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1

Anaerobic and aerobic performance of elite female and male snowboarders

100%

Żebrowska A., Żyła D., Kania D., Langfort J.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2012

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vol. 34

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issue 1

81-88

EN

The physiological adaptation to training is specific to the muscle activity, dominant energy system involved, muscle groups trained, as well as intensity and volume of training. Despite increasing popularity of snowboarding only little scientific data is available on the physiological characteristics of female and male competitive snowboarders. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the aerobic capacity and maximal anaerobic power of elite Polish snowboarders with untrained subjects. Ten snowboarders and ten aged matched students of Physical Education performed two exercise tests. First, a 30-second Wingate test was conducted and next, a cycle ergometer exercise test with graded intensity. In the first test, peak anaerobic power, the total work, relative peak power and relative mean power were measured. During the second test, relative maximal oxygen uptake and lactate threshold were evaluated. There were no significant differences in absolute and relative maximal oxygen uptake between snowboarders and the control group. Mean maximal oxygen uptake and lactate threshold were significantly higher in men than in women. Significant differences were found between trained men and women regarding maximal power and relative maximal power. The elite snowboarders demonstrated a high level of anaerobic power. The level of relative peak power in trained women correlated negatively with maximal oxygen uptake. In conclusion, our results seem to indicate that the demanding competition program of elite snowboarders provides a significant training stimulus mainly for anaerobic power with minor changes in anaerobic performance.

2

The Effect of Different Recovery Duration on Repeated Anaerobic Performance in Elite Cyclists

100%

Harbili S.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2015

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vol. 49

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issue 1

171-178

EN

This study investigated the effect of recovery duration on repeated anaerobic performance in elite cyclists. The study followed a cross-over design protocol. Twelve elite male cyclists were randomly assigned to three groups (with recovery duration of 1, 2 and 3 min, respectively). All the subjects performed 4 repeated Wingate tests (4 × 30 s WT) at 48 h intervals for three different recovery periods. No significant interaction was observed between the effects of recovery duration and repetition (p>0.05), whereas there was a significant main effect of repetition on peak power, mean power, and a fatigue index (p<0.05). Peak power decreased significantly in repeated WTs with 1 and with 2 min recovery duration (p<0.05), but it did not change significantly in a repeated WT with 3 min recovery (p>0.05). In contrast, mean power decreased significantly in repeated WTs with 1, 2 and 3 min recovery duration (p<0.05). The fatigue index increased significantly in a repeated WT with 1 min recovery duration (p<0.05), but no significant difference was observed in the fatigue index in repeated WTs with 2 and 3 min recovery (p>0.05). In a 4 × 30 s WT, peak power decreased in cycles with 1 and 2 min recovery duration, but remained unchanged with 3 min recovery duration, whereas mean power decreased in all recovery duration procedures. The WT with 1 min recovery duration caused greater fatigue. Although recovery duration affected both peak power and mean power, the effect on peak power was greater.

3

The Effects of Terminating Creatine Supplementation and Resistance Training on Anaerobic Power and Chosen Biochemical Variables in Male Subjects

100%

Poprzecki S., Zając A., Czuba M., Waskiewicz Z.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2008

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vol. 20

99-110

EN

The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of alkaline creatine supplementation and resistance training termination on anaerobic power and chosen biochemical variables in men. Twenty-three untrained male subjects, which participated in this study, were divided into supplemented (S) (n=13, age 21.4±2.3 y) and placebo (PL) (n=10, age 22.1±2.6 y) groups. The participants from both groups performed resistance training 3 times a week, while subjects from group S were supplemented with alkaline creatine (ACr) for 4 weeks on their training day's with 66.8 mg/kg b.m., and on non training day's with 33.8 mg/kg b.m.To evaluate anaerobic power, the 30s Wingate test was applied. The following variables were registered: relative mean power - RMP (W/kg), relative peak power - RPP (W/kg), time of reaching peak power - TRPP (s) and relative total work - RTW (J/kg). The test was administrated 5 times - before and after 4 weeks of training and supplementation, as well as the first, second and third week after terminating creatine intake and the resistance exercise protocol. Body mass and body composition was also evaluated during the same time span. Blood samples were drawn at rest before the Wingate test for the assessment of IGF-1, hGH, LA and CrN concentration, as well as creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities. Supplementation with alkaline creatine, combined with a progressive resistance training program, did not significantly influence (ANOVA) the level of RMP (p=0.49), RPP (p=0.31), TRPP (p=0.51), and RTW (p=0.58) in untrained male subjects. In the supplemental group, there was a significant decrease (p<0.01) in TRPP following creatine supplementation and training, yet these values were not significantly different from the control group. The supplementation and training protocol did not influence significantly body mass (p=0.68), yet post hoc analysis indicate a significant increase in body mass (p<0.001) only in group S. The applied supplementation and training protocol did not influence (ANOVA) the concentration of serum CrN (p=0.81), hGH) (p=0.26), CK (p=0.49) and LDH (p=0.64) activities. No significant changes were observed in resting blood LA concentrations of the tested subjects. It can be concluded that the ergogenic effect of creatine intake and resistance training was maintained for a week after terminating supplementation and exercise. During the next 2 weeks de-adaptation occurred and most indices of anaerobic power returned to initial values.

4

The Relationship Between Muscle Strength, Anaerobic Performance, Agility, Sprint Ability and Vertical Jump Performance in Professional Basketball Players

88%

Alemdaroğlu U.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2012

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vol. 31

149-158

EN

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between isokinetic knee strength, anaerobic performance, sprinting ability, agility and vertical jump performance in first division basketball players. Twelve male first division basketball players participated in this study. The mean age was 25.1 ± 1.7 yrs; mean body height 194.8 ± 5.7 cm; mean body mass 92.3± 9.8 kg; mean PBF 10.1± 5.1; and mean VO2max 50.55 ± 6.7 ml/kg/min. Quadriceps and hamstrings were measured at 60° and 180°/s, anaerobic performance was evaluated using the Wingate anaerobic power test, sprint ability was determined by single sprint performance (10-30 m), jump performance was evaluated by countermovement (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) tests and agility performance was measured using the T drill agility test. Quadriceps strength was significantly correlated with peak power at all contraction velocities. However, for mean power, significant correlation was only found between the 60° left and 180° right knee quadriceps measurements. No measure of strength was significantly related to the measurements from/results of field tests. Moreover, strong relations were found between the performance of athletes in different field tests (p< 0.05). The use of correlation analysis is the limitation of the this study.

5

Anaerobic Power and Dependence on Chosen Anthropometric Parameters in Young Handball Players

88%

Łuszczyk M., Laskowski R., Ziemann E., Grzywacz T., Szczęsna-Kaczmarek A.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

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2009

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vol. 1

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issue 1

33-41

EN

Background: The main aim of the present study was an attempt to answer the enquiries concerning the influence of physical training on morphological changes (anthropometric indicators), capability of anaerobic work and their interactions with a natural development of youth in pubertal and post-pubertal age.Material/Methods: The technique of parallel groups was used: experimental (handball trained [TR]) and control (not trained [NT]). The research period comprised two consecutive years. Once per year selected somatic parameters, body composition, biological age, and anaerobic parameters were determined by means of 30 s Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT).Results: Results have shown the high intensity of boys' biological development in circumpubertal age in response to several years of training handball. A further analysis indicated smaller dispersion of parameters describing the growth and physiological development of the TR group than in NT. The results suggest that handball training caused a significant improvement in morphological and functional indicators. Consequently, capabilities of physical effort increase and a more harmonic development is achieved. Moreover, the results have shown that capabilities of anaerobic work in the TR group have differently depended on the time of progressive development, whereas in the NT group there has been an increase in these capabilities in relation to the age of the examined boys.Conclusions: Several years of handball training did not influence the increase in anaerobic efficiency of pre-pubertal age boys. On the other hand, handball training in pubertal and post-pubertal age boys caused a statistically significant increase in maximum anaerobic power (MPWAnT). A high positive correlation between weight and MPWAnT confirms a relationship between anaerobic power and body growth during puberty.

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The effect of glycerol supplements on aerobic and anaerobic performance of athletes and sedentary subjects

88%

Patlar S., Yalçin H., Boyali E.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2012

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vol. 34

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issue 1

69-79

EN

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of glycerol supplementation on aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance in sedentary subjects and athletes. The glycerol supplement treatments were as follows: 40 volunteers were selected and divided into two groups, sedentary and exercise groups. These two groups were further subdivided into two groups. The first group, the placebo (S), only consumed water; the second group (GS) consumed glycerol followed by water. Neither of these groups did any exercise for 20 days. The third and fourth groups consisted of the exercise group subjects; they were required to perform a 20-m shuttle run test every day for 20 days. The third group’s subjects, the placebo (E), only consumed water. The last group (GE) consumed glycerol followed by water. The Astrand Cycle Ergometer Test (ACET) was performed, and the Cosmed K4b2 portable gas analysis system was used to determine the aerobic capacity, while the Wingate Anaerobic Power Test (WAPT) was performed to determine the level of anaerobic power. The 20 Meter Shuttle Run Test (20MSRT) was performed after glycerol supplementation throughout the 20 days, and the exercise periods and distances were recorded. The glycerol supplement was found to have an increasing effect on aerobic and anaerobic performance in GS, E and GE. A similar effect was found for the covered distances and time in the same groups. However, an adverse effect was found on body weight.

7

Relationship Between Repeated Sprint Performance and both Aerobic and Anaerobic Fitness

88%

Dardouri W., Selmi M. A., Sassi R. H., Gharbi Z., Rebhi A., Yahmed M. H., Moalla W.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2014

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vol. 40

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issue 1

139-148

EN

The aims of this study were firstly, to examine the relationship between repeated sprint performance indices and anaerobic speed reserve (AnSR), aerobic fitness and anaerobic power and secondly, to identify the best predictors of sprinting ability among these parameters. Twenty nine subjects (age: 22.5 ± 1.6 years, body height: 1.8 ± 0.1 m, body mass: 68.8 ± 8.5 kg, body mass index (BMI): 22.2 ± 2.1 kg•m-2, fat mass: 11.3 ± 2.9 %) participated in this study. All participants performed a 30 m sprint test (T30) from which we calculated the maximal anaerobic speed (MAnS), vertical and horizontal jumps, 20m multi-stage shuttle run test (MSRT) and repeated sprint test (10 x 15 m shuttle run). AnSR was calculated as the difference between MAnS and the maximal speed reached in the MSRT. Blood lactate sampling was performed 3 min after the RSA protocol. There was no significant correlation between repeated sprint indices (total time (TT); peak time (PT), fatigue index (FI)) and both estimated VO2max and vertical jump performance). TT and PT were significantly correlated with T30 (r=0.63, p=0.001 and r=0.62, p=0.001; respectively), horizontal jump performance (r = -0.47, p = 0.001 and r = -0.49, p = 0.006; respectively) and AnSR (r=-0.68, p= 0.001 and r=-0.70, p=0.001, respectively). Significant correlations were found between blood lactate concentration and TT, PT, and AnSR (r=-0.44, p=0.017; r=-0.43, p=0.018 and r=0.44, p=0.016; respectively). Stepwise multiple regression analyses demonstrated that AnSR was the only significant predictor of the TT and PT, explaining 47% and 50% of the shared variance, respectively. Our findings are of particular interest for coaches and fitness trainers in order to predict repeated sprint performance by using AnSR that can easily identify the respective upper performance limits supported by aerobic and anaerobic power of a player involved in multi-sprint team sports.

8

Anaerobic performance in 30s Wingate test as one of the possible criteria for selection Czech hockey players into National Hockey League

88%

Heller J., Vodicka P., Janek M.

Physical Activity Review

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2019

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issue 7

57-62

EN

The selection into the National Hockey League (NHL) is based on criteria reflecting job analysis of a professional ice hockey player and the requirements of the game. Only few Czech elite ice hockey players succeed to participate in NHL and their number is decreasing in the last decade. Aim of Study: The aim of the study was to find out and evaluate the level of anaerobic readiness of Czech hockey forwards and defenders playing in the NHL and to compare their anaerobic performance with that in elite national hockey players from the Czech extra-league. Material and Methods: Results of 30s Wingate anaerobic test obtained in 26 forwards and 16 defenders, Czech hockey players from the NHL (from 2001/2002 to 2015/2016 seasons) were compared with the reference values of elite Czech ice hockey players. The comparison was based on the mean values, rate of dispersion, and effect sizes were calculated using Cohen's d coefficient. Results: In forwards, both absolute and relative values of peak power (PP) and anaerobic capacity (AnC) found in Czech players in NHL were higher (d>1) than in elite Czech national players. In defenders, only the value of AnC relative to body mass showed small effect (d=0.36), but absolute and relative values of PP and absolute value of AnC were higher (d>1) than in elite Czech national players. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that anaerobic readiness evaluated by 30s Wingate test may be, besides dominant on-ice skills, one of the criteria for entry to the top ice hockey competition.

9

Effect of Deer Antler Velvet on Aerobic, Anaerobic and Strength Performance

88%

Earnest C. P., Quindry J., Panton L., Broeder C.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2015

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vol. 9

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issue 1

17-26

EN

Deer antler velvet (DAV) supplementation purportedly increases athletic performance; however, little data support this claim. The primary aim of our study is to examine DAV and exercise performance. We randomized 32 men (18–35 y) participating exclusively in resistance training (>4 y) to 10-weeks of randomly assigned, double blind, DAV (1350 mg, 2×/day) or placebo treatments. Primary outcomes included maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max), maximal strength (1RM; bench press and squat) and anaerobic cycling power. Secondary outcomes included comprehensive blood profiles and body composition. We used general linear models to determine changes following treatment. Eighteen participants (n = 9) completed the study with DAV participants showing significant improvements in VO2max (4.30 ±0.45 to 4.72 ±0.60 L/min, P < 0.04). The placebo and DAV groups increased bench press and squat 1RM (both, P < 0.04); yet, when expressed relative to body mass, only the DAV group showed significant bench press (4%) and squat (10%; both, P < 0.02). Neither group improved cycling performance or showed adverse changes in blood chemistries. We did observe a significant reduction in LDL-C (12%) accompanying DAV supplementation and both groups significantly reduced percent body fat (P < 0.05). Our results suggest that DAV may have ergogenic effects in men participating solely in resistance training.

10

The Relationship Between the Yo-Yo Tests, Anaerobic Performance and Aerobic Performance in Young Soccer Players

88%

Karakoç B., Akalan C., Alemdaroğlu U., Arslan E.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2012

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vol. 35

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issue 1

81-88

EN

The purposes of this study were to determine the relationship between performance in the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YIRT1), the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 2 (YIRT2) and the Yo-Yo endurance test (continuous) (YET) with maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and Wingate anaerobic performance (WaNT) test results in young soccer players (age 15.00 ± 0.0 years, body height 176.3 ± 4.2 cm and body mass 68.1 ± 3.6 kg). An ergospirometry device was used during the treadmill test (TRT) to determine VO2max. At the end of the study, significant differences were found between the Yo-Yo tests and TRT in terms of HRmax (TRT = 195,92, YIRT1 = 197,83, YIRT2 = 198,5 YET = 198) (p > 0.05). While there were moderate correlations between VO2max and YIRT 1-2 performances (respectively, r = 0.56, r = 0.53), there was only a weak relationship between VO2max and YET performance (r = 0.43) (distance covered). There were also moderate significant negative correlations between performance in the YIRT2 and peak power measured in the WaNT (r = -0.55), although there were no significant correlations between performance in the three tests and average power. A moderate negative correlation was found between performance in the YIRT2 and Fatigue index (FI) (r = -0,66). In conclusion, the YIRT2 may be a more suitable field test for determining both aerobic and anaerobic performance in soccer players.

11

Physical and Physiological Characteristics of Elite Male Handball Players from Teams with a Different Ranking

75%

Nikolaidis P. T., Ingebrigtsen J.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2013

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vol. 38

115-124

EN

The aim of this study was to examine possible discriminant physical and physiological characteristics between elite male handball players from elite teams with different league rankings. Players from three teams (A, B and C), which competed in the first league of the Greek championship during the season 2011-2012 participated in the study. Team A finished first, B came second and C came eighth out of eleven clubs. Teams A and B also participated in European Cups, and team A won the European Challenge Cup. The players (n=44) were examined for anthropometric characteristics and performed a series of physical fitness tests. Players from teams A and B were taller (6.2 cm (0.7;11.7), mean difference (95% CI) and 9.2 cm (4.0;14.5), respectively), and had a higher amount of fat free mass (6.4 kg (1.1;11.8) and 5.4 kg (0.2;10.5)) compared to those of team C. Players from team A performed better than players from team C in the squat jump (5.5 cm (1.0;10.0)), the countermovement jump without (5.5 cm (0.4;10.6)) and with armswing (6.0 cm (0.7;11.3)) and in the 30 s Bosco test (5.7 W.kg-1 (1.2;10.2)). Also, players from team A outperformed team B in mean power during the Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT, 0.5 W.kg-1(0;0.9)) and in the Bosco test (7.8 W.kg-1 (3.4;12.2)). Overall, players from the best ranked team performed better than the lowest ranked team on WAnT, vertical jumps and the Bosco test. Stepwise discriminant analysis showed that stature and mean power during the Bosco test were the most important characteristics in TH players, accounting for 54.6% of the variance in team ranking. These findings indicate the contribution of particular physical fitness components (stature, fat free mass and anaerobic power) to excellence in TH. In addition, the use of the Bosco test as an assessment tool in talent identification and physical fitness monitoring in this sport is further recommended.

12

Effect of Training on Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Variables of U-19 Soccer Players

75%

Manna I., Khanna G., Dhara P.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

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2011

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vol. 3

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issue 4

237-247

EN

Background: The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of training on selected morphological, physiological and biochemical variables in soccer players under 19 years of age.Material/Methods: A total of 30 Indian male soccer players under 19 years of age (age: 16.00-18.99 yr) volunteered for this study. The training sessions were divided into 2 phases (i) Preparatory Phase (PP, 8 weeks) and (ii) Competitive Phase (CP, 4 weeks). The training programme consisted of aerobic, anaerobic and skill development, and was completed 4 hrs/day; 5 days/week. Selected morphological, physiological and biochemical variables were measured at zero level (baseline data, BD) and at the end of PP and CP.Results: A significant increase (P<0.05) in lean body mass, VO2max, anaerobic power, grip and back strength, urea and uric acid levels; and a decrease (P<0.05) in percentage of body fat, haemoglobin, total cholesterol, and LDL-C levels have been noted in PP and CP when compared to BD. However, no significant change was noted in stature, body mass, maximal heart rate, triglyceride and HDL-C levels of the players after the training.Conclusions: This study would provide useful information for training and selection of soccer players of under-19-year-old groups.

Refine search results

Anaerobic and aerobic performance of elite female and male snowboarders

The Effect of Different Recovery Duration on Repeated Anaerobic Performance in Elite Cyclists

The Effects of Terminating Creatine Supplementation and Resistance Training on Anaerobic Power and Chosen Biochemical Variables in Male Subjects

The Relationship Between Muscle Strength, Anaerobic Performance, Agility, Sprint Ability and Vertical Jump Performance in Professional Basketball Players

Anaerobic Power and Dependence on Chosen Anthropometric Parameters in Young Handball Players

The effect of glycerol supplements on aerobic and anaerobic performance of athletes and sedentary subjects

Relationship Between Repeated Sprint Performance and both Aerobic and Anaerobic Fitness

Anaerobic performance in 30s Wingate test as one of the possible criteria for selection Czech hockey players into National Hockey League

Effect of Deer Antler Velvet on Aerobic, Anaerobic and Strength Performance

The Relationship Between the Yo-Yo Tests, Anaerobic Performance and Aerobic Performance in Young Soccer Players

Physical and Physiological Characteristics of Elite Male Handball Players from Teams with a Different Ranking

Effect of Training on Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Variables of U-19 Soccer Players