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Assessing the Potential Health Effect of Solid Waste Dump Site Located Close to Residential Areas in Jalingo, Taraba State Using Geospatial Techniques

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Tukura E. D., Ojeh V. N., Philip A. H., Ayuba A.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2018
|
vol. 20
160-175
EN
The study examined the application of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems in estimating the potential health effects of solid waste dump sites located close to residences within Jalingo town, in mapping out the existing dumpsites, in carrying out proximity analysis and in assessing the impact of these dump sites on residences within the study area. Both primary and secondary data were used to achieve the objectives of the study. The primary data were the geographical coordinates of all the dumpsites from the selected five wards in the study area. This was obtained using hand held GPS. The secondary data applied included administrative boundary maps (Ancillary data) and recorded cases of malaria incidence from health facilities located in the area. Data were analyzed in ArcGIS 10.3 environment to display the X and Y coordinates and to obtain the spatial distribution of the dumpsites on a composites map. Geo-processing using ring buffering was carried out to form a proximity analysis of the dumpsites. Assessment of the impact of the dumpsites on the health of dwellers within the study area was achieved from a proximity analysis that compared location with the recorded cases of malaria. The findings of the study revealed that proximity analysis of a 500m and 1000m standard demonstrated that residences within 7.857 km2 and 31.439 km2 of each dumpsite, respectively, are in danger of dumpsite related disease. This is because out of the total built-up area of 61.479 km2 in the study area; most of the dumpsites located within 31.439 km2 of the built-up area do not conform to the NESREA standard criteria of siting a dumpsite. The assessment of the cases of malaria incidence recorded and the numbers of dumpsites revealed that dumpsites location close to residence had more cases of malaria incidence, thus it is believed that the dumpsites contribute to the breeding the female anopheles mosquito that transmit malaria to humans. The study recommends dumpsite location suitability analysis be performed in Jalingo and that to avoid endemic Malaria, the appropriate authorities close down dumpsites close to residences.
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