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EN
Mössbauer measurements of one sample of the Pułtusk meteorite were performed at room temperature (300 K) and at temperature of liquid nitrogen (80 K). Following mineralogical phases were identified in Mössbauer spectra: olivine, pyroxene, troilite, kamacite, taenite, and a doublet associated with ferric iron. The differences in the percentage of spectral areas obtained for all subspectra are very small. It means that in the range of these temperatures the Debye–Waller factor is the same for all mineralogical phases present in the investigated sample.
EN
Mössbauer spectra of equilibrated ordinary chondrites consist of two sextets due to magnetically ordered iron present in metallic phases and troilite and two doublets due to paramagnetic iron present in olivines and pyroxenes. The Mössbauer spectral areas of the different mineralogical phases in meteorites are proportional to the number of iron ions present in olivines, pyroxenes, metallic phase and troilite. This property of Mössbauer spectra was the basis for constructing various methods for the classification of ordinary chondrites. Review of these methods will be presented.
EN
In presented paper results of the investigation of Martian surface by means of Mössbauer spectroscopy are cited. The measurements were performed during MER mission with the use of “Spirit” and “Opportunity” rovers. Mössbauer spectra were analyzed in Mössbauer Laboratory of Faculty of Physics at Warsaw University of Technology.
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Position of Fe ions in MgO crystalline structure

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EN
Magnesium oxide (MgO) is one of the most important raw materials in many branches of industry. Magnesium oxide is a popular refractory raw material because of its high refractoriness and high resistance to basic slags and environment. In many cases, use of MgO is limited by its properties, especially the presence of secondary phases like iron oxides. The amount and distribution of iron oxides can strongly influence the technological properties of MgO and depend on the manufacturing method, particularly the heat-treatment process. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of the heat-treatment process on amount and distribution of iron ions in a magnesium oxide lattice. The 57Fe Mössbauer effect measurements of fused and sintered magnesium oxide samples doped by the iron oxide were conducted. Investigation reveals in both cases the presence of Fe2+ as well as Fe3+ ions. Fe2+ ions occupy Mg2+ octahedral sites in the MgO lattice, whereas the Fe3+ ions are located in highly distorted octahedral coordination. The amount of Fe2+ varies from around 66% for fused samples to 30% for sintered samples.
EN
In this work, the process of formation of metastable phases was investigated for the Fe75B25 composition. Mechanical synthesis was performed in a MAPF-2M high-energy planetary ball mill under an argon atmosphere. X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS) were applied to recognize the phases. After 6 h of milling, the material consisted of two phases, that is, metastable tetragonal t-Fe2B and amorphous phases. During further thermal processing, the metastable phase was transformed into the stable Fe2B phase.
EN
The paper presents results of microstructure and magnetic properties studies of Nd8.5Tb1.5Fe83Zr1B6 ribbons obtained by melt-spinning technique. The samples were produced using the rapid cooling of liquid alloy on the copper wheel, by applying three different linear velocities 20, 30, and 35 m/s. The microstructure of obtained ribbons was examined using X-ray diffractometry and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Magnetic measurements were performed using LakeShore vibrating sample magnetometer. The microstructure measurements were used for quantitative and qualitative analysis of phase composition. Basing on results of structure studies combined with magnetic measurements, the influence of phase composition on hysteresis loop behavior was described.
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issue 1
35-38
EN
The 57Fe Mössbauer spectra for the iron-based solid solutions Fe0.90Cr0.10 and Fe0.88Cr0.12 were measured at different temperatures ranging from 300 K to 900 K. Analysis of the obtained spectra shows that the distribution of impurity atoms in the two first coordination shells of 57Fe nuclei is not random and it cannot be described by the binomial distribution. Quantitatively, the effects were described in terms of the atomic short-range order (SRO) parameters and the pair-wise interaction energy with the help of a quasi-chemical type formulation introduced by Cohen and Fine. The obtained results reveal strong clustering-type correlations in the studied samples (a predominance of Fe-Fe and Cr-Cr bonds). Moreover, the changes in SRO values observed during thermal processing suggest that the distribution of Cr atoms in an α-iron matrix is strongly temperature dependent.
EN
(BiFeO3)1-x-(BaTiO3)x solid solutions with x = 0.1–0.4 and 0.7 were investigated. The ceramics were prepared by mechanical activation technology and subsequent heat treatment. As was proved by X-ray diffraction, increase of BaTiO3 concentration causes a change in the crystalline structure from the rhombohedral structure characteristic of BiFeO3 to a cubic one. 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy allowed observation of a gradual transformation from an ordered spin structure of Fe3+ ions to the paramagnetic state with an increase of x.
EN
Thermal treatment, undertaken at just below the crystallization temperature, has led to nanocrystallization and has had a significant impact on the shape of the hyperfine field induction distributions of Fe62Co10Y8B20 alloy and on its soft magnetic properties. In the amorphous ferromagnetic alloys, it is possible to indirectly determine the effect of the structure stresses, resulting from the presence of structural defects, on the soft magnetic properties of these materials. It has been found that a change in the parameters associated with the presence of structural defects affects the shape of the hyperfine field distributions of 57Fe.
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issue 1
39-42
EN
The room temperature Mössbauer spectra of 57Fe were measured for numerous dilute iron-based alloys Fe1−xDx (D = Al, Co, Cr, Mn, Mo, Ni, Os, Pt, Re, Ru, Ta, Ti, V, W, Zn), annealed at 1270 K for 2 h before the measurements. The spectra were analyzed using the Hesse–Rübartsch method in order to determine the mean hyperfine magnetic field at the 57Fe nuclei as a function of concentration x of the minority component of the alloy. As the binary alloys are one-faze solid solutions of an element D in iron, a linear relationship between and x is observed. The result supports the suggestion that Mössbauer spectroscopy is a useful tool for the study of dissolution of different elements in iron.
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Crystal structure and Mössbauer study of FeAl2O4

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In this work the synthesis of hercynite from Fe2O3 and Al2O3 powders was carried out by arc-melting method under the protective argon atmosphere. The obtained material was characterized with the use of powder X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS). A Mössbauer effect in hercynite obtained by the arc-melting method indicated the cations distribution in the spinel structure among the tetrahedral and octahedral interstices. The presence of Fe2+ ions was detected in both tetrahedral and octahedral sites while Fe3+ ions occupied only the octahedral interstices. The approximate formula of the obtained iron-aluminate spinel was as follows (Fe2+0.77Al3+0.23) (Fe3+0.07Fe2+0.05Al0.88)2O4.
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This paper presents the results of the study on structure and magnetic properties of the perovskite-type (BiFeO3)x-(BaTiO3)1−x solid solutions. The samples differing in the chemical composition (x = 0.9, 0.8, and 0.7) were produced according to the conventional solid-state sintering method from the mixture of powders. Moreover, three different variants of the fabrication process differing in the temperatures and soaking time were applied. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) were collected and compared for the set of the investigated materials. The structural transformation from rhombohedral to cubic symmetry was observed for the samples with x = 0.7. With increasing of BaTiO3 concentration Mössbauer spectra become broadened reflecting various configurations of atoms around 57Fe probes. Moreover, gradual decreasing of the average hyperfine magnetic field and macroscopic magnetization were observed with x decreasing.
EN
The hyperfine fields and atomic ordering in Ni1−xFexMnGe (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) alloys were investigated using X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy at room temperature. The X-ray diffraction measurements show that the samples with x = 0.2, 0.3 crystallized in the hexagonal Ni2In-type of structure, whereas in the sample with x = 0.1, the coexistence of two phases, Ni2In- and orthorhombic TiNiSi-type of structures, were found. The Mössbauer spectra measured with x = 0.2, 0.3 show three doublets with different values of isomer shift (IS) and quadrupole splitting (QS) related to three different local surroundings of Fe atoms in the hexagonal Ni2In-type structure. It was shown that Fe atoms in the hexagonal Ni2In-type structure of as-cast Ni1−xFexMnGe alloys are preferentially located in Ni sites and small amount of Fe is located in Mn and probably in Ge sites. The spectrum for x = 0.1 shows the doublets in the central part of spectrum and a broad sextet. The doublets originate from the Fe atoms in the paramagnetic state of hexagonal Ni2In-type structure, whereas the sextet results from the Fe atoms in orthorhombic TiNiSi-type structure.
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Mössbauer study of treated Nd2Fe14B

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The Nd2Fe14B cylindrical magnets were treated with water solutions of alkali, acid, and salt. Mössbauer spectroscopy was applied to study the composition and properties of the surface material of the treated magnets. It is shown that the main phase of the permanent Nd2Fe14B magnet partly decomposes. The released α-Nd at the grain boundaries interacts with water and forms neodymium hydroxide matrix, and the released Fe diffuses into it. The presence of Fe-Nd(OH)3 is reflected in the paramagnet doublet in the Mössbauer spectra of treated neodymium magnets.
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issue 1
75-79
EN
The room temperature 57Fe Mössbauer spectra for binary iron-based solid solutions Fe1−xOsx, with x in the range 0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.05, were analyzed in terms of binding energy Eb between two Os atoms in the Fe-Os system. The extrapolated values of Eb for x = 0 were used for computation of enthalpy of solution of osmium in iron. The result was compared with that resulting from the cellular atomic model of alloys by Miedema. The comparison shows that our findings are in qualitative agreement with the Miedema's model predictions.
EN
Magnetic nanowires of Fe, Fe-Co, and Fe-Ni alloy and layered structure were prepared by electrochemical alternating current (AC) deposition method. The morphology of the nanowires in and without the matrix was studied by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The wires either show strong dependence on the combination of elements deposition (alloy or layered) or chemical composition (Co or Ni). The magnetic properties of the nanostructures were determined on the basis of Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS).
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In this study, the influence of Ti content on the microstructure of the martensite bcc α'), which was formed by thermal effect, was investigated by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope observations, in Fe-30Ni-xTi (x=0.8, 1.8, 2.6) alloys. The crystallographic orientation relationship between austenite fcc (γ) and thermally induced bcc (α') martensite was found to be as (111)_{γ}/(011)_{α} (Kurdjumov-Sachs (K-S)), by the electron diffraction analysis. The martensitic transformation temperature (M_{s}) of α' martensite was determined as -41°, -62°, and -76 ° in the alloys with 0.8%, 1.8%, and 2.6% Ti concentration, respectively. The Mössbauer spectrometer analysis has been revealed by a paramagnetic character for the austenite phase and magnetically order character for α' martensite phase. Hyperfine magnetic field, isomer shift and volume fractions of phases were determined by the Mössbauer spectroscopy.
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Copper-cobalt ferrites with composition Cu1−xCoxFe2O4, where x= 0.2 and 0.8 were prepared by thermal treatment of co-precipitated precursor. The obtained materials were characterized by TG-DSC, XRD, Transmission and Conversion Electron Mössbauer spectroscopy and temperature programmed reduction with hydrogen. The catalytic properties of ferrites were tested in methanol decomposition to CO and hydrogen.
EN
Mössbauer measurements of ordinary chondrites type H performed in room temperature are presented. Three investigated meteorites: Carancas, Juancheng and Gao-Guenie are new falls with different terrestrial history. Results of weathering in different conditions during terrestrial life are well seen in their Mössbauer spectra. The level of weathering determined by scale W is in perfect agreement with Mössbauer measurements of these three ordinary chondrites.
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Mössbauer 57Fe measurements of three ordinary chondrites type L were performed at room temperature. The measurements were repeated in the same experimental conditions. The experimental spectra were elaborated with „Recoil” program. The absorption areas of the same ordinary chondrite samples were very similar. The maximum variation was about 2% for doublets (paramagnetic iron) and 3% for sextet (magnetically ordered iron).
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