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1

Host immune response in B-cell lymphomas: friend or foe?

100%
Juszczynski P., Nowak J., Warzocha K.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
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2008
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vol. 56
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issue 4
245-255
EN
The interaction of B-cell malignancies with the host immune system is a dynamic and bilateral process. Certain lymphomas more commonly arise against a background of autoimmunity or chronic infection. Initiation of these tumors is commonly reliant on antigenic stimulation and/or T-cell help. Apart from its tumor-fueling role, the host immune response plays a critical role in cancer immunosurveillance and immunoediting. The concept of immunoediting holds that the immune system sculpts the tumor's immunogenicity in a dynamic process that involves three essential phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape. Data obtained by studying gene-targeted animal and human lymphomas that support the critical role of the immune response in the initiation, progression, and immunoediting of lymphoid malignancies are summarized here. A thorough understanding of this interaction will lead to the identification of more rational treatment targets and improved immunotherapies in B-cell lymphomas.
2

Differential effects of CD40 stimulation on normal and neoplastic cell growth

80%
Ziebold J. L., Hixon J., Boyd A., Murphy W. J.
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vol. 48
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issue 4
225-233
EN
CD40 is a molecule in the tumor necrosis factor receptor/nerve growth factor receptor (TNFR/NGFR) family that is present on both normal and neoplastic B lineage cells. It is also expressed on carcinoma and melanoma cells and can be augmented with interferon gamma CD40 stimulation in normal Bcells has been demonstrated to promote normal B cell differentiation and growth in vitro. In contrast to these effects, CD40 stimulation by either anti-CD40 antibodies or a recombinant soluble CD40 ligand can inhibit the growth of human breast carcinomas and aggressive histology B lymphomas in vitro and in vivo. This is believed to occur by activation- -induced cell death (AICD) in which stimuli that promote the growth of normal cell types inhibit the growth of neoplastic counterparts. This occurs through the induction of apoptosis, necrosis and/or cell cycle arrest. Thus, CD40 stimulation may be of potential clinical use in the treatment of carcinomas and B cell lymphomas. This review shall provide an overview of the various effects of CD40 stimulation on both normal and neoplastic cell types.
3

Blood proliferative diseases ? application of the DNA microarrays for transcriptome analysis

80%
Handschuh L., Lewandowski K., Kazmierczak M., Komarnicki M., Figlerowicz M.
Biotechnologia
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2009
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issue 3
22-43
EN
Hematopoiesis is a complex process precisely regulated by a wide spectrum of cooperating factors. Dysfunction of hematopoietic cell proliferation, differentiation or maturation usually leads to the malignant transformation. The DNA microarray-based transcriptome analysis helped to revise the traditional classification of hematological disorders, predict their outcome, test potential therapeutic agents and better understand basic mechanisms underlying cancer origin and development. Here, the results of gene expression profiling in myelo- and lymphoproliferative diseases such as leukemia, lymphoma and myelodysplastic syndromes, are presented. Two microarray technologies were applied in this area of research: Affymetrix gene chips and cDNA microarrays. Among them, Lymphochip is a prominent example of a specialized cDNA microarray tool designed to investigate gene expression in the immunological system and hematological diseases. It seems that typical problems connected with microarray results analysis ? small number of patients, loss of reproducibility can be overcome by increasing the number of samples and application of identical protocols, equipment and reagents in different laboratories.
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