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1

A subjective Assessment of Accident Risk in Downhill Skiing by Beginner Skiers and Ski Instructors

100%

Pawelec I.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2016

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vol. 13

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issue 1

143-151

EN

Nowadays downhill skiing is one of the most popular form of winter recreation. Although skiing fulfills a number of contemporary health and leisure needs, even skiing on very well-prepared terrain poses several dangers and risks. Objective safety would be the state of being protected or free from all danger. The subjective aspect relates to one’s mental state and is based on their feeling of confidence of another person, organization, or situation. Subjective risk is connected with perception and is dependent not only on how one perceives a threat but also how can assess its possible outcomes. There are three factors composing the qualitative dimension of risk perception, being ‘the fear of risk’, ‘an unknown risk’, and ‘the level of risk’. The first factor is associated with such features as worrying about potential consequences, anxiety, negativity, voluntariness, and the ability to manage risk. Data was collected by use of a diagnostic survey designed by the study’s author (Risk Assessment Questionnaire). In total, 53 participants completed the survey (26 instructors, 27 beginners). Beginner skiers believed there to be a higher level of risk in skiing than ski instructors, especially among aspects that assessed their perception of risk that concerned themselves. Beginner skiers clearly assessed the risk of downhill skiing higher when it concerned their own welfare and declared higher levels of fear of being involved in an accident.

2

The paediatric trauma patient profile from the perspective of the emergency medical team.

88%

Sholokhova D., Sviatoslav M.

Critical Care Innovations

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2019

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vol. 2

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issue 2

1-8

EN

INTRODUCTION: Injuries are one of the main causes of mortality in the world. Emergency services should have appropriate knowledge and skills in the field of trauma research at the scene and proper therapeutic treatment. A special group of traumatic patients are children, which are often more difficult to assess and secure by medical personnel. The work aims to determine the profile of a paediatric patient after an injury secured by an ambulance. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research tool was medical documentation in the form of 68,441 medical charts of rescue operations from 2016-2017, out of which 464 interventions were selected for children with injuries. The factors taken into account were: age and sex of the injured, a combination of hours of travel and months per year, the place where the injury occurred, the type of injury and the type of ambulance. RESULTS: At the scene, teams without a doctor were dispensed with 354 times, and teams with a doctor 110 times. The highest number of injuries in children occurred in educational institutions. The increase in the number of interventions was observed in the afternoon in the summer and autumn seasons. Trips to girls accounted for 39% (n=181), and 61% (n=283) were trips to boys. The average age of injured paediatric patients was 10.8 years (SD±4.84). The greatest number of injuries in children were head and neck injuries. CONCLUSIONS: Children with injuries usually have a medical emergency team without a doctor. Interventions are usually carried out at schools, in June and October, around noon. Typically, injuries are experienced by several-year-old boys. The dominant regions of injuries are head and neck and limbs.

PL

WSTĘP: Urazy stanowią jedną z głównych przyczyn śmiertelności na świecie. Służby ratunkowe powinny posiadać odpowiednią wiedzę i umiejętności w zakresie badania urazowego na miejscu zdarzenia i właściwego postępowania terapeutycznego. Szczególną grupę pacjentów urazowych stanowią dzieci, które są niejednokrotnie trudniejsze w ocenie i zabezpieczeniu przez personel medyczny. Praca ma na celu określenie profilu pacjenta pediatrycznego po urazie zabezpieczanego przez pogotowie ratunkowe. MATERIAŁ I METODY: Narzędzie badawcze stanowiła dokumentacja medyczna w postaci 68441 kart medycznych czynności ratunkowych z lat 2016-2017, z których wyselekcjonowano 464 interwencje do dzieci z obrażeniami ciała. W wzięto pod uwagę takie czynniki jak: wiek i płeć poszkodowanych, zestawienie godzin wyjazdów i miesięcy w skali roku, miejsce zdarzenia w którym doszło do urazu, rodzaj urazu oraz rodzaj karetki. WYNIKI: Na miejsce zdarzenia 354 razy zadysponowano zespoły bez lekarza, a 110 razy zespoły z lekarzem. Do największej ilości urazów u dzieci dochodziło w placówkach oświatowych. Wzrost liczby interwencji obserwowano w godzinach popołudniowych w sezonie letnim oraz jesiennym. Wyjazdy do dziewczynek stanowiły 39 % (n=181) , a w 61 % (n=283) były to wyjazdy do chłopców. Średnia wieku poszkodowanych pacjentów pediatrycznych wyniosła 10,8 lat (SD±4,84). Największą liczbę urazów u dzieci stanowiły urazy głowy i szyi. WNIOSKI: Do dzieci z urazami najczęściej dysponowane są zespoły ratownictwa medycznego bez lekarza. Interwencje zazwyczaj są realizowane w szkołach, w okresie czerwca i października, w okolicach południa. Obrażeń doznają zazwyczaj kilkunastoletni chłopcy. Dominującymi rejonami urazów jest głowa i szyja oraz kończyny.

3

Survey the effective factors on accidents decrement in the road of Hamadan – Sanandaj

88%

Hooshmand K.

World News of Natural Sciences

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2017

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vol. 11

83-90

EN

In the current research, we surveyed the effective factors of accidents that had occurred on the road from Hamadan to Sanandaj. Road transportation is an inseparable part and the backbone of all transportation networks of most countries. Driving accidents are considered the major problem of road transportation and the increment process of accidents is so that it has reached crisis proportions. Basically, in road accidents, three factors are considered to be of importance: human activity, road and vehicle condition. The current research is a field study in the terms of data collection method and is considered to be Applied Research in the terms of purpose (or objective) and studied subject nature. The study population consists of suburban public transport fleet drivers working the Sanandaj - Hamadan road (26 persons). The tool was a questionnaire. In order to analyze the statistical data, the resulting information from the questionnaires were firstly extracted and then analysed by applying the Pearson correlation test. The results show that there is a clear relationship between the effective factors of accidents and road accidents.

4

The need for specific first aid and emergency knowledge whilst trekking in remote areas – results of the ADEMED (Aachen DEntal and MEDical) Expedition to the Annapurna region, Nepal

88%

Scharfenberg C., Lechner K., Giet S. v. d., Hettlich M., Schöffl V., Morrison A., Küpper T.

Health Promotion & Physical Activity

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2021

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vol. 14

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issue 1

17-24

EN

Introduction: Fellow trekkers are often the first responders to their comrades in remote settings. Not everyone undertakes First Aid (FA) training when travelling to remote settings away from comprehensive healthcare, whether travelling independently or in a group. The syllabus of standard urbanised FA courses does not fully cover the needs of such trekkers (ie altitude illnesses). We evaluated the FA and emergency knowledge of trekkers en route in the remote Nepalese Himalayas.Material and methods: A questionnaire about FA, trekking emergencies and water hygiene knowledge was completed by a cohort of 453 trekkers passing through Manang (3,519 m), Nepal, who volunteered their participation. A previously validated questionnaire consisted of 20 multiple choice questions (each using a five-point Likert scale) was used, followed by a subjective self-assessment of 17 key topics using a 5-point rating scale from very good to unsatisfactory knowledge. Demographic data including FA and climbing experience was also collected.Results: The participants generally showed a poor knowledge in FA and trekking emergencies, even though 20.8% had some occupational medical training. In total 59.5% of possible answers were answered correctly. On average each participant managed to answer only one out of 20 questions (5.4%) completely correct. The most unsatisfactory results concerned the following topics, each with only 2.4% correct answers: hypothermia/resuscitation, rescue strategies and rip fractures. The best results were for HACE 33.8%, cranio-cerebral injury 33.6%, angina pectoris/heart attack 31.8% and hypovolemic shock 28.7%. The majority of participants had very limited experience of climbing mountains, rock climbing or ice climbing.Conclusions: This study provides essential data identifying deficiencies in standard FA courses that are targeted for urban settings, and not for trekkers in a remote setting far away from comprehensive health care and rescue. There is a need to develop readily accessible FA curriculums specific to trekkers that would provide education on preventative care prior to, during, and after treks, and to improve their knowledge of medical care of trekking injuries and emergencies.

5

Influence of the seasons on construction site accidents

75%

Szer I., Szer J., Kaszubska M., Miszczak J., Hoła B., Błazik-Borowa E., Jabłoński M., Szer I., Szer J., Kaszubska M., Miszczak J., Hoła B., Błazik-Borowa E., Jabłoński M.

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2021

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vol. 67

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issue 3

6

Non-infectious Health Risks of Young Adults Serving in International Volunteer Services

51%

Küpper T., Neppach K., Martin J., Heggie T., Rieke B.

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EN

Introduction: Young people serving as volunteers in international projects show a different risk profile to “normal” travellers. Data are scarce. While infectious risks were published elsewhere we focus now on non-infectious risks. Material and methods: 153 questionnaires, obtained from volunteers returning from their project were evaluated. Questions included age, situation abroad (living space and work), travel experience, region of the project, language skills, pre-travel advise, type of problems abroad (accidents, traffic, violence, robbery, sexual assault, psychosocial stress etc.). Results: Several factors, normally not included in pre-travel advice, cause significant psychosocial stress which decreases a bit during the stay. Special problems are insufficient language skills, (subjective) safety at night, traffic / transport, and violence. Psychosocial stress was the most important reason to stop the activity and to return home ahead of schedule (4% of all volunteers). Conclusions: Pre-travel advice of young volunteers should include psychosocial factors and other topics additional to infectious diseases, vaccination, and hygiene. Sufficient training in common but minor medical problems (headache, sunburn, minor wounds) is a “must”. A comprehensive advice and training may need two days and may be realized in groups of 5 to 12 participants. Health and safety should become a more important topic of all projects.

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2 Küpper T.

1 Błazik-Borowa E.

1 Giet S. v. d.

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1 Hoła B.

1 Jabłoński M.

1 Kaszubska M.

1 Lechner K.

1 Martin J.

1 Miszczak J.

1 Morrison A.

1 Neppach K.

1 Pawelec I.

1 Rieke B.

1 Scharfenberg C.

1 Schöffl V.

1 Sholokhova D.

1 Sviatoslav M.