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Noncoding RNA transcripts

100%

Szymanski M., Barciszewska M. Z., Zywicki M., Barciszewski J.

Journal of Applied Genetics

2003

vol. 44

issue 1

1-19

Recent analyses of the human genome and available data about the other higher eukaryotic genomes have revealed that, in contrast to Eubacteria and Archaea, only a small fraction of the genetic material (ca 1.5%) codes for proteins. Most of genomic DNA and its RNA transcripts are involved in regulation of gene expression, which can be exerted at either the transcriptional level, controlling whether a gene is transcribed and to what extent, or at the post-translational level, regulating the fate of the transcribed RNA molecules, including their stability, efficiency of their translation and subcellular localization. Noncoding RNA genes produce functional RNA molecules (ncRNAs) rather than encoding proteins. These stable RNAs act by multiple mechanisms such as RNA-RNA base pairing, RNA-protein interactions and intrinsic RNA activity, as well as regulate diverse cellular functions, including RNA processing, mRNA stability, translation, protein stability and secretion. Non-protein-coding RNAs are known to play significant roles. Along with transfer RNAs, ribosomal RNAs and mRNAs, ncRNAs contribute to gene splicing, nucleotide modification, protein transport and regulation of gene expression.

Known mutation (A3072G) in intron 3 of the IGF2 gene is associated with growth and carcass composition in Polish pig breeds

88%

Oczkowicz M., Tyra M., Walinowicz K., Rozycki M., Rejduch B.

Journal of Applied Genetics

2009

vol. 50

issue 3

257-259

IGF2 is one of the genes that control muscle development. Moreover, IGF2 is imprinted, as only the paternal allele is expressed in the offspring. Using real-time PCR for IGF2 genotyping (Carrodegous et al. 2005), we evaluated the frequency of the IGF2 A3072G mutation (Van Laere et al. 2003) in pigs: Polish Landrace (PL, N = 271) and Large White (LW, N = 267). Our results are consistent with previous reports, showing that the A allele is common in breeds subjected to strong selection for lean meat content (A allele frequency was 0.79 in LW and 0.69 in PL). Moreover, we compared body composition, growth performance and meat quality traits in pigs carrying opposite genotypes (A/A and G/G) in the IGF2 gene. The association study revealed that the A allele increases the weight of loin (WL) (additive gene effect = 450+_50 g in LW and 213+_64g in PL), weight of ham (WH) (544+_48 g in LW and 302+_72 g in PL), loin eye area (LEA) (4.9+_0.46 cm2 in LW and 2.1 +_0.95 cm2 in PL), carcass meat percentage (CP) (3.12+_0.27% in LW and 1.89+_0.47% in PL), and decreases average backfat thickness (ABF) (-0.2?0.036 cm in LW and -0.2+_0.048 cm in PL). Additionally, in PL, the A allele increases the weight of tenderloin (WT) (11?0.01 g), average daily gain (ADG) (30.7+_17.29 g), and decreases feed intake (F) (-121+_45 g) and days of feeding (DF) (-3.5+_2.08 days). No significant effects were observed for meat quality traits. Our results suggest that selection based on the IGF2 mutation in Poland may be very useful in PL and LW pigs, where the G allele is still relatively frequent.

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2 Journal of Applied Genetics

1 2009

1 2003

1 Barciszewska M. Z.

1 Barciszewski J.

1 Oczkowicz M.

1 Rejduch B.

1 Rozycki M.

1 Szymanski M.

1 Tyra M.

1 Walinowicz K.

1 Zywicki M.

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Noncoding RNA transcripts

Known mutation (A3072G) in intron 3 of the IGF2 gene is associated with growth and carcass composition in Polish pig breeds