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Salivary aldehyde dehydrogenase - temporal and population variability, correlations with drinking and smoking habits and activity towards aldehydes contained in food

100%

Giebułtowicz J., Dziadek M., Wroczyński P., Woźnicka K., Wojno B., Pietrzak M., Wierzchowski J.

2010

vol. 57

issue 3

361-368

Fluorimetric method based on oxidation of the fluorogenic 6-methoxy-2-naphthaldehyde was applied to evaluate temporal and population variability of the specific activity of salivary aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and the degree of its inactivation in healthy human population. Analyzed was also its dependence on drinking and smoking habits, coffee consumption, and its sensitivity to N-acetylcysteine. Both the specific activity of salivary ALDH and the degree of its inactivation were highly variable during the day, with the highest activities recorded in the morning hours. The activities were also highly variable both intra- and interpersonally, and negatively correlated with age, and this correlation was stronger for the subgroup of volunteers declaring abstinence from alcohol and tobacco. Moderately positive correlations of salivary ALDH specific activity with alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking were also recorded (rs ~0.27; p=0.004 and rs =0.30; p=0.001, respectively). Moderate coffee consumption correlated positively with the inactivation of salivary ALDH, particularly in the subgroup of non-drinking and non-smoking volunteers. It was found that mechanical stimulation of the saliva flow increases the specific activity of salivary ALDH. The specific activity of the salivary ALDH was strongly and positively correlated with that of superoxide dismutase, and somewhat less with salivary peroxidase. The antioxidant-containing drug N-acetylcysteine increased activity of salivary ALDH presumably by preventing its inactivation in the oral cavity. Some food-related aldehydes, mainly cinnamic aldehyde and anisaldehyde, were excellent substrates of the salivary ALDH3A1 enzyme, while alkenals, particularly those with short chain, were characterized by lower affinity towards this enzyme but high catalytic constants. The protective role of salivary ALDH against aldehydes in food and those found in the cigarette smoke is discussed, as well as its participation in diminishing the effects of alcohol- and smoking-related oxidative stress.

Organocatalytic Enantioselective [3+2] Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides and Acrolein

100%

Ugarriza I., Uria U., Reyes E., Carrillo L., Vicario J. L.

Asymmetric Catalysis

2015

vol. 2

issue 1

The [3+2]-cycloaddition reaction between acrolein and in situ generated acyclic azomethine ylides promoted by a chiral secondary amine to generate C-3 unsubstituted pyrrolidines has been studied in detail. Optimum conditions involve the use of the cheap and readily available l-Proline as catalyst to afford the pyrrolidine cycloadduct with complete diastereomeric control and up to 80% enantiomeric control.

Generating Organic Compounds by Retrosynthetic Pathway via Typical Corey’s Synthesis

100%

Ononiwu C. G., Enwereuzo O. O., Akakuru O. C., Ejiogu C. B., Onumah C. U., Achukee C. K., Umaefulam T. N., Abaekwume N. N., Akakuru O. U.

World News of Natural Sciences

2021

vol. 36

88-98

Several methods exist for the synthesis of alkanes including Corey’s synthesis, Wurtz reaction, reduction of alcohols and aldehydes, Kolbe’s electrolysis, hydrogenation of alkenes, and Grignard reaction. Among the available methods, the age-long Corey’s synthesis presents robust advantages of yielding symmetrical, unsymmetrical, straight chain and branched chain alkanes. Moreover, it allows of generating high yields of alkanes by utilizing primary alkyl halide and an array of lithium dialkyl copper ranging from primary, secondary to tertiary. Corey’s synthesis has also been implicated in the synthesis of various organic compounds such as (+)-taylorione, terminal alkynes, caribenol A, ketones, and aldehydes. In this work, an explanation of the general concept in the Corey’s synthesis is provided. Furthermore, specific examples of Corey’s reactions and modifications are discussed. Finally, an outlook into the benefits of the Corey’s synthesis in present-day organic synthesis is provided, which is expected to enhance the understanding of organic reaction mechanisms for the development of various organic compounds as drugs for treating diseases.

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1 Acta Biochimica Polonica

1 Asymmetric Catalysis

1 World News of Natural Sciences

1 2021

1 2015

1 2010

1 Abaekwume N. N.

1 Achukee C. K.

1 Akakuru O. C.

1 Akakuru O. U.

1 Carrillo L.

1 Dziadek M.

1 Ejiogu C. B.

1 Enwereuzo O. O.

1 Giebułtowicz J.

1 Ononiwu C. G.

1 Onumah C. U.

1 Pietrzak M.

1 Reyes E.

1 Ugarriza I.

1 Umaefulam T. N.

1 Uria U.

1 Vicario J. L.

1 Wierzchowski J.

1 Wojno B.

1 Woźnicka K.

1 Wroczyński P.

Search results

Salivary aldehyde dehydrogenase - temporal and population variability, correlations with drinking and smoking habits and activity towards aldehydes contained in food

Organocatalytic Enantioselective [3+2] Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides and Acrolein

Generating Organic Compounds by Retrosynthetic Pathway via Typical Corey’s Synthesis