World-wide, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are an important clinical problem. In such, the most frequently isolated uropathogen is Escherichia coli. In the treatment of uncomplicated UTIs, e.g. cystitis, the widely used antibiotics are nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, fosfomycin trometamol or ciprofloxacin, while the treatment of pyelonephritis requires the usage of antibiotics with a broader spectrum of activity, such as cephalosporins of the 3rd and 4th generation, aminoglycosides or even carbapenems. The aim of this study was to assess the susceptibility to aminoglycosides (such as amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin and tobramycin) of E. coli isolated from UTIs in adult community patients living in Lubelszczyzna. We found that all of the 86 strains of E. coli encountered were susceptible to amikacin. Moreover, the prevalence of susceptibility to tobramycin, gentamicin or netilmicin among the tested strains was found to be 89,5%, 90,7% or 94,2%, respectively. The data obtained in the present study shows the high susceptibility to aminoglycosides of E. coli isolated from the community-acquired UTIS in adults. These data, together with that derived from current literature, indicate that aminoglycosides, when employed in combination therapy with other antibiotics, may still be very useful group of antibacterial agents in the treatment of UTI’s in Poland.
Najczęstszą przyczyną zgłaszania się pacjentów do poradni okulistycznej są zapalenia spojówek, których przyczyną często są bakterie. W takim przypadku podstawową formą leczenia jest miejscowa antybiotykoterapia. W pracy przedstawiono aktualne możliwości leczenia tych schorzeń, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem problemu rozwoju antybiotykooporności. Szczególny nacisk został położony na praktyczne zasady antybiotykoterapii. W świetle aktualnej wiedzy najlepsze efekty w terapii bakteryjnego zapalenia spojówek daje zastosowanie fluorochinolonów IV, a następnie III generacji. Leki te mają najlepsze spektrum działania, a dodatkowo odznaczają się bardzo dobrą penetracją do spojówki i są obciążone najmniejszym ryzykiem rozwoju antybiotykooporności.
EN
The most common cause of ophthalmological consultations in an ophthalmological clinics are conjunctivitis, often caused by bacteria. The main form of its treatment is topical antibiotic therapy. The paper presents the current possibilities of treatment of conjunctivitis, with particular emphasis on the problem of development of the antibiotic resistance and the practical principles of antibiotic therapy. In the light of current knowledge, the best results in the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis are achieved by the use of IV- and then III-generation of fluoroquinolones. These drugs have the best spectrum of action, and additionally, they have a very good penetration into the conjunctiva and are at the lowest risk of developing antibiotic resistance.
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