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Non-vagal apnea evoked by intra-common carotid artery injection of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) in anesthetized rats

100%

Kaczynska K., Szereda-Przestaszewska M., Chrapusta S. J.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

2006

vol. 66

issue 3

255-260

Respiratory effects of an intra-common carotid artery injection of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) were investigated in anesthetized spontaneously breathing rats, using three experimental paradigms: (1) midcervical vagotomy followed by supranodosal vagotomy, (2) midcervical vagotomy followed by section of the carotid sinus nerves (CSNs), and (3) midcervical vagotomy followed by pharmacological blockade of NMDA receptors. The intra-common carotid artery injection of NMDA (4 mg/kg) induced transient expiratory apnea followed by a brief and variably occurring period of breathing at reduced tidal volume. There were no consistent changes in respiratory rate in rats subjected to midcervical vagotomy alone. Supranodose vagotomy exerted no effect on NMDA-induced respiratory arrest, whereas CSNs' section or blockade of NMDA receptors with AP-7 abolished the apnea. These results indicate that the apnea induced by intra-arterial NMDA challenge is due to activation of peripheral NMDA receptors and is mediated via carotid body afferents.

Effect of some heavy metals on neustonic and planktonic bacteria isolated from the Deep of Gdansk

88%

Mudryk Z., Donderski D. W., Donderski W., Skorczewski S. P., Skorczewski P., Walczak W. M., Walczak M.

Oceanological Studies

2000

vol. 29

issue 1

89-99

The effect of different concentrations of heavy metal ions Hg+2, Cd+2, Zn+2, Cu+2 on growth and respiratory activity of neustonic and planktonic bacteria derived from the Deep of Gda?sk was studied. The laboratory experiments demonstrated that all heavy metals examined exhibited toxic effects on the development and oxygen uptake by neustonic and planktonic bacteria. This effect depended on the kind of the metal and its concentration.

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1 Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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1 Chrapusta S. J.

1 Donderski D. W.

1 Donderski W.

1 Kaczynska K.

1 Mudryk Z.

1 Skorczewski P.

1 Skorczewski S. P.

1 Szereda-Przestaszewska M.

1 Walczak M.

1 Walczak W. M.

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Non-vagal apnea evoked by intra-common carotid artery injection of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) in anesthetized rats

Effect of some heavy metals on neustonic and planktonic bacteria isolated from the Deep of Gdansk