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1

Luteinizing hormone isoforms

100%
Szewczuk A., Kochanowska I. E., Kurowska E.
Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej
|
1996
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vol. 50
|
issue 1
9-20
EN
Luteinizing hormone (LH) is a heterodimeric glycoprotein containing varied amount of sialic acid. This is a reason of numerous LH isoforms called also isohormones. The hormone isoforms were separated usually by gelelectrophoresis, isoelectrofocusing or chromatofocusing. They differ in biological and immunological activity. Human and some animals LH isoforms were reviewed. Also some genetic mutants of LH are described. Problems of the human isoforms for pathology and diagnostics are presented.
2
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Biosythesis of gonadotropins in vivo

44%
Kochman K., Gajewska A.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
1996
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vol. 56
|
issue 3
753-756
EN
GnRh is potent stimulator of gonadotropin's alpha and beta chains synthesis in vivo.Stimulation of LH-beta gene transcription requires pulsatile GnRH administration but the transcription of alpha subunit can be stimulated independently of GnRH mode of administration.Castration increases whereas in vivo estradiol and testostrone replacement decreases the rate of gene transcription of pituitary gonadotropin subunits.Thyroid hormones can enhance or diminsh the pituitery levels of LH-beta and FSH-beta subunit mRNAs in female rats.Inhibin activin and follistatin were shown to be potent regulators of FSH-beta gene expression.
3
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Differential endocrine response in rams to intracerebroventricular infusion of genistein

44%
Misztal T., Gorski K., Romanowicz K.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2008
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vol. 68
|
issue 1
43-50
EN
The intracerebroventricular infusions of genistein (total 40 ?g) were made in male sheep (November) to test its influence on melatonin, growth hormone (GH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. The analysis of the results encompassed 3 similar periods: before the infusion (afternoon hours), the first (evening hours), and the second (night hours) halves of the treatment. The night plasma concentration of melatonin in genistein-infused rams was significantly lower than that noted during the respective period in vehicle-infused rams. Plasma GH concentration increased significantly in both vehicle- and genistein-infused rams during the night hours, as compared with the concentrations noted during the afternoon and evening, however, genistein significantly stimulated the amplitude of GH pulses in these latter. The LH concentration was significantly lower during the second part of genistein treatment, than in vehicle-infused rams. The frequency and amplitude of LH pulses clearly tended to decrease following genistein infusion. In conclusion, genistein, acting at the central nervous system level in sexually active rams is able to reduce the secretion of melatonin and LH and has also a slight stimulatory effect on the amplitude of GH pulses.
4
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Neuroendocrine mechanism mediating fasting-induced suppression of luteinizing hormone secretion in female rats

38%
Maeda K., Tsakumara H.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
1996
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vol. 56
|
issue 3
787-796
EN
Forty-eight hours fasting profoundly supresses LH secretion in female rats.The following neural pathway mediating fasting-induced suppression of LH secretion has been suggested by a series of experiment:a signal associated with fasting emanting from the upper digestive tract reaches the A2 region in the medulla oblongata via afferent vagal nerve so as to activate the noradrenergic pathway projecting to the hypothalmic paraventricular nucleus (PVN); this results in an increased corticotropin-releasing hormone release to suppress LHRH release and than LH release.The PVN and A2 region of the medulla oblongata are the estogen feedback sites to activate the above-mentioned neural pathway.The estrogen feedback action on the PVN and A2 region is considered to be due to an increased expression of estrogen receptors in these nuclei after 48-h fasting.The response of gonadal axis during fasting could be due to the changes in some nutrients, such as glucose and free-fatty acids.In this context, malnutration could be a kind of stress accompanied by an increased feeding behavior and decresed gonadal activity.
5
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Polymorphism of gonadotropin action; molecular mechanisms and clinical implications

32%
Huhtaniemi I. T.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
1996
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vol. 56
|
issue 3
743-751
EN
Various structural alternations of gonadotropins and their receptors (R) contribute to the polymorphism of gonadotropin action.One reason is the microhetrogeneity of gonadotropins due to variations in the degree of their glycosylation.This alters the intrinsic bioactivity of gonadotropins, as reflected by changes in their bioactivity to immnoreactivity ratios in various physiological and clinical conditins.We have reassesses this phenomenon by improved in vitro bioassay and immunoassay methods, and it appears that the intrinsic bioactivity of gonadotropins, in particular of LH, is more constant than previously demonstrated.The second part of this chapter deals with a common polymorphism that was recemntly discovered in the gene of the LH beta-subunit.
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