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Analyzing selected risk factors for the development of kidney cancer

100%
Kollárová H., Azeem-Skřejpková K., Tomášková H., Horáková D., Magnusková S., Janout V.
Open Medicine
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2012
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vol. 7
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issue 1
78-84
EN
The aim of this study was to determine influence of selected lifestyle factors on kidney cancer. The study brings data from two centres of international multicentric hospital-based analytical observational case-control studies. Data were obtained from a group of 300 patients newly diagnosed with kidney cancer (ICD-O-2 code C64) and 335 controls from two centres in the Czech Republic. Results showed that smoking increased OR to 1.09 (95% CI 0.77–1.55) and 1.06 (95% CI 0.73–1.52), but the results were not statistically significant. Obesity (BMI⩾30) created adjusted OR 1.71 (95% CI 1.11–2.66) and 1.44 (95% CI 0.91–2.28), showing a minor, statistically insignificant, effect of obesity on the development of kidney cancer. For hypertension, adjusted OR was 1.73 (95% CI 1.25–2.40), suggesting a minor to moderate effect of hypertension on kidney cancer. The analysis results showed a positive association between hereditary predisposition and the development of kidney cancer with an OR of 1.97 (95% CI 1.41–2.76) and 1.97 (95% CI 1.40–2.77) depending on the model of adjustment. The reasons for the high incidence of kidney cancer are not fully understood. Genetic polymorphisms, together with other lifestyle and environmental factors, are likely to contribute to various rates of kidney cancer incidence throughout the world.
2
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Homocysteinemia, hypertension, and family history of diabetes in a smoking male population in Saudi Arabia

100%
Al-Daghri N., Al-Attas O.
Open Medicine
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2008
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vol. 3
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issue 2
167-172
EN
Arabs have a lower incidence of atherosclerosis than other ethnicities, but few studies have examined homocysteine (HCYS) as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in this population. Here, we investigated the association between serum HYCS levels and risk factors for cardiovascular disease (smoking, hypertension, and family history of diabetes) in Saudi males. A total of 50 smokers and 72 nonsmokers completed a general health questionnaire. In addition, their lipid profiles were measured using routine methods and HCYS levels by high-performance liquid chromatograph with electrochemical detection. Regression analysis showed negative associations between HCYS and glucose (r = −0.22; P < 0.05) as well as family history of diabetes (r = −0.21; P < 0.05). HCYS levels were similar between hypertensive and nonhypertensive smokers, but they were significantly elevated in hypertensive nonsmokers (P = 0.027) and lower in smokers with family history of diabetes (P = 0.01). Levels of HCYS among nonsmokers inversely correlated with history of diabetes and elevated glucose. Nonsmokers’ HCYS levels were significantly elevated in the presence of hypertension and correlated with diastolic blood pressure. Thus, HCYS may be a predictor of hypertension among nonsmokers. Until further trials are conducted, we recommend vitamin B6/folic acid supplementation for the Saudi hypertensive population as an adjuvant therapy.
3
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Determination of 210Po content of vietnamese tobacco samples

100%
Kovács T., Horváth M., Sas Z., Dung B., Minh T.
Open Chemistry
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2014
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vol. 12
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issue 11
1127-1132
EN
Smoking is one of the leading causes of preventable death. In recent years, numerous countries have initiated the prohibition of smoking in restaurants, workplaces and public spaces. The Vietnamese government intends to follow the precautions against public smoking as well. Over and above the number of some hazardous chemical components found in tobacco, 210Po isotope content could enhance the probability of the development of lung cancer. In this study 14 Vietnamese tobacco products (commercial cigarettes and pipe tobacco) 210Po activity concentration were determined using PIPS semiconductor alpha spectrometry. The results showed that the 210Po activity concentration of the investigated samples varied between 7.40 ± 1.09–128.64 ± 11.22 mBq g−1. The average 210Po content of commercial cigarettes was 15.5 mBq g−1, whilst the average of pipe tobacco was 20.4 mBq g−1. To estimate the risk of inhalation of 210Po isotopes originating as a result of smoking, dose estimations were carried out.
4
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Ventricular septal defects in function of maternal sociodemographic aspects

72%
Vereczkey A., Kósa Z., Csáky-Szunyogh M., Urbán R., Czeizel A.
Open Medicine
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2012
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vol. 7
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issue 4
511-522
EN
The objective of our project is to reveal the possible etiological factors of different congenital cardiovascular abnormalities. In this study, we evaluated single ventricular septal defect (VSD) after surgical correction or with lethal outcome. The birth outcomes of these cases in the function of maternal socio-demographic features were evaluated. Data are based on 1,659 VSD cases, 2,534 matched controls and 38,151 all controls without any defects, in addition in the mothers of 19,393 malformed controls with other isolated defects in the population-based large dataset of the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities. VSD had mild female excess with a higher rate of preterm birth and mainly low birth weight indicating intrauterine growth restriction of affected fetuses, particularly in males and full-term or average weighted cases. The mothers of cases with VSD had lower socioeconomic status and higher rate of smoking and particularly drinking habit. The evaluation of medically recorded pregnancy complications showed an association of gestational diabetes with a higher risk of VSD. In conclusion, the association of small localized size of VDS and obvious fetal growth restriction needs further explanation in these cases, while gestational diabetes, lower socioeconomic status and adverse lifestyle of pregnant women may have a role in the origin of VSD.
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