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Characterisation of the surface structure and bioactivity of glass and glass ceramics using surface topography

100%
Lutišanová G., Palou M., Mikula M., Kozánková J.
Open Chemistry
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2012
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vol. 10
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issue 6
1890-1898
EN
The present paper reports the results of the relationship between the surface topography, microstructure and the in vitro bioactivity of samples with and without fluorapatite content in simulated body fluid. Glasses and glass ceramics belonging to the Li2O-SiO2-CaO-P2O5-CaF2 system were prepared by using conventional melting technique following by heat treatment to obtain glass ceramics. This current study demonstrates the benefits of combining two microscopic methods for better investigation of the surface structure. The formation of apatite layer on the surface and the increase in surface roughness proved that the glasses and glass ceramics with bioactive fluorapatite content could satisfy to the requirements for biomaterial applications. The results also showed that the roughness of apatite layer formed after immersion in body fluid on the surface of glasses with fluorapatite was more pronounced than that of equivalent glass ceramic samples cured under the same conditions. [...]
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Characteristics of polyurethane-based sustained release membranes for drug delivery

100%
Mândru M., Ciobanu C., Vlad S., Butnaru M., Lebrun L., Popa M.
Open Chemistry
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2013
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vol. 11
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issue 4
542-553
EN
This paper is focused on the preparation and physicochemical characterization of two poly(ester ether urethane)s with rifampicin in their matrix and different molar concentrations of urethane groups. The polyurethanes with rifampicin were processed as asymmetrical microporous membranes by a phase inversion method and characterized by attenuated total reflection - Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The influence of the surface morphology in the release of drug compounds was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), contact angle, and water uptake. The release of rifampicin depends on the molar concentration of urethane groups and also on the surface morphology of the polyurethane membranes. The antibacterial activity was evaluated with S. Epidermidis RP 62 A and P. Aeruginosa ATCC 1544. Finally, the biocompatibility of the polyurethane membranes was studied with human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) to evaluate the potential biomedical applications. [...]
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The Potential of Selected Agricultural Wastes Fibers as Acoustic Absorber and Thermal Insulator Based on their Surface Morphology via Scanning Electron Microscopy

63%
Mercado R. D. T., Ureta R. M., Templo R. J. D.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2018
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vol. 20
129-147
EN
Natural fibrous materials have been studied to address noise and high heat indices, but many of the existing studies about natural fibers do not sufficiently support their claims of better acoustical and heat insulating materials. Thus, this study investigated the surface morphology of easily available agricultural materials such as coconut husks, banana pseudostem and sugarcane husk for their potential as sound absorbers and thermal insulators. Fiber pads from the materials were constructed and analyzed for noise reduction coefficients, thermal insulating performance, water absorbing capacity and flame tolerance - using the methods specified in the American Society for Testing Materials. Herein, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was applied for analytical imaging of the agricultural materials. Noise reduction coefficients (0.80 dB and 0.92 dB), (0.75d B and 0.78 dB) and (0.50 dB and 0.35 dB) each at 800 Hz and 440 Hz, and heat reductions of 2.56 °C, 1.71 °C, and 1.24 °C were obtained from coconut husk, sugarcane husk and banana pseudostem, respectively. The coconut husk also gave the highest water absorbing capacity and high flame tolerance of 56%, compared to that of sugarcane husk (49%) and banana pseudostem (32.67%). The morphology of the coconut husk, after SEM application revealed more diverse microporous cells with varying shapes and sizes compared to that of sugarcane husk and banana pseudostem. Thus, results indicate that porosity affects the noise and heat reduction indices of the fibers. The more porous the material is, the better its potential as sound absorber and thermal insulator.
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