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1

Genotype-dependent variation in the transpiration efficiency of plants and photosynthetic activity of flag leaves in spring barley under varied nutrition

100%
Krzeminska A., Gorny A. G.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2003
|
vol. 44
|
issue 4
481-489
EN
In the study, spring barley genotypes of various origin and breeding history were found to show a broad genetic variation in the vegetative and generative measures of the whole-plant transpiration efficiency (TE), photosynthesis (A) and transpiration (E) rates of flag leaves, leaf efficiency of gas exchange (A/E) and stress tolerance (T) when grown till maturity in soil-pots under high and reduced NPK supplies. Broad-sense heritabilities for the characteristics ranged from 0.61 to 0.87. Significant genotype-nutrition interactions were noticed, constituting 19-23 % of the total variance in TE measures. The results suggest that at least some ?exotic? accessions from Ethiopia, Syria, Morocco and/or Tibet may serve as attractive genetic sources of novel variations in TE, T and A for the breeding of barleys of improved adaptation to less favourable fertilisation.
2

Microbiological processes taking place in Dobczyce reservoir during spring water bloom

100%
Bednarz T., Starzecka T.
Oceanological Studies
|
1998
|
vol. 27
|
issue 2
13-21
EN
In waters of Dobczyce reservoir, the organic carbon content, biomass of algae and bacteria, respiration of bacteria and respiration of aquatic organisms (measured by oxygen uptake), and energetic expenditures per unit of bacterial biomass ('costs of maintenance') at the beginning of spring water bloom (May, 1996) caused by Nitzschia palea (Kutz.) W. Sm. were greater than those in the second phase of bloom. However, photosynthesis of algae was greater in the second one. In the surface layer of bottom sediments, the greatest values of measured parameters were noted in the second phase of water bloom but the 'costs of maintenance' of bacteria reached maximum values one week after of water bloom break.
3

Genetic variation in the efficiency of nitrogen utilization and photosynthetic activity of flag leaves among the old and modern germplasm of winter wheat

100%
Gorny A. G., Garczynski S., Banaszak Z., Lugowska B.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2006
|
vol. 47
|
issue 3
231-237
EN
Genotypic variation in major components of the efficiency of nitrogen utilization and photosynthetic activity of flag leaves among old (released 1881?1963) and modern (released 1969?2003) cultivars of winter wheat was studied in field conditions under varied N fertilization levels (110, 90 and 80 kg N ha?1). Significant genotypic differences were observed for all characters. Their heritabilities ranged from 0.37 to 0.93 and were the lowest for the leaf efficiency of gas exchange, photosynthetic rate, straw N content and the economic index of N utilization efficiency (NUE). Some modern cultivars exhibited an enhanced tolerance to N shortage and several attributes of efficient N utilization (e.g. later senescing and more photosynthetically active flag leaves, increased ability to redistribute N into grains). The genotypes may serve as donors of appropriate characteristics for breeding. The observed cultivar-by-fertilization interactions suggest, however, that evaluations under diverse fertilization regimes may be necessary when searching for improved wheat efficiency and adaptation to less favourable environments.
4

The effect of amino and polycarboxylic acids on the toxicity of cobalt to phytoplankton cells

100%
Kosakowska A.
Oceanological Studies
|
1996
|
vol. 25
|
issue 4
47-54
EN
The effect of the amino acids l-cysteine (CYS-SH), l-aspartic acid (ASP-OH) and l-glutamic acid (GLU-OH), and of polycarboxylic acids (PCAs) on the biological activity of co-balt in cultures of Scenedesmus armatus (Chodat) and Synechocystis aquatilis (Sauvageau) was investigated. The influence of metal ions was determined by measurements of chlorophyll a content in the cultures and rates of carbon fixation by the phytoplankton cells. The addition of cobalt (2.5*10-6 M) to the cultures caused inhibition of growth, monitored by the chlorophyll a concentration and the photosynthetic rate of both green algae and cyano-bacteria. It was found that these acids significantly increased the chlorophyll a content in both algal species when treated with cobalt. Polycarboxylates, CYS-SH and ASP-OH also increased the rate of C-14 incorporation into algal cells in both cultures, whereas GLU-OH was effective in cultures of Synechocystis only.The results indicate that organic compounds, polycarboxylates and amino acids modify the biological activity of the cobalt. The environmental consequences of these processes are considered.
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