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1

Toxic metals in bottom sediments and ferromanganese concretions of the Southern Baltic Sea

100%
Szefer P.
Oceanological Studies
|
2000
|
vol. 29
|
issue 1
31-55
EN
Horizontal and vertical distributions of micro- and macroelements in sediment from the Southern Baltic (including the Vistula Lagoon) are discussed. Variations of concentrations of trace metals and rare earth elements (REE) in ferromanganese concretions sampled from S?upsk Furrow in the Polish Exclusive Economic Zone are characterized. The lack of positive cerium anomalies in the concretions from S?upsk Furrow indicates that they were formed under less oxidizing conditions than spheroidal concretions from the Gulf of Bothnia. M?ssbauer studies indicate that poorly crystalline lepidocrosite is the principal iron oxyhydroxide mineral present in these concretions. It is concluded that Ag, Cd, Pb, Zn and possibly Cu are anthropogenic in origin. The concentrations of these elements decrease sharply with depth in the sediment column and the elements are preferentially enriched in the < 2 ?m size fraction of the sediment. The anthropogenic elements show no systematic decrease in concentration with depth in a sediment core collected near the mouth of the Vistula River. This reflects the higher sedimentation rate there such that the entire upper 20 cm of the core was deposited during the major, post-war period of industrialization in Poland. It is suggested that the heavy metals are mainly adsorbed on Fe oxyhydroxide particles with diameters greater than 2 ?m at the hydrological front where the Vistula River waters mix with brackish Baltic waters. It appears that heavy-metal pollution of sediments in some parts of Puck Bay may be greater than that near the mouth of the Vistula River which may reflect, in part, the higher sedimentation rate near the mouth of the Vistula River. The mode of incorporation of heavy metals into the sediments in the two areas may also be different. It is speculated that Cu, Zn and Ag have been introduced recently into the sediments of the Gulf of Gda?sk principally from the Vistula River, whereas Cd and Pb have been transported, in part, from the atmosphere. Cd like Pb is a volatile element easily subjected to atmospheric transport. The dual source of Cd and Pb (atmospheric and riverine) reaching the Gulf of Gda?sk may explain the complex interelement relationships displayed by these elements in the sediments of this region. Ag, on the other hand, is introduced into the marine environment mainly with sewage sludge.
2

The evaluation of water quality in the swelinia stream on the basis of diatom analysis

100%
Bogaczewicz-Adamczak B., Kozlarska I.
Oceanological Studies
|
1999
|
vol. 28
|
issue 1-2
59-71
EN
The Swelinia Stream is one of several streams discharging into the Gulf of Gdansk in the Sopot coastal zone. The stream is inhabited by a great variety of benthic diatom flora, among which freshwater alkaliphilous diatoms, typical of eutrophic waters, are predominant. The $-meso- and $/'-mesosaprobic diatoms typical of waters moderately polluted by organic matter prevail within the saprobic groups. Xenosaprobic diatoms occur only occasionally. Quantitative analysis of diatoms, classified according to their saprobic requirements into taxa sensitive, tolerant and resistant to organic pollution, has shown that the water quality is deteriorating downstream. Evidence for this was the absence of class I water in the stream's lower course; the usual quality level is class II, which may even drop to class III in the summer and autumn.
3

Zooplankton in the artificial pond of the Botanical Garden of the Jagiellonian University in Krakow

100%
Komala Z., Przybos E.
Folia Biologica
|
2001
|
vol. 49
|
issue 1-2
99-101
EN
Paramecium caudatum and the predominant zooplanton organisms were registered in the studied pond of the Botanical Garden of the Jagiellonian University in Krakow. The finding of Stentor coeruleus indicates an improvement in the environmental conditions in Krakow, connected with the partial liquidation of the huge steelworks.
4

Contemporary investigations on the Paramecium aurelia species complex in the region of Krakow

100%
Komala Z., Przybos E.
Folia Biologica
|
1995
|
vol. 43
|
issue 1-2
15-19
EN
The study revealed an impoverishment of the planktonic community in water bodies of the Krakow region (Borek Falecki).The results compared with data obtained from 1959-1966 in the same area.Areduction in the number of taxa, especially ciliates, can now be observed.Paramecium novaurelia was the only species noted among the four species of the P.aurelia complex previously found in this area.
5

The set of oil standards for investigations on the properties of polluted seawater

100%
Kaniewski E., Otremba Z.
Oceanological Studies
|
1994
|
issue 66/7
77-82
EN
Due to necessity of standarization of the material used for investigations of the oil influence on seawater properties, the set of three types of oil has been prepared. The paper presents the mathod of preparing of the oil samples along with physico-chemical data concerning the oils used.
6

Optimisation of the microbiological mutagenicity assay based on genetically modified Vibrio harveyi strains

88%
Podgorska B., Chec E., Ulanowska K., Wegrzyn G.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2005
|
vol. 46
|
issue 2
241-246
EN
Recently, we have developed a novel assay designed for detection of mutagenic pollution of the marine environment. This assay is based on the use of a series of genetically modified strains (named BB7, BB7M, BB7X and BB7XM) of a marine bacterium Vibrio harveyi. Sensitivity of the V. harveyi mutagenicity assay was found to be similar to, or even somewhat higher than, that of the commonly used Ames test. Subsequent studies indicated that this assay may be useful in assessment of mutagenic contamination of the marine environment. Nevertheless, we assumed that improvement of this assay is still possible, and thus we aimed to optimise its procedures. Here we present our research on the optimisation of the V. harveyi mutagenicity assay, which indicated that different tester strains used in this assay give the best results depending upon the experimental conditions employed. Incubation of bacteria in a buffer, rather than in a nutrient broth, containing a mutagen, increased the efficiency of the assay with BB7 and BB7M strains, but had a deleterious effect in the case of BB7X and BB7XM. The latter couple of strains revealed higher mutagenicity in the plate assay, as compared to the liquid medium assay. However, the opposite effect was observed for BB7 and BB7M. Low-dose (1 J m?2) UV irradiation, as well as 30 min incubation in 0.1 M CaCl2, had no significant effect on the efficiency of the assay when using BB7 and BB7M, whereas the number of mutagen-induced mutants of BB7X and BB7XM strains increased about two times under these conditions. Our previous experiments indicated that various tester strains revealed different sensitivity to particular mutagens. Thus, a series of strains should be used in the assay. Results presented in this report show that different conditions should be used for two pairs of the tester strains: BB7 and BB7M, and BB7X and BB7XM.
7

Remarks on the Paramecium aurelia species complex and other zooplankton in the region of Szczawnica

88%
Komala Z.
Folia Biologica
|
1996
|
vol. 44
35-39
EN
The study revealed an impoverishement of the zooplankton community in the investigated water bodies of the Szczawnica region. The results were compared with data obtained from 1977-1983 in this area.
8

Phytoplankton-nutrient relationships during the early spring and the late autumn in a shallow and polluted reservoir

88%
Wilk-Wozniak E., Ligeza S.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
|
2003
|
issue 1
75-87
EN
The reservoir where the studies were carried out was originated by modification of an old oxbow lake of the Vistula River. The most important sources of inflowing waters are industrial waters from ?Pulawy Fertilizer Factory?. The highest variability of concentration, was NH4+-N and also Cl-, Ntot., and PO4-3. Some significant correlations between chemical properties of water and algae (especially green algae and diatoms) were found, which suggested that this phytoplankton was mainly responsible for the biogeochemical cycles in the shallow, strongly polluted reservoir. Another interesting phenomenon was the statistically positive correlation between the density of cyanobacteria and potassium, which suggested that it may play an important role in their abundance.
9

Biodegradation of petrochemical sludge on anaerobic expanded bed

88%
Gajkowska-Stefanska L.
Biotechnologia
|
2001
|
issue 4
212-219
EN
The process of biodegradation of petrochemical sludge was carried out on anaerobic expanded bed inoculated with selected strains of Desulfovibrio bacteria. Pollution in digested sludge was significantly reduced under conditions of sulphate respiration and four-day long bed operation period. The reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) was higher that 95%. 58% of the total amount of hydrocarbons (incl. aromatic hydrocarbons) was initially biotransformed. The examined process may be used as the first stage of biochemical degradation of sludge contaminated by fossil fuel products.
10

Ability for biodegradation and bioadsorption of the bacteria from Ochrobactrum genus important in bioremediation

88%
Poddebniak M., Jafra S.
Biotechnologia
|
2009
|
issue 4
152-167
EN
Bacteria from Ochrobactrum genus are found in various environments. They were isolated from soil, sewage, plant tissue and human body, where they acted as a human opportunistic pathogens. Ochrobactrum are able to degrade a wide variety of chemical substances, such as atrazine, nicotine, phenol or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and accumulate heavy metals. Many of those substances pose a threat to the environment and to mankind. The representatives of this genus also play an important role in the nitrogen cycle as one of the symbiotic bacteria of legume plants that reduce nitrites to atmospheric nitrogen. There is still little information about the genus Ochrobactrum and this is why it is necessary to focus more attention on it in terms of environmental protection.
11

Investigations on the zooplankton in the Tatras

88%
Przybos E., Komala Z.
Folia Biologica
|
1995
|
vol. 43
|
issue 1-2
21-24
EN
The 14 lakes (habitats) on the southern slope of the Tatras were investigated with regard to the Paramecium aurelia species complex and other zooplankton.No species of the aurelia group were found.Impoverishment of the remaining zooplankton was noted.
12

Heavy metal contents in sediments and the blue mussel Mytilus Edulis from three regions of the Southern Baltic Sea

88%
Perkowska A., Protasowski M.
Oceanological Studies
|
1996
|
vol. 25
|
issue 4
55-63
EN
Samples were collected .from three areas of the Baltic Sea: Kiel, Warnem?nde, Swinoujscie. The concentrations of Hg, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu were determined in sediments and mussel tissue (Mytilus edulis); the sediment samples were also analysed for Cr, Ni, Mn, V, Fe and Mn. Differences between the metal contents in the sediment samples in the various areas were found - the highest level was noted in the Kiel region. The Warnem?nde and ?wnouj?cie areas were comparable in this respect. In the Swinoujscie and Kiel regions the level of heavy metals in sediment decreased with distance from the entrance to the ports. Since the finding did not correspond to the metal levels in the mussel tissue, using the mussel Mytilus edulis as a bioindicator of heavy metal pollution seems questionable.
13

Using benthic diatom communities and diatom indices to assess water pollution in the Puck Bay (Southern Baltic Sea) littoral zone

88%
Bogaczewicz-Adamczak B., Dziengo M.
|
EN
The subject of the study were the benthic diatom communities of the Puck Bay littoral zone. Samples of the sediments were taken from sites situated near the sewage treatment plant at Swarzewo from June 1998 to May 1999. The analysis of the species composition and the relative percentages of the diatom indicative groups were used to evaluate water quality. The following ecological factors were taken into consideration: salinity, trophic status and saprobity. Following Lange?Bertalot (1979), water quality was classified based on a 5-degree scale of saprobity. It was correlated to the percentages of the sensitive, tolerant and resistant diatoms taxa and their reaction to organic matter content. The water quality evaluation was tested with the diatom indices using Omnidia 3 software. The results of the diatom studies indicate that the dominating groups were the oligohalobous and mesohalobous taxa, which are characteristic of eutrophic waters and contain biogenic compounds, mainly nitrogen and phosphorus. The most abundant groups in the saprobic spectrum were the resistant (-mesosaprobic, polysaprobic) and tolerant (-mesosaprobic, /-mesosaprobic) diatoms, which are indicators of water purity class II (III), and in summer, predominantly class III. The comparison of the results of diatom analysis of the Puck Bay microphytobenthos obtained with the Lange?Bertalot (1979) method and the those acquired with Omnidia 3 software demonstrates the possibility of applying it to evaluate environmental status and assess polluted brackish waters.
14

Effects of heavy metal pollution on genetic variation and cytological disturbances in the Pinus sylvestris L. population

75%
Prus-Glowacki W., Chudzinska E., Wojnicka-Poltorak A., Kozacki L., Fagiewicz K.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2006
|
vol. 47
|
issue 2
99-108
EN
This isoenzymatic and cytogenetic study has shown significant differences in genetic composition between two groups of Pinus sylvestris trees: tolerant and sensitive to heavy metal pollution. Total and mean numbers of alleles and genotypes per locus were higher in the pollution-sensitive group of trees, but heterozygosity (Ho) was lower in this group. Fixation index (F) indicates that trees tolerant for pollution were in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, while the sensitive group had a significant excess of homozygosity. Cytological analyses demonstrated numerous aberrations of chromosomes in meristematic root tissue of seedlings developed from seeds collected from trees in the polluted area. The aberrations included chromosome bridges and stickiness, laggards, retarded and forward chromosomes, and their fragments. The mitotic index was markedly lower in this group of seedlings, as compared to the control. Both isoenzymatic and cytological analyses showed a significant influence of heavy metal ions on the genetic structure of the Pinus sylvestris population.
15

Further Investigations on the zooplankton in the Tatras

75%
Przybos E.
Folia Biologica
|
1996
|
vol. 44
31-34
EN
13 habitats (17 sampling places) in the Slovak Tatra National Park were investigated with regard to the Paramecium aurelia species complex and other zooplankton. No species of the aurelia complex were found, only paramecium bursaria and P. caudatum were recorded at some sampling places. In the studied water bodies acidification of water was noted. This caused impoverishment of their zooplankton composition including ciliates.
16

Water quality study of the Condor and Capivara streams, Porto Alegre Municipal District, Rs, Brazil, using epilithic diatom biocenoses as bioindicators

75%
Lobo E. A., Callegaro V. L. M., Wetzel C. E., Hermany G., Bes D.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
|
2004
|
issue 2
77-93
EN
The aim of this work was to evaluate the water quality of two urban streams, Condor and Capivara, in the Municipal District of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, by measuring physical, chemical and biological variables. Between May 1999 and August 2000, six field trips were taken to sample five sites distributed along the streams. Multivariate canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was applied for the complete evaluation of physical, chemical and biological data. It was confirmed that phosphate had the largest impact on ordination and exhibited an evident eutrophication gradient. Mayamaea atomus, Amphora montana, Sellaphora pupula and Cyclotella meneghiniana were extremely abundant under such conditions.
17

Microorganisms resistant to heavy metals and toxic chemicals as indicators of environmental pollution and their use in bioremediation

75%
Haq R. U., Shakoori A. R., Haq R. U., Shakoori a. R.
Folia Biologica
|
2000
|
vol. 48
|
issue 3-4
143-147
EN
Microorganisms present in water samples from various industrial effluents were analysed for their resistance to lead, chromium, and cadmium. The ability of these microorganisms to grow on or metabolize toxic hydrocarbons and pesticides was also checked. Microorganisms in samples from the steel and tanning industries were generally resistant to metal ions but were not capable of metabolizing toxic hydrocarbons. Conversely, microorganisms found in samples of pesticide and from the chemical industry were capable of metabolizing hydrocarbons and pesticides but were not much resistant to metal ions. Microorganisms from effluents of the paint industry and urban wastes were resistant to lead. A correlation between the population of microorganisms and the type of pollution was observed. Indigenous microorganism could be regarded as indicators of pollution and be used in various operations to resist, process, metabolize, and detoxify toxic industrial wastes.
18

Biodegradation of pollutions using an activated sludge immobilized inside the ceramic carrier

75%
Wojnowska-Baryla I., Babuchowski A., Zielinska M., Wojnowska-Bary?a I., Wojnowska-Bary?a I.
Biotechnologia
|
2001
|
issue 1
161-170
EN
Carbon and nitrogen removal in dependence on the retention time and pollution loading was investigated using biomass immobilized inside macroporous ceramic carrier. Efficiency of carbon removal was 78%, nitrification rate ? 91,7%, denitrification rate ? 64,9%, when the technological parameter were: volumetric loading 5,9 g/dm3 d, hydraulic retention time 34 min, intrinsic recirculation 50 dm3/h.
19

The regional characteristics of the Gdansk basin

63%
Andrulewicz E.
|
|
issue 1-2
11-16
20

Is the pollution of the Baltic Sea increasing?

63%
Kowalewska G.
Oceanological Studies
|
2000
|
vol. 29
|
issue 1
21-29
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