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Skipping breakfast is correlated with impaired fasting glucose in apparently healthy subjects

100%
Voronova N., Nikitin A., Chistiakov A., Chistiakov D.
Open Medicine
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2012
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vol. 7
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issue 3
376-382
EN
Regular food consumption plays a critical role in normal glucose homeostasis. Today, a few studies have evaluated the level of fasting glucose in individuals who skip breakfast, which should theoretically lead to a lack of supplementary energy and thereby increase the risk for subsequent hypoglycemia. The prevalence of suspected habitual skipping breakfast (SHSB) (at least three times weekly) was evaluated with a simple question, along with measurement of fasting plasma glucose level and assessment of cardiovascular and lifestyle risk factors in a cross-sectional study of 2,331 asymptomatic adults who had never been treated with insulin or oral anti-diabetic drugs. The overall prevalence of SHSB was 16.3% (20.1% for men and 9.4% for women, P<0.0001, χ2-test). Compared with a normal fasting glucose level, an impaired fasting glucose (IFG) level (100–125 mg/dl), but not high fasting glucose (≥126 mg/dl), was significantly associated with SHSB, and this association remained after adjustment for relevant confounders [odds ratio (95% CI): 1.75 (1.33–2.30) and 2.10 (0.93–4.71), respectively]. Age (inversely), current smoker, late dinner just before sleeping, infrequent exercise, and high C-reactive protein (≥1.8 mg/L) were independently associated with SHSB. In a subgroup of subjects who underwent a 75g-oral glucose tolerance test (n = 1,315), isolated IFG (n = 272) was solely significantly associated with SHSB. Our results suggest that IFG, subtle inflammatory state, and high-risk lifestyle factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease may have an association in asymptomatic adults who habitually skip breakfast.
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Subclinical tumor lysis-like syndrome during treatment of visceral leishmaniasis with low-dose intermittent liposomal amphotericin B

100%
Georgiadou S., Kontoyiannis D., Sipsas N.
Open Medicine
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2012
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vol. 7
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issue 3
305-309
EN
We retrospectively evaluated the rate of renal dysfunction during treatment with liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) (3–4 mg/kg, for 7–10 days) in nine consecutive patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL). During the first week of treatment, 5 patients (56%) experienced transient deterioration of renal function, with a rise in serum creatinine to 1.27–2.44 times the baseline level, and a parallel elevation of uric acid levels without other metabolic or electrolyte disturbances. Serum renal function parameters were restored to normal levels after the completion of therapy, on day 21. These 5 patients had presented with prolonged fever and/or significant spleen enlargement, reflecting high parasite load. This observation suggests that treatment of VL with intermittent L-AmB causes a subclinical tumor lysis-like syndrome, especially in patients with high parasite load.
3
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Visceral leishmaniasis as a cause of postpartum pyrexia - case report

86%
Milosevic S., Bogavac M., Malenkovic G., Fabri M., Ruzic M., Dugandzija T.
Open Medicine
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2013
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vol. 8
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issue 2
149-152
4
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Mathematical Modeling of Control Strategies for Visceral leishmaniasis

72%
Onyekwelu O. M., Baker N.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2021
|
vol. 37
102-116
EN
In this paper, a deterministic mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was formulated and analyzed. The basic reproductive number R0 was obtained using the next generation matrix method. The model which was parameterized using the 2011 cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis in South Sudan, was used to assess two control measures. Numerical simulation reveals that the exposed population is reduced by high detection rate, and low biting rate of sandflies. Further, our model simulation gave the values of the contact rate of susceptible human, α1 and the detection rate of new cases, σ at which the basic reproductive number is less than one, (R0 < 1), equal to one (R0 = 1) and greater than one (R0 > 1).
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