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1

Water level forecast for the Pomeranian Bay from the hiromb model

100%
Kalas M., Staskiewicz A., Szefler K.
Oceanological Studies
|
2001
|
vol. 30
|
issue 3-4
39-57
EN
Water level 48-hour forecast data for the Pomeranian Bay, obtained from the operational model ?HIROMB?, have been compared with the coastal water level records. The gauges of Mrzezyno, Dziwnow, Koserow and Sassnitz as well as 0-24 hours and 24-48 hours forecast for the appropriate grid nodes have been analysed. An overview of different statistical criteria has been done. The statistical analysis has shown a satisfactory agreement between the forecast and observed data. However, the problem of the common reference level for the all gauges remains still unsolved.
2

Enzymatic production of maltodextrins and syrup solids from starch. Part II. Processes

100%
Bryjak J.
Biotechnologia
|
1999
|
issue 1
201-225
EN
This part mainly discusses the enzymatic processes employed in the production of maltodextrins and syrup solids. Functional properties and applications of dextrins, maltose, glucose, fructose, cyclodextrins as well as malto- and isomaltooligosaccharides are presented. Immobilization of amylolytic enzymes and typical enzyme reactors for starch processing is reviewed. Action pattern of amylases in relation to the subsite structure of the enzyme active domains is presented, including: the dependence of Michaelis and molecular activity parameters on the DP of substrate; possible binding modes between the enzyme and a linear substrate; multiple attack mode in addition to simple hydrolysis (random attack). Mathematical modelling of starch degrading processes is critically reviewed. The crucial parameters, influencing the reaction rate and the conversion degree of the substrate, are shown.
3

Mathematical modelling of esters synthesis catalyzed by Mucor javanicus lipase in non water environment

100%
Antczak T., Galas E.
Biotechnologia
|
1997
|
issue 3
121-133
EN
A mathematical model describing esters synthesis catalysed by lipase from Mucor jawanicus was designed.This model was confirmed by the syntheses of propyl stearate, butyl stearate and oleyl stearate catalysed by M.javanicus lipase.Using this model it is possible to estimate the maximum achievable yield of ester synthesis.The model can also applied for performing simulation to evaluate the effect of particular elements on the yield of ester synthesis and, consequently, it could enable the optimum selection of particular elements of the reaction system.
4

ADM1 model of methane fermention

88%
Szewczyk K. W.
|
2007
|
issue 4
7-24
EN
The generalized anaerobic digestion model developed by the Task Group of IWA is discussed. The structured model includes multiple steps describing biochemical as well as physico-chemical processes. The biochemical steps include disintegration of a particulate substrate to carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, extracellular hydrolysis of these particulate biopolymers to sugars, amino acids, and long chain fatty acids, respectively, acidogenesis from sugars and amino acids to volatile fatty acids and hydrogen; acetogenesis of long chain - and volatile fatty acids to acetate , and separate methanogenesis steps from acetate and from hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The ADM1 is a powerful tool for predicting both steady state and dynamic behaviour of anaerobic digesters. The extensions and applications of the ADM1 model to simulate industrial scale anaerobic digestion processes are reviewed.
5

Mathematical modelling of sugar esters synthesis catalyzed by Mucor circinelloides lipase in non water environment

88%
Antczak T., Krystynowicz A., Hiler D., Bielecki S., Galas E.
Biotechnologia
|
1999
|
issue 1
153-163
EN
A mathematical model describing sucrose esters synthesis in biphasic di-n-phentyl ether - water system by lipase from Mucor circinelloides has been elaborated. This model considers correlation between physicochemical factors, dependent on the solvent, substrates, products and temperature, catalytic factors corresponding to the relationship between lipase and the physicochemical factors of the model (Ko=F(A)), as well quantitative factors whose values may be regulated during the reaction (substrate concentration, phase volume coefficient (A) and water concentration). This model was confirmed by syntheses of caprylic and oleic sucrose esters. The maximum reaction yield for the synthesis of caprylic sucrose ester calculated on the basis of the elaborated model was 67,5% and experimental value was 67,8% for A = 44. For oleic sucrose ester, the theoretical and experimental yields of synthesis, were 71,9% and 70,5% respectively. Using this model it is possible to estimate the maximum achievable (in particular conditions) yield of the ester synthesis. It can also be applied for simulations enabling evaluation of the effect of the particular factors on the yield of ester synthesis and resulting optimisation of selected factors in the reaction system. The simulations were performed for two factors of the model in three dimensional space. It was found that the ester synthesis was mostly affected by the following invariable factors: partition coefficients of products (PE, PW) and phase volume coefficient (A). The concentration of water in the water phase and the partition coefficients of sugar (PAL) influenced the yield to a smaller extent.
6

The conditions of transformed roots growth in bioreactors

88%
Pawlowska B., Ledakowicz S., Chmiel A.
Biotechnologia
|
2005
|
issue 2
88-102
EN
Transformed roots are also called transgenic roots or due to their appearance ? hairy roots. Transformed roots are obtained by infection of plants or parts of them with soil bacteria, Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Genetically transformed roots are characterised by rapid and stable growth of biomass, genetic stability, and stable biosynthesis of metabolites. Hairy roots can be an alternative source of many economically important chemicals like enzymes, pigments, flavours and especially bioactive pharmaceuticals. Cultures of transformed roots are comparatively easy to cultivate in shaking flasks. Application of flasks does not allow to obtain great amount of biomass. There is a necessity of scaling up the culture using bioreactors. The first attempts of scaling up the culture were connected with bioreactors designed for microbiological processes. However, these bioreactors are inadequate for hairy roots cultures. Some promising results were achieved in the case of using mist bioreactor. This paper is a review of bioreactors employed in cultures of hairy roots and mathematical modelling of hairy root growth.
7

The eutrophication model of the Vistula Lagoon

75%
Kwiatkowski J., Koch_Rasmussen E., Ezhova E., Chubarenko B.
Oceanological Studies
|
1997
|
vol. 26
|
issue 1
5-33
EN
The Vistula Lagoon is a shallow coastal ecosystem located on the Polish-Russian border in the coastal area of the southern Baltic. It is strongly influenced by inflows of seawater from the Baltic as well as by river inflow from the catchment area. High concentrations of nutrients in the Lagoon cause high primary production rates (ca 190 gC/m2/year) and other processes related to eutrophi-cation. Mathematical modelling of the physical and biogeochemical processes in the Vistula Lagoon has been applied as a tool for environmental assessment. The integrated MIKE 21 two-dimensional modelling system (by the Danish Hydraulic Institute / Water Quality Institute) was applied in the study. The eutrophication model of the Vistula Lagoon describes the nutrient cycle including eutro-phication-related processes. This paper describes the setup and calibration of the eutrophication model and presents the results of the basic calculation reflecting the situation in 1994. The role of the model in the evaluation of the ecological situation and in water management and planning is discussed. The model has been calibrated against monitoring measurements carried out in the Polish and Russian parts of the Vistula Lagoon.
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