching for both ca. 42% of the non-operated side), when compared to severe atrophic outcome when no nerve repair was performed (14% of the control fiber area, p<0.0001). The effectiveness of epineural conduit technique in muscle mass restoration was observed between 6 and 12 weeks after nerve repair - when gastrocnemius muscle mass increased by 12%. Conclusions. Peripheral nerve gap repair with naturally occurring epineural sheath conduit is effective in prevention of muscle denervation atrophy. This method is applicable in diabetic model conditions, showing results of regeneration which are comparable to the autologous nerve graft repair
2
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The influence of an opioid on the course of reparative processes

100%
Mateshuk-Vatseba L., Diskovskyi I.
Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences
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2015
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vol. 28
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issue 1
46-50
EN
The objective of our work is to examine the influence of prolonged administration of an opioid, on the course of the reparative process of a multiple post-injection wound inflicted upon a white rat’s skin, doing so by way of using light microscopy. The studies were carried out on 24 mature white male rats, aged 4.5-7.5 months, with weights of 130-150 g. For histological examination, the skin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The preparations were studied and photographed at the magnification of ob.х8, ey.x15 and ob.x40, ey.x10. The «Aver Media» computer system was employed for micropreparations photography. The set levels of light microscopy reveal that the administration of an opioid for a 2 week period does not affect the reparative process of a multiple post-injection wound. Moreover, in most wound canals, the formation of a complete regenerate can be seen. However, after 4 weeks of nalbufin administration, the processes of wound healing slowed and were complicated by the formation of microabscesses. After 6 weeks of opioid administration, destructive changes in the skin were detected. These, in turn, led to the incomplete regenerate formation in the multiple postinjection wound. The experimental results, hence, show the negative effect of prolonged administration of opioid on the reparative processes in the skin.
3
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Effects of acute lipopolysaccharide-induced toxemia model on some neglected blood parameters

75%
Adam G. O., Lee H. R., Lee S. J., Kim S. J., Kim G. B., Kang H. S., Adam G. O., Lee H. R., Lee S. J., Kim S. J., Kim G. B., Kang H. S.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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2018
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vol. 21
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issue 4
4
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High-field magnetic resonance imaging of a normal anatomy of the rabbit common calcanean tendon

75%
Skalec A., Janeczek M., Skalec A., Janeczek M.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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2019
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issue 2
5
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Evaluation of mechanisms of therapeutic impact of joint manipulation based on the results of experimental studies

51%
Szajkowski S., Dwornik M., Pasek J., Cieślar G.
Medical Rehabilitation
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2019
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vol. 23(4)
47-53
PL
Manipulacje stawów kręgosłupa to forma leczenia bólu kręgosłupa o różnej etiologii. Najpowszechniejszą formą jest: HVLA (High Velocity Low Amplitude); (ICD-9 nr 93.62), która znajduje powszechne zastosowanie w codziennej praktyce klinicznej. HVLA wykorzystuje bodziec mechaniczny który charakteryzuje duża prędkość, krótki czas trwania i mała amplituda przemieszczenia względem siebie powierzchni stawowych. Pomimo długiej historii stosowania, mechanizmy biologicznego oddziaływania nadal pozostają niewystarczająco wyjaśnione. W pracy przeglądowej dokonano weryfikacji hipotez dotyczących mechanizmu leczniczego oddziaływania HVLA na podstawie analizy doniesień naukowych dostępnych w bazie PubMed przedstawiających wyniki badań doświadczalnych na modelach zwierzęcych. Do celów wyszukiwania użyto następujących słów kluczowych: HVLA, manipulacja kręgosłupa, badania doświadczalne, leczenie osteopatyczne. Szczególną uwagę skupiono na pracach badających podstawowe mechanizmy biologiczne. Analiza doniesień naukowych ostatnich lat wykazała, że brak jest bezpośrednich dowodów wskazujących na konieczność uzyskania zjawiska kawitacji podczas wykonywania zabiegów HVLA. Ponadto badania na modelu zwierzęcym dowodzą, że HVLA są procedurami bezpiecznymi i nieinwazyjnymi z punktu widzenia biomechaniki. Hamują one rozwój hiperalgezji i allodynii, co potwierdziły liczne badania immunohistochemiczne. Badania doświadczalne wykazały jednoznacznie, że więcej niż jeden mechanizm biologiczny jest odpowiedzialny za uzyskiwane efekty terapeutyczne HVLA a reakcje pacjenta na terapię są złożone i osobniczo zmienne.
EN
Spine joint manipulation is a form of osteopathic treatment for spinal pain with various aetiologies. The most common form of these manoeuvres is HVLA (High Velocity Low Amplitude); (ICD-9 No. 93.62), which is widely used in everyday clinical practice by qualified physiotherapists and osteopaths. HVLA utilises a mechanical manipulative stimulus characterised by high speed, short duration and low amplitude of displacement of joint surfaces with respect to each other. Despite the long history of its usage, the mechanisms of their biological impact are still insufficiently explained. In this review, hypotheses concerning the therapeutic mechanism of HVLA impact were verified based on the analysis of scientific reports available in the PubMed and Medline databases. Reports have been discussed presenting theoretical mechanisms of the influence of HVLA techniques and experimental work taking up the issues of manipulation carried out on animal materials. Particular attention was focused on research examining basic biological mechanisms being the basis for explaining the observed clinical effects. The analysis of scientific reports in recent years has shown that there is no direct evidence pointing to the need for obtaining the phenomenon of cavitation during HVLA procedures. Moreover, research on animal models proves that HVLA are safe and non-invasive procedures from the point of view of biomechanics. They inhibit the development of hyperalgesia and allodynia as confirmed by immunohistochemical studies. Previous experimental studies have clearly shown that more than one biological mechanism is responsible for the obtained effects of HVLA therapy, and the patients' reactions to therapy are complex and individually variable.
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