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Isolation of vanconycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus from the wounds of hospital patients in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

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Anosike I. K., Ebana R. U. B., Edet U. O., Umoh I. S.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2019
|
vol. 24
134-144
EN
Staphylococcus aureus is a very important human pathogen that generates a number of human infections. Isolation of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) was carried out from wound samples of patients attending University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria. A total of 45 wound samples from 15 patients were collected aseptically in triplicate, using sterile cotton swabs moistened in sterile normal saline. Microbiological analysis and susceptibility to vancomycin, including minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC), were carried out using standard methodologies. A total of 15 isolates were obtained and these showed varying MIC and MBC patterns. Out of the 15 S. aureus isolated, only one isolate had an MIC of approximately 4 µg/ml, while twelve isolates gave MIC values that ranged from 15.62 µg/ml to 250 µg/ml. The remaining 2 isolates gave MIC values that were ≥ 500 µg/ml. These 2 isolates exhibited alpha haemolysis on blood agar, unlike the others that were beta haemolytic. The results of the MBC also showed variations amongst the isolates. A total of 10 isolates gave MBC values that ranged from 62.5 µg/ml to 500 µg/ml, while the remaining 5 isolates gave MBC values that were ≥ 500 µg/ml. The high MIC and MBC values obtained showed that vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is increasing at an alarming rate, and this accounts for the gradual decline in the effectiveness associated with the use of vancomycin. Given the widespread prevalence of VRSA, there is a need for newer therapeutics that can reverse this surge.
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Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium-associated encephalitis and concurrent cerebellitis

86%
Kang K., Yoon S.-S., Yoon B.-W.
Open Medicine
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2011
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vol. 6
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issue 4
470-474
EN
Enterococci are uncommon etiologic agents of central nervous system infections. We describe a case of nosocomial encephalitis and concurrent cerebellitis associated with Enterococcus faecium in a man, with extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, who underwent high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Brain magnetic resonance images showed lesions in the bihemispheral cerebellar cortex with swelling and several small lesions in both cerebral hemispheres. The blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures were positive for vancomycin-resistant E. faecium. Vancomycin-resistant E. faecium can cause encephalitis and concurrent cerebellitis in an immunocompromised patient who underwent autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.
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Intraarticular and serum vancomycin concentration added to acrylic cement

86%
Babiak I., Korzeniewska-Rybicka I., Majchrzak J., Grzeszczyk M., Wiszniowski M.
Open Medicine
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2014
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vol. 9
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issue 3
455-460
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