Search results

1

The effect of milk consumption on bone mass density in obese and thin adult women

100%

Habibzadeh N.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

|

2010

|

vol. 2

81-84

EN

Study aim: To assess the effect of milk consumption lasting two months on BMD of obese and thin young women.Material and methods: A group of 38 untrained women (18 obese [O] - BMI>30, and 20 thin [T] - BMI<20), aged 20 - 25, years participated in the study. They were randomly assigned into BMI-matched experimental [E] or control [C] groups containing 9 obese and 10 thin subjects each. Experimental groups were given 2 glasses of milk (600 mg/day of calcium; fat content 1.5%) for 2 months, 3 days a week. At the beginning (Pre) and at the end (Post) of the study, bone mass density (BMD) at the hip and spine (L2-L4) was measured using DEXA technique, and oestrogens, calcium and phosphorus were determined in serum. Body fat content (%F) and lean body mass (LBM) were determined using the bioimpedance (BIA) technique.Results: In both experimental groups BMD significantly (p<0.05 - 0.001) increased in both areas by 4 - 7%. In the TE group, %F significantly (p<0.05) decreased by 8% and LBM significantly (p<0.001) increased by 3%. Serum calcium decreased in all groups except OC by 3 - 5% (p<0.05 - 0.01) and oestrogens markedly increased in all groups except TC.Conclusion: The data suggest that adequate milk intake (thus calcium) in adolescence is an indicator of attaining adequate bone mass density, thus preventing the risk of osteoporosis.

2

Effects of indoor cycling associated with diet on body composition and serum lipids

100%

do Valle V., de Mello D., Fortes M. d. S., Dantas E.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

|

2009

|

vol. 1

11-15

EN

Study aim: To determine the effects of indoor cycling training combined with restricted diet, lasting 12 weeks, on serum lipid concentrations in obese women.Material and methods: Twenty women aged 23.8 ± 3.6 years were randomly assigned into two groups: control (C) and experimental (E), the latter subjected to indoor cycling at various loads, 3 sessions weekly, every session lasting 45 min, combined with restricted diet (about 1200 kcal daily) for 12 weeks. The following variables were recorded: body height and mass, BMI, relative body fat content (from 7 skinfolds), fat-free mass, triglycerides, cholesterol and lipoproteins (HDL, LDL, VLDL).Results: Significant increase in HDL and significant decreases in all other variables (except body height) were noted only in the experimental group.Conclusions: Indoor cycling associated with restricted diet is an excellent option in controlling obesity and serum lipids.

3

Effect of Modified High Intensity Interval Training on Fat Loss

100%

Dominic D., Kishore S.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

|

2021

|

vol. 35

|

issue 3

49-56

EN

Exercise has multiple health benefits and is a critical component in managing overweight and obesity. High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) involves brief high-intensity anaerobic exercise followed by rest or very low intensity exercise. 24 men and women (age 18–60 years) volunteered to participate in a 6 weeks of modified HIIT exercises program where whole body functional training exercises was provided. Their body weight, body mass index, waist to hip ratio and skin fold fat were measured at the beginning and at the end of the 6 weeks duration. Statistical significance was found between the variables at p < 0.05. The results showed that a Modified HIIT exercise Program based on Body weight training results in considerable decrease in level of sub-cutaneous adiposity up to 77.8%. Obesity and overweight have become complex pandemic disorders where in physical inactivity and lack of time to exercise plays a major role leading to various complications. Reduction in adiposity through structured exercises protocols will improve body composition and Cardio-metabolic health . Novel interventions such as modified HIIT serve as the perfect pathway to address the time factor and enhancement of physical activity as well.

4

Effect of Monosodium Glutamate on the Body System

100%

Adeleke D. A., Olajide P. A., Omowumi O. S., Okunlola D. D., Taiwo A. M., Adetuyi B. O.

|

vol. 44

1-23

EN

Worldwide, monosodium glutamate is utilized as a flavor enhancer and is composed of essential amino acids for nutrition. Numerous health issues are thought to be linked to monosodium glutamate. Studies have demonstrated that monosodium glutamate has harmful side effects, notably in animals, such as the development of obesity and diabetes as well as hepatotoxic, neurotoxic, and genotoxic consequences. According to several accounts, human subjects were becoming more ravenous, eating more, and becoming obese. Only a few human studies have been done to examine the potential genotoxic, neurotoxic, and hepatotoxic consequences of monosodium glutamate. Exploring the molecular and metabolic mechanisms relating to monosodium glutamate will need a lot of investigation.

5

Complications during pregnancy, labor and puerperium in women with increased BMI at pregnancy term

100%

Mamula O., Severinski N., Mamula M., Severinski S.

Open Medicine

|

2009

|

vol. 4

|

issue 1

71-75

EN

The aim of this study was to analyse perinatal complications in woman with increased BMI at pregnancy term. Study included 23190 women who gave singleton birth during a 10-year period in our institution. Maternal databases were reviewed for pregnancy, labor and delivery complications and early maternal postpartum morbidity. Women with increased BMI at pregnancy term had a significantly higer incidence of postterm pregnancy, gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension and third trimester hemorrhage, compared to normal weight women (p 0.000). Women with increased BMI had significantly more labor induction with prostaglandins (p 0.001 and 0.000) and elective caesarean (p 0.025 and 0.000). Also, overweight and obese women had higher incidence of operative delivery: caesarean section (p 0.000) and vacuum extraction (p 0.000). The incidences of postpartum febrility (p 0.057, 0.000, 0.002) and trombophlebits (p 0.013) were also significantly higher. We can conclude that prepregnancy normal weight women with increased BMI during pregnancy need special follow-up and counseling in pregnancy and delivery.

6

Association between weight status and recreational drug abuse in Korean adolescents

100%

Baek S.-I., So W.-Y.

|

EN

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between weight status and recreational drug use in Korean adolescents. A total of 72,399 adolescent students (38,152 boys and 34,247 girls) from the middle first to high third grade participated in the 5th Korea Youth Risk Behaviour Web-based Survey (KYRBWS-V) project in 2009. They were assessed for body mass index (BMI) and recreational drug abuse. The associations between BMI and recreational drug use were examined using multivariable logistic regression analysis after adjusting for the covariate variables of age, smoking frequency and cigarette consumption, frequency of alcohol consumption and severe alcohol intoxication, amount of alcohol consumed, parents’ education level, economic status, sedentary activities during the week, mental stress, sleep duration, frequency of vigorous and moderate physical activities, and muscular strength exercises during the week. For boys, the odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) between overweight and drug use were 0.990 (0.723–1.356; p = 0.950) for almost none, 0.939 (0.521–1.693; p = 0.834) for past use, and 0.791 (0.385–1.624; p = 0.523) for present use. The OR (95% CI) between obesity and drug use was 0.731(0.508–1.052; p = 0.091) for almost none, 0.755 (0.389–1.465; p = 0.407) for past use, and 0.701 (0.314–1.565; p = 0.386) for present use. For girls, the OR (95% CI) between overweight and drug use was 1.112 (0.702–1.763; p = 0.650) for almost none, 1.103 (0.464–2.619; p = 0.825) for past use, and 0.927 (0.267–3.218; p = 0.905) for present use. The OR (95% CI) between obesity and drug abuse was 0.594 (0.261–1.352; p = 0.215) for almost none, 1.318 (0.462–3.764; p = 606) for past use, and <0.001(<0.001–<0.001; p = 0.998) for present use. We concluded that recreational drug use had no correlation with overweight and obesity in Korean adolescents.

7

The effect of orlistat on body weight in obese Czech adults

100%

Pavlík V., Fajfrová J., Drahokoupilová E.

Open Medicine

|

2013

|

vol. 8

|

issue 5

553-557

8

Analyzing selected risk factors for the development of kidney cancer

88%

Kollárová H., Azeem-Skřejpková K., Tomášková H., Horáková D., Magnusková S., Janout V.

Open Medicine

|

2012

|

vol. 7

|

issue 1

78-84

EN

The aim of this study was to determine influence of selected lifestyle factors on kidney cancer. The study brings data from two centres of international multicentric hospital-based analytical observational case-control studies. Data were obtained from a group of 300 patients newly diagnosed with kidney cancer (ICD-O-2 code C64) and 335 controls from two centres in the Czech Republic. Results showed that smoking increased OR to 1.09 (95% CI 0.77–1.55) and 1.06 (95% CI 0.73–1.52), but the results were not statistically significant. Obesity (BMI⩾30) created adjusted OR 1.71 (95% CI 1.11–2.66) and 1.44 (95% CI 0.91–2.28), showing a minor, statistically insignificant, effect of obesity on the development of kidney cancer. For hypertension, adjusted OR was 1.73 (95% CI 1.25–2.40), suggesting a minor to moderate effect of hypertension on kidney cancer. The analysis results showed a positive association between hereditary predisposition and the development of kidney cancer with an OR of 1.97 (95% CI 1.41–2.76) and 1.97 (95% CI 1.40–2.77) depending on the model of adjustment. The reasons for the high incidence of kidney cancer are not fully understood. Genetic polymorphisms, together with other lifestyle and environmental factors, are likely to contribute to various rates of kidney cancer incidence throughout the world.

9

Are three months multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention enough to get benefits on blood pressure in overweight/obese adults ?

88%

Pippi R., Bini V., Reginato E., Aiello C., Fanelli C.

Physical Activity Review

|

2021

|

vol. 1

|

issue 9

40-53

EN

The aim of the study is to determine the effects of a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention (including a short period of physical exercise) on some health-related variables, particularly on blood pressure, in an overweight/obese adult group. The main outcome was blood pressure lowering. The study involved 378 subjects affected by obesity or type 2 diabetes. The intervention included exercise, nutrition and psychological aspects. Before and after the intervention, several anthropometrics, cardiovascular risk related measures (height, body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, body composition and WHTR index) and physical exercise measures (aerobic capacity, flexibility and dynamic muscle strength) were evaluated through fitness tests. We observed a significant reduction in: blood pressure values, body weight, BMI, waist circumference, WHTR, fat mass and an improvement of fat free mass and physical exercise measures. The C.U.R.I.A.Mo. multidisciplinary approach is effective for reducing blood pressure, after relatively few exercise sessions (three weeks), particularly in patients with hypertension. The intervention can ameliorate the health status and physical performance in the short term, in normotensive and hypertensive adult subjects with overweight/obesity.

10

Effect of Tetracarpidium conophorum nut extracts on body and organ weights of monosodium glutamate obesity-induced in albino wistar rats

88%

Abraham E. J., Atangwho I. J., Achukee C. K., Udoubom I. A., Abang C., Ekon I. E., Nwankwor K. C.

World News of Natural Sciences

|

2024

|

vol. 52

1-11

EN

This study aimed to assess the effect of Tetracarpidium conophorum nut extracts on body weight and organ/tissue weight in monosodium glutamate obesity- induced in Wistar rats. With the global obesity epidemic lacking an effective cure, this investigation holds significance. Twenty-five Wistar rats (15 males and 10 females) were utilized, housed in well-ventilated cages at a 3:2 female-to-male ratio Monosodium glutamate was induced in pups using intraperitoneal monosodium glutamate injections from postnatal days 2 through 10. Normal controls received saline, and all experimental animals were raised on standard rat chow until reaching a weight of ≥150g. The study encompassed five groups, each consisting of 7 animals. Groups IV, V, and VI were treated with Tetracarpidium conophorum nut extracts: ethanol whole extract (EWE), ethyl acetate extract (EAE), and ethanol residue (ER), respectively. Group III, the standard control was given 5.14g/kg of Orlistat reconstituted in normal saline. Experimental animals of groups I and II served as the normal and obese controls, respectively. After a six-week treatment period, the animals were euthanized for organ harvesting. Results indicated varying weight changes among treatment groups compared to controls. The EWE-treated group displayed a notable decrease in weight (-1.40 ± 8.42) compared to the obese control (8.29 ± 8.29). Similarly, EAE-treated animals exhibited weight reduction (-6.90 ± 12.29), as did the ER-treated group (-0.10 ± 12.22). Evidently, EWE treatment induced the most substantial weight loss. Tetracarpidium conophorum nut extracts demonstrated potential in alleviating obesity-related weight gain in the rat model.

11

B-cell activating factor (BAFF) - a new factor linking immunity to diet?

88%

Bienertova-Vasku J., Bienert P., Zlamal F., Tomandl J., Forejt M., Tomandlova M., Vavrina M., Kudelková J., Splichal Z., Vasku A.

Open Medicine

|

2012

|

vol. 7

|

issue 3

275-283

EN

B cell activation factor (BAFF) is a recently discovered member of the TNF ligand superfamily secreted by adipocytes, previously linked to autoimmune and lymphoproliferative disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between BAFF plasma levels and the non-modified, usual dietary composition as well as obesity-related anthropometric parameters in a cohort of 58 obese and non-obese Central-European Caucasian individuals. We found that BAFF had an independent predictive role for percentage of body fat; moreover, BAFF levels were correlated with waist and hip circumference. BAFF plasma levels were also significantly correlated with investigated dietary composition based on the 7-day food records, as the BAFF levels correlated with the percentage of energy derived from the carbohydrates and with energy derived from the dietary fat. Our results suggest that BAFF may play a role in linking the immune status and metabolic response to diet.

12

Gender effect on vascular responsiveness after bariatric surgery

88%

Blum A., Tamir S., Hazzan D., Podvitzky O., Sirchan R., Keinan-Boker L., Ben-Shushan R., Geron N.

Open Medicine

|

2013

|

vol. 8

|

issue 5

531-538

EN

Obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, is associated with increased risks of arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, sleep apnea, coronary artery disease, stroke and mortality. Weight loss surgery is the most effective treatment for morbid obesity, mainly because medical and dietary treatments have been proven insufficient in the long run. Our primary end point was to study the gender effect on vascular responsiveness (endothelial function and the ankle brachial index [ABI]) 3 months post bariatric surgery. Our secondary end points were to study the effect of gender on antropometric parameters (BMI, waist circumference) and chronic diseases (diabetes mellitus type II, arterial hypertension) 3 months following bariatric surgery, and to find independent variables that may affect and predict the post-operative clinical outcome. Methods: In this prospective study, patients were evaluated one day before surgery and 3 months afterwards. Ankle brachial index was measured while the patient was supine after 15 minutes rest and measurement of the systolic blood pressure in all four extremities was done. The brachial artery method was used to measure endothelial function expressed as flow mediated diameter percent change (FMD %). FMD% more than 10% is considered a normal response. Results: Compared with diabetic females, diabetic males had a higher postoperative BMI (men with diabetes mellitus did not lose weight as much as diabetic women) (β=-0.299; P=0.04), while women with diabetes mellitus had a more significant reduction in BMI postoperatively (β=+0.287; P=0.04). Following bariatric surgery, 12 of the 21 patients with diabetes mellitus type II did not need any medications for diabetes (kept HbA1c% less than 6.5%). All other diabetic patients improved their diabetes mellitus status. Women significantly improved their ABI (average increase of 0.07, p=0.04) and their endothelial function (FMD% change was improved from -3.5±9.0% to 14.8±8.1%, an improvement of 18.3%, p<0.001). Systolic blood pressure was decreased significantly (by 6.6 mmHg, p=0.04). Men improved their endothelial function (FMD% change was improved from -1.3±10.1% to 11.7±6.2%, p<0.001), but no significant change was observed in systolic blood pressure (p=0.29) nor in ABI (P=0.8). A linear regression analysis found that a higher baseline FMD% significantly predicted a higher postoperative FMD% (β=0.294, P=0.03). In obese males, the higher the baseline BMI the worse the post operative endothelial function (β=-0.921, Pd<0.001) and the same adverse effect was documented for hypertensive men (β=-0.380, P=0.05). For females, the higher the baseline FMD% the higher the postoperative FMD% (β=+0.397; P=0.01) [a favorable outcome]. Discussion: Our study has demonstrated a possible mechanistic insight into gender effects observed in epidemiological studies through improvement in vascular response in females undergoing this operation including a better reduction in systolic blood pressure and a better weight reduction in diabetic women with improvement in ABI; unlike males, who did not improve their ABI and did not decrease systolic blood pressure, and the finding that obese diabetic males and obese hypertensive males did the worst.

13

The relationship between features of metabolic syndrome and blood adipocytokine concentrations in the morbid obese patients during dynamic weight loss

88%

Jankiewicz-Wika J., Kołomecki K., Cywiński J., Piestrzeniewicz K., Stępień H., Komorowski J.

Open Medicine

|

2006

|

vol. 1

|

issue 2

136-147

EN

Bariatric surgery is the most effective method to achieve weight loss in obese subjects. The aim of this study was to evaluate some adipocytokines and insulin, as well as parameters of metabolic syndrome of the obese patients, for three and six months after vertical banded gastroplasty, in the time of dynamic weight loss. Seven males and two females aged 28 to 49 years, with long lasting simple obesity and the presence of metabolic syndrome, were studied. After surgical treatment the values of the body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood concentrations of leptin decreased significantly. Before surgical operation of all obese patients no statistically significant correlations between studied parameters were noted. Three and six months later a lot of correlations between studied parameters appeared. In conclusion, (a) vertical-banded gastroplasty is a valuable method in treatment of obese subjects, leading to a significant decrease in body weight and improvement in some parameters of metabolic syndrome in a few months after surgery, (b) adipocytokines, together with an unknown gastric factor, may be key factors in the control of some features of the metabolic syndrome.

14

sRAGE is associated with low waist circumference and Hb levels in NAFLD

88%

Hyogo H., Yamagishi S.-i., Maeda S., Nakahara T., Kimura Y., Chayama K.

Open Medicine

|

2013

|

vol. 8

|

issue 6

830-834

EN

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and the receptor RAGE interaction is involved in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Although exogenously administered soluble RAGE (sRAGE) has been shown to block the harmful effects of AGEs in animal models, there is still controversy about the role of sRAGE in humans. We examined here which anthropometric, metabolic and clinical variables were independent correlates of sRAGE levels in NAFLD patients. The study involved 77 biopsy-proven, unmedictaed NAFLD patients (44 male and 33 female) with a mean age of 43.4±13.0 years old. We examined which anthropometric, metabolic and clinical variables, including liver steatosis and fibrosis markers, are independently associated with serum levels of sRAGE. Mean serum levels of sRAGE were 710.7±290.2 pg/mL. Univariate analysis revealed that waist circumference (inversely), hemoglobin (inversely), number of white blood cells (inversely), total-bilirubin (inversely), free fatty acid (inversely), ferritin (inversely), and HbA1c (inversely) were significantly correlated with serum levels of sRAGE. In multiple stepwise regression analysis, waist circumference (p<0.01, inversely) and hemoglobin (p<0.01, inversely) were independently associated with serum levels of sRAGE (R2=0.176). The present study reveals that low serum levels of sRAGE are independently associated with waist circumference and hemoglobin in patients with NAFLD.

15

Differences in the body composition and biochemistry in women grouped as normal-weight, overweight and obese according to body mass index and their relation with cardiometabolic risk

88%

Ozenoglu A., Ugurlu S., Can G., Sarkis C., Demirel Y.

Open Medicine

|

2010

|

vol. 5

|

issue 6

724-732

EN

Morbidity of obesity-related diseases tends to increase due to a rise in the body mass index (BMI). We aimed to investigate how the body composition and biochemical parameters change while BMI increases in adult women were categorized as so: as normal weight, overweight and obese. Our objectives are to study the effects of those changes in the development of metabolic disturbances and to find out which parameters are the most sensitive to predict cardiometabolic risks. Three hundred and twenty two records of adult women (mean age: 38.62±12.71 year) who admitted to our unit concerning about losing or preserving their weights, were analyzed in the study. All patients had undergone anthropometric measurements and body composition analyses as well as some biochemical tests. Body composition analyses were performed by means of the Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer (BIA). Increase in BMI significantly increased the body fat, blood sugar, insulin, triglyceride and uric acid levels. BMI and circumference of the waist were significantly and negatively correlated with the ratio of body water and lean mass/fat mass. However they were positively correlated with the ratio of fat mass and basal metabolism. Furthermore, it was also found that BMI and circumference of the waist were significantly and positively correlated with level of fasting blood sugar, insulin, triglyceride, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), uric acid and fibrinogen levels, and negatively correlated with high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level. In multiple regression analyses, circumference of waist measurements was significantly correlated with insulin, triglyseride and HDL, whereas the correlation between BMI and these parameters was not found significant. Total body fat mass (as %) showed significant correlation only with HDL-C level. It could be said that obesity which is a disorder that causes many health complications and affects the quality of life in the short and long term could be prevented or cured by keeping negative environmental conditions under control. According to our results, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) measurement was thought to be more related for metabolic and cardiovascular disorders rather than BMI. We also propose to test fasting blood glucose, insulin, triglyceride, HDL, fibrinogen, homocystein (HOM) levels along with VAT measurements to predict more truly about not only global cardiometabolic risk but also dementia in later life.

16

The polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) status and cardiovascular risk in young women

88%

Ilie I., Pepene C., Marian I., Mocan T., Hazi G., Drăgotoiu G., Ilie R., Mocan L., Duncea I.

Open Medicine

|

2011

|

vol. 6

|

issue 1

64-75

EN

The study investigated the presence of early vascular damage and chronic inflammation, and their relationships with hormonal and metabolic parameters in 45 young women with PCOS in comparison with thirty-two healthy age-matched controls. Hormonal and metabolic profiles, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), tumoral necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), endothelin-1 (ET-1), brachial flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) were determined in both groups. Compared with the controls, women with PCOS had significantly lower FMD and respectively higher ET-1 levels (p=0.001). No differences were observed between the groups in terms of CIMT or inflammatory markers. In the PCOS group, ET-1 levels were significantly correlated with only testosterone concentrations (r = 0.31, p = 0.037), whereas the hsCRP levels were independently predicted only by body mass index (BMI). Within the total group, the PCOS status was the sole significant predictor of ET-1 levels and the only independent predictor of FMD. In conclusion, there is evidence of endothelial dysfunction associated with increased levels of androgen hormones in young women with PCOS. The combination of endothelial dysfunction and coexistent obesity promoting inflammation contributes to the progression of atherogenesis in PCOS. The PCOS status should be regarded as a predictor marker of cardiovascular risk, along with well-known cardiovascular risk factors.

17

Physical self-concept, trait depression and readiness for physical activity of obese patients

88%

Boros S., Halmy L.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

|

2009

|

vol. 1

60-62

EN

Study aim: To assess the physical self-concept, trait depression and readiness for physical activity in relation to the degree of obesity.Material and methods: Obese (Grade I and II; n = 59) and morbidly obese (Grade III; n = 42) patients aged 30 - 66 years, as well as 83 non-obese college students aged 30 ± 7.3 years were studied. Physical self-concept, trait depression and readiness for physical activity were determined apart from anthropometric measurements including body fat content.Results: Physical self-concept was inversely associated with the degree of obesity. Morbidly obese (Grade III) who were more satisfied with their body were also more ready for physical activity (r = 0.394; p<0.01). Trait depression and physical self-concept were negatively correlated in both groups.Conclusion: Body satisfaction may play an important role in the protection against depression and enhance the readiness for physical activity of obese patients.

18

The changes in running economy during puberty in overweight and normal weight boys

75%

Maciejczyk M., Gradek J., Szymura J., Cempla J., Więcek M., Tota Ł.

Biomedical Human Kinetics

|

2015

|

vol. 7

|

issue 1

EN

Study aim: running economy (RE) is important indicator of endurance performance. During puberty dynamic changes in body composition and function are observed, as such RE is also expected to change. The aim of the study was to compare the running economy (RE) in overweight and normoweight boys during a running exercise performed with constant velocity, and the assessment of changes in RE during puberty. Material and methods: the RE of the subjects was evaluated twice: at the age of 11–12 and two years later. 18 overweight and 17 normal weight boys performed a graded test and a week later a submaximal run on a mechanical treadmill. During the exercise, physiological variables (oxygen uptake, heart rate, pulmonary ventilation, tidal volume and breathing frequency) were measured. Results: the intensity of work in both tests (%VO2max, %HRmax) was significantly higher in the overweight boys and decreased with age (non significantly) in both groups. The physiological response during the run in the overweight boys was significantly higher compared to normal weight. When the oxygen uptake was expressed as VO2.BM–0.75, the RE was similar in normal weight and overweight boys. During puberty, the inter-group differences in the metabolic cost of work stay at a relatively stable level. Conclusions: the lowered endurance performance in the overweight boys during puberty remains unchanged. The changes in physiological variables during puberty in both groups occurred in a similar way – the body composition did not influence the course of these changes in puberty.

19

Navigated versus conventional drilling of the knee in a model of obesity

75%

Beckmann J., Tingart M., Goetz J., Anders S., Grifka J., Kock F.

Open Medicine

|

2008

|

vol. 3

|

issue 1

89-95

EN

Core decompression by exact drilling into ischemic lesions of the femoral condyle stays a challenging procedure, particularly in obese patients. The precision of fluoroscopically-based drilling compared to conventional drilling was evaluated in an in-vitro model for obesity. 40 sawbones were prepared mimicking osteonecrosis in obese patients. 20 sawbones were drilled by guidance of an intraoperative navigation system VectorVision® (BrainLAB, Munich, Germany); the other 20 sawbones were conventionally drilled by fluoroscopic control only. Regarding the distance to the desired mid-point of the lesion, a statistically significant difference with 0.55 mm in the navigated group and 1.19 mm in the control group could be stated (p<0.001). Significant differences were further found for the number of drilling corrections (p<0.001) and radiation time needed (p<0.001). Even in difficult circumstances as in obese patients, the drilling guided by the VectorVision®-navigation system shows high precision with simultaneous enormous reduction of radiation time.

20

Impact of ER gene polymorphisms on overweight and obesity in Down Syndrome

75%

Ferrara M., Capozzi L., Russo R.

Open Medicine

|

2008

|

vol. 3

|

issue 3

271-278

EN

The impact of ER XbaI and PvuII α gene polymorphisms on overweight and obesity were studied in 77 subjects with Down Syndrome (DS), of which 32 were children (18 boys, 14 girls), mean age 8.7 ± 2.3 years, and 45 adolescents (28 boys, 17 girls) mean age 14 ± 2.5 years. Their lifestyle was compared to 40 healthy age-matched controls. DS subjects had significant lesser physical activity than controls (p<0.05) and a lower caloric intake than the recommended requirements, which was significantly lesser than controls (p<0.05). Body Mass Index (BMI), Arm Circumference (AC) and Triceps Skinfold Thickness (TST) were significantly higher in DS subjects than controls (p<0.05), while metabolic and cardiovascular parameters were not significantly different between the groups (p>0.05). The frequency of ER genotypes in DS subjects was compared with the healthy controls, finding that there was a high prevalence of XXER genotype in DS subjects. Children and adolescents with DS, lacking ER XbaI site, showed significantly higher BMI and body fat distribution than other XbaI genotypes. The lack of ER XbaI site can indicate added risk of obesity in DS. No differences in metabolic and cardiovascular parameters were observed among ER genotypes. However, childhood obesity is associated with increased cardiovascular risk.

Refine search results

The effect of milk consumption on bone mass density in obese and thin adult women

Effects of indoor cycling associated with diet on body composition and serum lipids

Effect of Modified High Intensity Interval Training on Fat Loss

Effect of Monosodium Glutamate on the Body System

Complications during pregnancy, labor and puerperium in women with increased BMI at pregnancy term

Association between weight status and recreational drug abuse in Korean adolescents

The effect of orlistat on body weight in obese Czech adults

Analyzing selected risk factors for the development of kidney cancer

Are three months multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention enough to get benefits on blood pressure in overweight/obese adults ?

Effect of Tetracarpidium conophorum nut extracts on body and organ weights of monosodium glutamate obesity-induced in albino wistar rats

B-cell activating factor (BAFF) - a new factor linking immunity to diet?

Gender effect on vascular responsiveness after bariatric surgery

The relationship between features of metabolic syndrome and blood adipocytokine concentrations in the morbid obese patients during dynamic weight loss

sRAGE is associated with low waist circumference and Hb levels in NAFLD

Differences in the body composition and biochemistry in women grouped as normal-weight, overweight and obese according to body mass index and their relation with cardiometabolic risk

The polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) status and cardiovascular risk in young women

Physical self-concept, trait depression and readiness for physical activity of obese patients

The changes in running economy during puberty in overweight and normal weight boys

Navigated versus conventional drilling of the knee in a model of obesity

Impact of ER gene polymorphisms on overweight and obesity in Down Syndrome