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1
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In vitro-evaluation of lipid emulsions as vehicles for the administration of xenon: Interaction with NMDA receptors

100%
Weigt H. U., Georgieff M., Fohr K. J., Adolph O.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2009
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vol. 69
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issue 2
207-216
EN
The noble gas xenon is an antagonist of the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate)-type glutamate receptor which may account for the ideal anesthetic profile and potent neuroprotective properties demonstrated even at subanesthetic concentrations. Because lipid emulsions also promote NMDA antagonistic effects they may serve as ideal carriers for xenon. In this in vitro study, we investigated the efficacy of xenon dissolved in various lipid emulsions (Intralipid?, Lipofundin?, ClinOleic? and Abbolipid?) on NMDA-evoked currents in cultured cortical neurons. The NMDA receptor blocking property at a clinically relevant concentration seen in the lipid emulsions tested may contribute to the anesthetic, analgetic and neuroprotective effects of xenon administered by way of these lipid carriers. Abbolipid? may serve as the most acceptable carrier since the NMDA antagonistic effect of xenon was enhanced in combination with this emulsion.
2

Composition of lipids from the glands of the external ear canal of the adult chicken

100%
Dutta S., Das S. K., Bhattacharyya S. P.
Folia Biologica
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1997
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vol. 45
103-108
EN
Six classes of neutral lipids, i.e. triacylglycerol (TG), free fatty acids (FFA), monoester waxes (MW), free- and esterified sterols (FST and SE), and squalene (SQ) were identified by thin layer chromatography of the lipid materials extracted separately from the secretion as well as from the isolated whole glands present in the skin of the floor of the external ear canal of the domestic fowl. Secretory lipids contained considerable proportions of MW fractions (17.03%), TG (22.23%), and SQ (14.66%), while TG was the major component (41.10%) in the lipids from the isolated glands. Polar lipids, which comprised about 16-20% of total glandular lipids, were shown to be composed primarily of sphingomyelin.
3

Influence of alcohol dependence on oxidative stress parameters

100%
Kopczynska E., Torlinski L., Ziolkowski M.
Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej
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2001
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vol. 55
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issue 1
95-111
EN
The toxic of ethanol on pro-oxidant balance has been discussed. Ethanol administration induces an increase in lipid peroxidation either by enhancing the production of oxygen reactive species and/or by decreasing the level of endogenous antioxidants. Role of acetaldehyde in ethanol-induced oxidative stress has been stressed.
4

Rewinding the DISC

100%
Chaigne-Delalande b., Moreau J.-F., Legembre P.
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issue 1
9-14
EN
Fas (CD95/APO-1) belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor family and its signaling pathway has been extensively studied over the past 15 years. Blockade of the Fas-mediated apoptotic signal leads to abusive lymphoproliferation, auto-immunity, and an increased risk of developing lymphoma and leukemia. Fas engagement drives the formation of a complex termed DISC (death-inducing signaling complex), which contains the adaptor molecule Fas-associated protein, two members of the caspase family caspase-8 and -10, and a pseudo-caspase termed c-FLIP. According to different authors, DISC formation relies either on the redistribution of Fas into the lipid rafts or the recruitment of the actin cytoskeleton and receptor endocytosis or the production of ceramide. However, the accurate molecular ordering upstream from the formation of DISC remains very puzzling and is highly debated. Herein we review some of the factors that would potentially facilitate or limit the formation of DISC.
5

Lipoxins and aspirin-triggered 15-epi-lipoxins are endogenous components of anti-inflammation: emergence of the counterregulatory side

75%
Serhan C. N.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
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2001
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vol. 49
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issue 3
177-188
EN
Eicosanoids are known to play important roles in cell-cell communications and as intracellular signals that are critical components of multi-cellular responses such as acute inflammation and reperfusion injury. Recent findings have given rise to several new concepts that are reviewed here regarding the generation of eicosanoids and their impact in inflammation. Lipoxins (LX) are trihydroxytetraene-containing eicosanoids that can be generated within the vascular lumen during platelet-leukocyte interactions and at mucosal surfaces via leukocyte-epithelial cell interactions. During these cell-cell interactions, transcellular biosynthetic pathways are used as major LX biosynthetic routes, and thus, in humans, LX are formed in vivo during multi-cellular responses such as inflammation, atherosclerosis, and in asthma. This branch of the eicosanoid cascade generates specific tetraene-containing products that serve as stop signals, in that they regulate key steps in leukocyte trafficking and prevent leukocyte-mediated acute tissue injury. Of interest here are recent results indicating that aspirin's mechanism of action also involves the triggering of novel carbon 15 epimers of LX or 15-epi-LX that mimic the bioactions of native LX. Here, an overview of these recent developments is presented, with a focus on the cellular and molecular interactions of these novel antiinflammatory lipid mediators.
6
Content available remote

Spermine protects in vivo the antioxidant enzymes in transiently hypoperfused rat brain

75%
Farbiszewski R., Bielawski K., Bielawska A., Sobaniec W.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1995
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vol. 55
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issue 4
253-258
7

CD1 molecules: mechanisms of lipid antigens presentation

63%
Mikulska J.
Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej
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2003
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vol. 57
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issue 6
649-667
EN
This review summarizes the status of our knowledge on the structure, expression and function of CD1 proteins. An endosomal and non-endososomal pathways of CD1 antigen presentation are also described.
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