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1

BSE- identification and prophylactics

100%
Slota E., Natonek M., Zyga A., Rejduch B.
Biotechnologia
|
2002
|
issue 1
136-141
EN
Prion diseases (for example: scrape of sheep, BSE, CJD of humans) are among the most notable central nervous system degenerative disorders caused by the accumulation of modified cellular protein. The conversion of PrP(C) (the normal cellular protein) into PrP(Sc) (the abnormal disease-causing isoform) involves a conformation change whereby the ?-helical content diminishes and the amount of ? sheet increases. PrP (Sc) is partially resistant to proteases, temperature, high and low pH. Because the incidence of prion diseases is due to several factors, various efforts need to be taken to reduce the scale and consequences of the disease. They include post-mortem and in vivo diagnosis and prophylactics, i.e. monitoring of animals and feed control.
2

Development of an automated yeast identification system by the application of PCR technique: a comparison of inter-line PCR with reference methods

100%
Salek A. T.
|
EN
In the Inter-LINE (IL) PCR method, oligonucleotides GF, GR and 01, which originated from mammalian cells led to highly reproducible patterns of amplified template DNA, based on the consensus of LINE-sequences. These were used for the genomic fingerprinting of about 80 strains of yeast, consisting of 30 species from 13 genera). The IL-PCR technique using the above primers is described and compared to reference methods such as Arbitrarily Primed-PCR and Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). A comparison of the two PCR variants was performed using suitable numbers of digitized PCR-fingerprints. A database for an automated yeast identification system is proposed.
3
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Response time as an index for selective auditory cognitive deficits

88%
Nilipour R., Clarke S., Noudoost B., Saber G. T., Najlerahim A.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
2004
|
vol. 64
|
issue 2
163-170
EN
The full or partial recovery of cognitive functions following brain lesions is believed to rely on the recruitment of alternative neural networks. This has been shown anatomically for selective auditory cognitive functions (Adriani et al. 2003b). We investigate here behavioral correlates that may accompany the use of alternative processing networks and in particular the resulting increase in response times. The performance of 5 patients with right or left unilateral hemispheric infarction and 6 normal control subjects in sound identification, asemantic sound recognition, sound localization, and sound motion perception was evaluated by the number of correct replies and response times for correct and wrong replies. Performance and response times were compared across patients and normal control subjects. Two patients with left lesions were deficient in sound identification and sound motion perception and normal in sound localization and asemantic sound recognition; one patient with right lesion was deficient in sound localization and sound motion perception and normal in sound identification and asemantic sound recognition; deficient performance was associated with increased response times. The remaining 2 patients (1 with left, 1 with right lesion) had normal performance in all 4 tasks but had significantly longer response times in some (but not all) tasks. Patients with normal or deficient performance tended more often than normal subjects to give faster correct than wrong replies. We propose that increased response time is an indication of processing within an alternative network.
4

The control and eradication of bacterial infections and contaminations in plant tissue culture

88%
Orlikowska T., Sobiczewski P., Zawadzka M., Zenkteler E.
Biotechnologia
|
2010
|
issue 2
57-71
EN
Bacterial contamination is a serious problem in plant tissue culture. In in vitro cultures, if bacteria are introduced, it is most frequently with the initial explants, but bacterial contamination can also come from the laboratory environment or from the staff themselves. Exogenous bacteria are easier to deal with, but endogenous bacteria remain problematic. Standard sterilization with ethanol, NaOCl or HgCl2 and with antibiotics can now be enriched with new components (NaDCC, AgNO3, nano-silver) or sanitation products (PPMTM, ProClin? 300, Biosept 33 SL, Vitrofural?, Dekaben). Some of these can be incorporated into a multiplication and rooting medium for one or more passages, if they are not phytotoxic to the plant explants. A special problem is presented by cryptic or viable but not cultivable bacteria which can be unable to multiply during many passages, but finally be disclosed in mass. The issue is, therefore, to find and apply tools for detection of different media and/or molecular markers. The above questions are discussed in the present paper based on the literature and results of our own study.
5

Bacteria in plant tissue cultures

75%
Orlikowska T., Zawadzka M.
Biotechnologia
|
2006
|
issue 4
64-77
EN
Bacterial contamination is quite frequent in plant tissue cultures although, theoretically, cultures have to be axenic. It is their ubiquity and adaptability to different conditions that enable bacteria to colonize also tissue cultures. Among them there are not only the typical endo- and egzophytic species connected with the plant kingdom, but also those which are common among people. The bacteria species isolated from plant tissue cultures were found to be vitropathogenic (pathogens facultative to in vitro explants), latent (pathogens not virulent in vitro), and cryptic (present in tissues but invisible). Some bacteria produce growth regulators, which can modify the morphogenetic mode of explants. They are all undesirable ones in cultures, but the explants contaminated with pathogenic species should be eliminated obligatorily. Various groups of bacteria, as well as the techniques of detecting, identifying and eliminating them, are briefly described.
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