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1

The influence of brown coal and peat on the fatty waste bioutilisation - initial laboratory examination

100%
Wierzba S. L. A., Latala B.
Biotechnologia
|
2000
|
issue 3
193-201
EN
The aim of the paper is to determine whether the addition of brown coal and peat influences the rate of the aliphatic substance biodegradation in oily bleaching soil (OBS) by properly selected bacterial strains. OBS was taken from the NZPT (a fat-processing factory); its characteristics were acidity (pH 4.8) and a 14% aliphatic substance content. Laboratory examination showed that a 35% addition of brown coal and peat provided best conditions for the aliphatic substance degradation process. After 44 days of the experiment, the organic substance reduction was 47.1%, and the fat content was reduced to 0.9%. The application of the composite considerably reduced the period of the OBS biodegradation. In order that low-pH fatty waste could be utiliseed with the aid of bacterial strains, it needs to be neutralised beforehand.
2

Bioavailability and bioaccumulation of hydrophobic organic pollutants. Part II. Sorption of pollutants and factors influencing this process

86%
Oleszczuk P.
|
2007
|
issue 1
26-39
EN
Translocation, leaching, uptake by plants and degradation of hydrophobic organic pollutants are largely determined by the properties of the soil/sediments. The above properties influence those processes which directly or indirectly influence the bioavailability of pollutants. The factor which plays a decisive role in determining bioavailability/bioaccumulation of pollutants is sorption. Where sorption is concerned, such matrix properties as the presence, composition, properties of organic matter, type of clay materials, type and amount of other pollutants, etc. play an important role. The second part of the study is a review of the literature on the influence of hydrophobic organic pollutants with geosorbents acting through sorption. Matrix properties that can significantly influence this process have been described in detail.
3

Competition between bacterial strains nodulating leguminous plants

72%
Golinska B., Madrzak C. J.
Biotechnologia
|
1999
|
issue 3
106-142
EN
Successful nodulation of legumes by rhizobia is a complex process that in open field depends on various environmental and biological factors. Generally legume productivity may be improved by inoculation with selected, highly effective in diazotrophy root nodule bacteria. However, field legume inoculation with Rhizobiaceae species is very often unsuccessful due to the presence of native strains in soil which are better adapted and usually dominate over introduced bacteria. The ability of one strain to outnumber others in nodule occupancy is commonly termed competitiveness. This feature of strain is genetically regulated by numerous bacterial genes, as well as it is highly dependent on host plant genotype and environmental cues. The competitiveness of endogenous strains is critical for the successful use of inocula to introduce the quality strains. In this paper we describe ways and means which should be considered in order to manipulate both established and introduced strains ecologically, edaphically and genetically to improve legume productivity and, as the consequence, soil fertility.
4

Bioavailability and bioaccumulation of hydrophobic organic pollutants. Part I. General remarks

72%
Oleszczuk P.
|
2007
|
issue 1
9-25
EN
Contaminants entering the soil environment as by-products of industrial or technological processes undergo various transformations. Some easily undergo degradation, volatilization or leaching, some are accumulated in the living organisms, while others get strongly bound to soil components through sorption, sequestration or bound-residue formation. In literature, it has been proved that the above mentioned processes considerably limit the bioavailability of contaminants and hence the effectiveness of biodegradation is lowered. The present study is a review of the literature on the issue of bioavailability of persistent organic pollutants for microorganisms and soil invertebrates. The first part presents some definitions of bioavailability and bioaccumulation proposed by various authors. Factors influencing the process of biodegradation have also been described with special attention drawn to their relation to the processes of bioavailability.
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