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Effect of Salinity Stress on Mycorrhizal Association and Growth Response of Telfairia occidentalis Hook F. infected by Glomus geosporum

100%

Okon O. G., Esenowo G. J.

World News of Natural Sciences

2018

vol. 19

118-127

The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus geosporum) inoculation on Telfairia occidentalis grown in saline soil was investigated in a pot experiment. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design, with treatments replicated thrice. Standard recommended methods were used to determine photosynthetic pigments, minerals contents, biomass yield, AMF colonization and dependency. Our results show that saline soil treatment significantly (p=0.05) reduced total photosynthetic pigments contents - from 39.73 to 21.30 mg/kg, percentage AMF root colonization - from 53.97 to 22.41%, mineral contents; N - from 5.84 to 3.13%; P - 424.11 to 212.31 mg/kg; K - 3215.00 to 1220.00 mg/kg; Mg - 326.00 to 107.04 mg/kg; and Ca - 1640.00 to 813.00 mg/kg. Biomass yield of T. occidentalis was also significantly (p=0.05) reduced. In contrast, mycorrhizal dependency was significantly (p=0.05) increased in saline soil plants - from 15.13% to 100.00%. Herein, inoculation with G. geosporum significantly (p=0.05) increased total photosynthetic pigments - from 39.73 to 45.53 mg/kg; N - from 5.84 to 6.07%; P - 424.11 to 463.00 mg/kg; K - 3215.00 to 3470.12 mg/kg; Mg - 326.00 to 345.00 mg/kg and Ca -1640 to 1658.12 mg/kg; leaf dry weight - from 0.13 to 0.17g; vine dry weight - 5.21 to 5.81g; roots dry weight - 0.57 to 1.03 and total dry weight - 5.91 to 7.01g. Biomass yield was also significantly increased. R. irregularis colonization (from 22.41 to 53.97%) and mycorrhizal dependency in C. maxima was evident in both saline and non-saline soil treatments. The results of this work have shown that G. geosporum can enhance the ability of T. occidentalis to resist salt stress (possibly through several morphological/physiological changes and through improved vigour) via the extensive network of the mycorrhizal roots (which increases nutrient and water uptake). Inoculation with appropriate AMF can, therefore, be used to increase the productivity of T. occidentalis in saline soils.

Influence of Rhizophagus irregularis Inoculation on Salt Tolerance in Cucurbita maxima Duch.

100%

Okon O. G., Okon I. E.

World News of Natural Sciences

2018

vol. 19

108-117

The influence of mycorrhizal fungi (Rhizophagus irregularis) on salt tolerance of Cucurbita maxima grown in saline soil was investigated in a pot experiment. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design, with treatments replicated thrice. Accordingly, soil salinity significantly (p=0.05) reduced total photosynthetic pigments from 58.06 to 38.06 mg/kg. Mineral contents, biomass yield, AMF colonization were also significantly (p=0.05) reduced. In contrast, mycorrhizal dependency was significantly (p=0.05) increased in saline soil plants (from 26.91% to 66.45%). Furthermore, inoculation with R. irregularis significantly (p=0.05) increased total photosynthetic pigments from 58.06 to 62.06 mg/kg; N from 4.88 to 5.47%; P 860.40 to 896.22 mg/kg; K 4430.00 to 4630.00 mg/kg; Mg 558.99 to 592.10 mg/kg and Ca 2810.00 to 3151.00 mg/kg; biomass yield; leaf dry weight from 0.06 to 0.14g; vine dry weight 3.68 to 5.09g; roots dry weight 0.32 to 0.74 and total dry weight 4.06 to 5.97g, R. irregularis colonization (from 33.77 to 58.44%) and mycorrhizal dependency in C. maxima was evident in both saline and non-saline soil treatments. The results of this work shows that R. irregularis can enhance the ability of C. maxima to resist salt stress - possibly through some morphological/ physiological changes, as well as improved vigour, probably via the extensive network of the mycorrhizal roots. This last is considered to be one of several mechanisms that magnify the salt tolerance of host plants through increased nutrient acquisition (N, P, K, Mg and Ca) and water uptake. Inoculation with appropriate AMF can, therefore, be used to increase the productivity of C. maxima in saline soils.

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2 World News of Natural Sciences

2 2018

2 Okon O. G.

1 Esenowo G. J.

1 Okon I. E.

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Effect of Salinity Stress on Mycorrhizal Association and Growth Response of Telfairia occidentalis Hook F. infected by Glomus geosporum

Influence of Rhizophagus irregularis Inoculation on Salt Tolerance in Cucurbita maxima Duch.