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1

Genetic aspects of mastitis resistance in cattle

100%
Walawski K.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
1999
|
vol. 40
|
issue 2
117-128
EN
Cattle breeding program for improvement of milk traits is accompanied by intensive changes in the structural and functional specificity of the animal organism. Assuming the hypothesis that the biological role of the female is to rear her progeny, it may be concluded that the extremely high milk productivity of the modern cow many-fold exceeds the physiological normal range. The mammary gland as a milk-producing highly effective bioreactor is exposed to the particularly strong influence of external and internal factors. Therefore, susceptibility to udder dysfunction generally called 'mastitis' causes great economical losses in highly productive cows. Mastitis is usually induced by a bacterial infection conveyed through the teat canal. The high variability of pathogens and diversity of environmental conditions cause difficulties in mastitis treatment. Antibiotic therapy does not give satisfactory results. Scientific research aims to recognize the heritable specificity of organism defence systems. Still, the currently used breeding selection procedures cannot be successful because natural resistance treated in categories of quantitative genetic variation shows a very low heritability and non-additive genotype-environment interaction. To overcome this problem, an alternative approach to detect a single gene with a high protective expression can be effective. The topics presented in this review include expression of lysozyme and lactoferrin in mammary gland tissue regarded as candidate gene for mastitis resistance as well as BoLA histocompatibility complex and milk protein polymorphic systems proposed as potential genetic markers of natural resistance in cattle.
2

Relationship between transferrin asnd globulin antigen polymorphism and sheep resistance to mastitis

88%
Charon K., Lipecka C., Siudek T., Swiderek P., Skiba E.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
1996
|
vol. 37
|
issue 2
161-172
EN
The effect of transferrin genotypes and genes and globulin antigens on sheep resistance/susceptibility to mastitis was analysed.The udder health conditoin was diagnosed on the basis of the somatic cell count in 1 ml milk and result of bacteriological tests.It was found that sheep with transferrin genotype AC, AD and CC were characterised by a better health of the mammary gland than the remaining ewes.Among 9 transferrin alleles observed in the examined sheep, only the presence of transferrin I allele in the ewes genotype was connected with the somatic cell count below the mean value of this traint.The presence of transferrin A allela in sheep's genotype was connected with a small infection of milk with mastitis pathogens.The serum globulin antigens analysed did not significantly affect the somatic cell acount in the milk of the examined ewes.However, the antigens A2, NS1 (antigens of beta-globulin) and GB2 (antigen of class IgG immunoglobulins) as well as the globulin antigen A6 and GA1 antigen of class IgG immunoglobulins showed to have a significant effect on the level of sheep milk infection.
3

Beta-lactoglobulin and kappa-casein polymorphism in relation to production traits and technological properties of milk in the herd of Polish Black-and-White cows

75%
Walawski K., Sowinski G., Czarnik U., Zabolewicz T.
Genetica Polonica
|
1994
|
vol. 35
|
issue 1-2
93-108
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