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A study on the toxicity of aluminum in rice, Oryza sativa L.

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Muthukumaran M.

World News of Natural Sciences

2022

vol. 40

13-25

Aluminum trivalent (Al3+), which commonly occurs on 40% of arable land, is highly phytotoxic to crop growth and yield in acidic soils. As one of the major pollutants in the atmosphere, this element reduces chlorophyll activity, CO2 assimilation, and photosynthesis. Rice is a staple food crop in India and Asian countries. A widely recognized metal toxicity of rice (Oryza sativa) includes soluble aluminum. The processes of senescence are known to be characterized by loss of chlorophyll, lipids, total protein, photosynthetic activity, and RNA. The author illustrates the aluminum effect in rice plants (ADT 43 & PA 6129) under different aluminum exposure levels (100 µM, 200 µM, & 300 µM), in regard to photosynthetic activity (total chlorophyll degradation, depleted CO2 fixation, inhibited stomatal conductance) bioaccumulation, and histological analysis during leaf senescence. Rice varieties PA 6129 and ADT 43 were compared to assess photosynthetic degradation, bioaccumulation, and histological changes associated with aluminum-mediated degradation. Consequently, accelerated leaf senescence was observed after prolonged exposure to variety PA 6129 with increasing aluminum concentration. As an alternative, there is ADT 43, a precision aluminum tolerance mechanism.

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1 World News of Natural Sciences

1 2022

1 Muthukumaran M.

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A study on the toxicity of aluminum in rice, Oryza sativa L.