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1

Methodological aspects of proteomic analyses involving two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry

100%
Luczak M., Figlerowicz M., Wojtaszek P.
Biotechnologia
|
2009
|
issue 2
7-26
EN
Proteomics is a scientific discipline that focuses on the large-scale study of proteins, particularly their structures, functions and interactions. The proteome is the full complement of proteins expressed by genome. During the last decade, thanks to subset of proteomic techniques and workflows, it has been possible to identify: diagnostic protein biomarkers, potential therapeutic targets and also biotechnologically important plant proteins, like those that give a plant resistance to drought. Over the last years, proteomics has generated a relatively large number of reviews on technical aspects and concepts. Although total automation and reproducibility are possible, the protocols of protein isolation and separation are sample specific. Moreover, most of them address the development of optimal sample preparation protocols of mammalian cells and tissue. In contrast, plant proteomics is still in its infancy, probably because plant material is very recalcitrant. The objective of this review is to pay attention to some methodological aspects of proteomic analyses using 2DE and mass spectrometry, especially in the case of plant material.
2

Mass spectometry ? applications in the studiem on plant metabolom

80%
Muth D., Kachlicki P., Stobiecki M.
|
2007
|
issue 1
156-175
EN
Identification of gene functions needs information from different molecular levels: transcriptome, proteome and metabolome. Chromatographic techniques combined with different types of detectors are methods of choice for secondary metabolites profiling. Mass spectrometry is one of the best methods for natural products identification due to its high selectivity and sensitivity. However, physico-chemical properties of secondary metabolites present in plant species have very strong influence on the applicability of chromatographic techniques for separation of different classes of organic compounds present in the samples extracted from plant tissue. There does not exist an analytical method capable for separation and identification of all metabolites present in plant tissue during a single analysis. This article describes chromatographic systems combined with different mass spectrometric techniques for identification of different classes of secondary metabolites present in plant material.
3

Bacterial endotoxins - methods of structural analysis

80%
Niedziela T., Jachymek W., Lugowski C.
Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej
|
1996
|
vol. 50
|
issue 5
419-429
EN
The modern structural methods used in the determination of lipopolysaccharides chemical structures were described. The combination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF, FAB and EI) applied to structural analysis of lipopolysaccharides, with a few chosen examples of characteristic original spectra were presented.
4

Analysis of protein posttranslational modifications using mass spectrometry

70%
Marczak L.
Biotechnologia
|
2009
|
issue 2
27-38
EN
Identification of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of proteins provides better understanding of their biological functions. Mass spectrometry has become a method of choice for the analysis of PTMs, both MALDI-ToF and tandem (MS/MS) mass spectrometers are perfect tools for assignment of PTMs. The latter due to their peptide fragmentation capability give better identification and information about localization of PTMs in protein molecule. In this paper, an overview of possible use of mass spectrometry and bioinformatic tools together with description of the basic features and limits of the analysis of post translational modifications by mass spectrometry are presented.
5

Tumor markers studied with proteomic methods in blood and serum plasma

61%
Pietrowska M.
Biotechnologia
|
2009
|
issue 2
39-53
EN
Proteins are major components that directly determine phenotypes of cells and organisms, in either normal or pathological conditions. Because of numerous post-translational events that modify structure and function of proteins, the knowledge of genomes is only at the beginning of understanding of the full complexity of biological systems. 'Proteomics' is the study of proteomes, which addresses proteins' 3D structure, function, and their inter- and intracellular communication. Among primary goals of proteomics, there is discovery of biomarker for various human disease conditions. Plasma and serum are considered to be the source of choice in molecular diagnostics. The development of cancer involves transformation and proliferation of altered cell types that produce unique proteins and enzymes, which can significantly modify the pattern of serum peptides and proteins. The serum protein/peptide profiles that could be registered using different analytical methodologies appear to carry important information with direct clinical applicability. Importantly, such peptide profiles itself could become a new kind of potential tumor marker. These approaches are promising, but the results obtained are still preliminary. For example, detection of disease markers in the blood proteome could be hampered by its extremely low concentrations and the presence of a few abundant components (e.g., albumin and immunoglobulins), and thus development of more specific and sensitive analytical methods is still required. Nevertheless, identification of serum proteomic patterns or molecular signatures specific for different cancer types, stages and responses to therapy is possible at this moment. This article provides a comprehensive overview of current methodologies used for cancer biomarkers detection in blood proteome.
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