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Genotype-dependent variation in the transpiration efficiency of plants and photosynthetic activity of flag leaves in spring barley under varied nutrition

100%

Krzeminska A., Gorny A. G.

Journal of Applied Genetics

2003

vol. 44

issue 4

481-489

In the study, spring barley genotypes of various origin and breeding history were found to show a broad genetic variation in the vegetative and generative measures of the whole-plant transpiration efficiency (TE), photosynthesis (A) and transpiration (E) rates of flag leaves, leaf efficiency of gas exchange (A/E) and stress tolerance (T) when grown till maturity in soil-pots under high and reduced NPK supplies. Broad-sense heritabilities for the characteristics ranged from 0.61 to 0.87. Significant genotype-nutrition interactions were noticed, constituting 19-23 % of the total variance in TE measures. The results suggest that at least some ?exotic? accessions from Ethiopia, Syria, Morocco and/or Tibet may serve as attractive genetic sources of novel variations in TE, T and A for the breeding of barleys of improved adaptation to less favourable fertilisation.

Genotypic veriation in response to iso-osmotic and soil moisture stresses among old and modern cultivars of winter wheat

84%

Mendel M., Gorny A.

Journal of Applied Genetics

1996

vol. 37

issue 1

49-63

The study was performed to evaluate range of the genotypic variation in drought susceptibility at juvenile growth stages among 23 old and modern winter cultivars of Triticum aestivum and one old cv. of T.spelta.Response of germinated seeds to mannitol-simulated drought stress as well as that in seedlings shoot and root growth, water use and leaf transpiraton under varied soil moisture were measured.Considerable genotypic variation for all morpho-physiological traits was found between wheat cultivars.There were significant differences between the older and modern cultivars.The former showed usually an enhanced rooting ability and higher water requirements, while the never indicated more efficient water use.The older cultivars were more resistant to both iso-osmotic stress and low soil moisture at the juvenile growth stage.However, no clear differences were found between the two groups of cultivars in the variation range of the drought susceptibility indices.Complex patterns of the response to drought were observed.Cultivars, which distinguished by both a lower shoot:root ratio and a stronger drought-induced stimulative root growth, tended to be more resistant.Although only moderate the relationships noticed, a consideration of the plasticity screening in local wheat breeding appears to be justified.

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2 Journal of Applied Genetics

1 2003

1 1996

1 Gorny A.

1 Gorny A. G.

1 Krzeminska A.

1 Mendel M.

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Genotype-dependent variation in the transpiration efficiency of plants and photosynthetic activity of flag leaves in spring barley under varied nutrition

Genotypic veriation in response to iso-osmotic and soil moisture stresses among old and modern cultivars of winter wheat