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Phase equilibria in the Er-Co-In system and crystal structure of Er8CoIn3 compound

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Dzevenko M., Hamyk A., Tyvanchuk Y., Kalychak Y.
Open Chemistry
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2013
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vol. 11
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issue 4
604-609
EN
Isothermal section of the Er-Co-In system at T = 870 K was constructed by means of X-ray powder diffraction, microstructure, and EDX-analyses. Twelve ternary compounds, namely ErCoIn5 (HoCoGa5-type), Er6Co17.92In14 (Lu6Co17.92In14-type), ErCo4In (MgCu4Sn-type), Er2CoIn8 (Ho2CoGa8-type), Er10Co9In20 (Ho10Ni9In20-type), Er3Co1.87In4 (Lu3Co1.87In4-type), ErCoIn, Er11Co4In9 (Nd11Pd4In9-type), Er11Co3In6, Er8CoIn3 (Pr8CoGa3-type), Er6Co2.19In0.81 (Ho6Co2Ga-type), and Er13.83Co2.88In3.10 (Lu14Co2In3-type) exist in the Er-Co-In system at this temperature. The crystal structure of the Er8CoIn3 compound was determined by means of X-ray powder method (Pr8CoGa3-type, P63mc space group, a = 1.02374(2) nm, c = 0.68759(2) nm). Almost none of the binary compounds dissolve the third component. The exception is the existence of the solid solution based on ErCo3 binary compound, which dissolves up to 8 at.% of In. [...]
2
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Phenylmethoxybis(tetrazolium) ion-association complexes with an anionic indium(III) - 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol chelate

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Stefanova T., Gavazov K.
Open Chemistry
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2013
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vol. 11
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issue 2
280-289
EN
Complex formation and liquid-liquid extraction were studied in systems containing indium(III), 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR), phenylmethoxybis(tetrazolium) salt (MBT), water and chloroform. The following MBTs, which differ only by the number of -NO2 groups in their cationic parts, were used: 3,3′-(3,3′-dimetoxy-4,4′-biphenylene)bis(2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride) (Blue Tetrazolium chloride, BT), 3,3′-(3,3′-dimetoxy-4,4′-biphenylene)bis[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride] (Nitro Blue Tetrazolium chloride, NBT) and 3,3′-(3,3′-dimetoxy-4,4′-biphenylene)bis[2,5-di(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium chloride] (Tetranitro Blue Tetrazolium chloride, TNBT). The composition of the formed ternary complexes was determined, In:PAR:MBT=1:2:2, and the optimum conditions for their extraction found: pH, shaking time, concentration of the reagents and the sequence of their addition. Some key constants were estimated: constants of extraction (Kex), constants of association (β) and constants of distribution (KD). BT appears to be the best MBT for extraction of the In(III)-PAR species, [In3+(OH)3(PAR)2]4−, (Log Kex=10.9, Log β=9.8, Log KD=1.12, R%=92.7%). Several additional characteristics concerning its application as extraction-spectrophotometric reagent were calculated: limit of detection (LOD = 0.12 µg cm−3), limit of quantification (LOD = 0.40 µg cm−3) and Sandell’s sensitivity (SS =1.58 ng cm−2); Beer’s law is obeyed for In(III) concentrations up to 3.2 µg mL−1 with a molar absorptivity coefficient of 7.3×104 L mol−1 cm−1 at λmax=515 nm. [...]
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Ternary ion-association complexes between the indium(III) - 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol anionic chelate and some tetrazolium cations

100%
Toncheva G., Gavazov K., Lekova V., Stojnova K., Dimitrov A.
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EN
Complex formation and liquid-liquid extraction were studied in systems containing indium(III), 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR), tetrazolium salt (TZS), water and chloroform. Two different TZS were used: 2,3,5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT). The optimum conditions for extraction of In(III) as a ternary complex, (TT+)[In(PAR)2] or (MTT+)[In(PAR)2], were found: pH, extraction time, concentration of PAR and concentration of TZS. The constants of extraction (Kex), constants of association (β), constants of distribution (KD) and recovery factors (R%) were determined. The apparent molar absorptivities in chloroform were calculated to be ɛ′520=6.6×104 L mol−1 cm−1 and ɛ′515=7.1×104 L mol−1 cm−1 for the systems with TTC (I) and MTT (II), respectively. Beer’s law was obeyed for In(III) concentrations up to 3.4 µg mL−1 in both the cases. The limits of detection (LOD=0.07 µg mL−1I and LOD=0.12 µg mL−1II), limits of quantification (LOQ=0.24 µg mL−1I and LOQ=0.41 µg mL−1II) and Sandell’s sensitivities (SS) were estimated as well. [...]
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