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Selective sorption of uric acid by novel molecularly imprinted polymers

100%
Leshchinskaya A. P., Polyakova I. V., Groshikova A. R., Pisarev O. A., Panarin E. F.
Molecular Imprinting
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2012
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vol. 1
17-26
EN
The polymers based on ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and molecularly imprinted with uric acid (UA), UA-MIPs, were successfully synthesized. The binding activity of UA-MIPs towards UA was studied in depth using batch methods. The optimized sorbent UA-MIP-7-16 was synthesized; this is an EGDMAcrosslinked system containing 16 mol% of UA as the template. The character of binding between UA and UA-MIP-7-16 was studied using xanthine as a reference substance, since its chemical structure is similar to that of UA. The studies of equilibrium sorption of UA and xanthine from model aqueous solutions by the imprinted sorbent demonstrate the predominance of specific UA sorption. The sorption kinetic data were analyzed using the Boyd model and shell and core. Selectivity of UAMIP- 7-16 was further demonstrated by biochemical analysis of serum containing UA and other components conducted before and after sorption. UA-MIP-7-16 showed high recognition selectivity and affinity towards the template molecule (UA).
2
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Electrochemical determination of tyrosine in the presence of uric acid at a carbon paste electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes enhanced by sodium dodecyl sulfate

88%
Ghoreishi S., Behpour M., Delshad M., Khoobi A.
Open Chemistry
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2012
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vol. 10
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issue 6
1824-1829
EN
Tyrosine (Tyr) was quantitated with high sensitivity and selectivity in the presence of uric acid (UA) using a carbon paste electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Tyr and UA were catalytically oxidized with diffusion-controlled characteristics. They were determined simultaneously by differential pulse voltammetry with a potential difference of 350 mV. The electrocatalytic currents increase linearly with Tyr and UA concentrations 4×10−7−1×10−4 M and 3×10−7−2×10−4 M. Their detection limits were 1×10−7 and 5.1×10−8 M respectively. In the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate the Tyr detection limit improved from 1×10−7 to 6.9×10−8 M. The electrode was successfully used to quantitate Tyr and UA in serum. [...]
3
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Subclinical tumor lysis-like syndrome during treatment of visceral leishmaniasis with low-dose intermittent liposomal amphotericin B

88%
Georgiadou S., Kontoyiannis D., Sipsas N.
Open Medicine
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2012
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vol. 7
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issue 3
305-309
EN
We retrospectively evaluated the rate of renal dysfunction during treatment with liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) (3–4 mg/kg, for 7–10 days) in nine consecutive patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL). During the first week of treatment, 5 patients (56%) experienced transient deterioration of renal function, with a rise in serum creatinine to 1.27–2.44 times the baseline level, and a parallel elevation of uric acid levels without other metabolic or electrolyte disturbances. Serum renal function parameters were restored to normal levels after the completion of therapy, on day 21. These 5 patients had presented with prolonged fever and/or significant spleen enlargement, reflecting high parasite load. This observation suggests that treatment of VL with intermittent L-AmB causes a subclinical tumor lysis-like syndrome, especially in patients with high parasite load.
4
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Skipping breakfast is correlated with impaired fasting glucose in apparently healthy subjects

88%
Voronova N., Nikitin A., Chistiakov A., Chistiakov D.
Open Medicine
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2012
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vol. 7
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issue 3
376-382
EN
Regular food consumption plays a critical role in normal glucose homeostasis. Today, a few studies have evaluated the level of fasting glucose in individuals who skip breakfast, which should theoretically lead to a lack of supplementary energy and thereby increase the risk for subsequent hypoglycemia. The prevalence of suspected habitual skipping breakfast (SHSB) (at least three times weekly) was evaluated with a simple question, along with measurement of fasting plasma glucose level and assessment of cardiovascular and lifestyle risk factors in a cross-sectional study of 2,331 asymptomatic adults who had never been treated with insulin or oral anti-diabetic drugs. The overall prevalence of SHSB was 16.3% (20.1% for men and 9.4% for women, P<0.0001, χ2-test). Compared with a normal fasting glucose level, an impaired fasting glucose (IFG) level (100–125 mg/dl), but not high fasting glucose (≥126 mg/dl), was significantly associated with SHSB, and this association remained after adjustment for relevant confounders [odds ratio (95% CI): 1.75 (1.33–2.30) and 2.10 (0.93–4.71), respectively]. Age (inversely), current smoker, late dinner just before sleeping, infrequent exercise, and high C-reactive protein (≥1.8 mg/L) were independently associated with SHSB. In a subgroup of subjects who underwent a 75g-oral glucose tolerance test (n = 1,315), isolated IFG (n = 272) was solely significantly associated with SHSB. Our results suggest that IFG, subtle inflammatory state, and high-risk lifestyle factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease may have an association in asymptomatic adults who habitually skip breakfast.
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