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1

Fimbriae as a pathogenic factor of bacteria and a carrier for conjugate vaccines

100%
Staniszewska M., Witkowska D., Gamian A.
Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej
|
2000
|
vol. 54
|
issue 6
727-747
EN
Fimbriae play important role as pathogenic factors in many bacteria by their adhesive properties. Adhesin is located at the tip fimbriae but also in other parts of fimbriae. Recent findings on structure of fimbriae genes and their expression for the biosynthesis and formulation of complete fimbriae have been described. Special attention was focused on the participation of fimbriae in the mechanism of pathogenesis and their specificity towards tissue receptors. Most recent studies have been performed on E. coli and Klebsiella and those data predominate in this work. Fimbriae can be used for the construction of vaccine as a proteinous carrier for haptenic carbohydrate epitopes. In conjugates fimbriae express distinct immunogenic, adjuvant and protective properties.
2

Methods of flavonoids' analysis in plant material

100%
Muth D., Kachlicki P.
Biotechnologia
|
2009
|
issue 2
65-80
EN
Flavonoids form a group of secondary metabolites ubiquitous in the plant kingdom. These compounds are synthesized in plant tissues on the phenylalanine lyase pathway and may be divided into several groups, differing in their skeleton: flavones, flavonols, isoflavons, flavanons, flavan-3-ols (catechins), anthocyanidins, aurons, and chalcons. All these compounds occurring in plant tissues may be hydroxylated, methylated or sulphated and are substituted with different groups such as sugars or acyls. More than 6000 compounds differing in their chemical and biological properties belong to this group. Fast and precise methods of identification and quantitative analysis of all these plant constituents are necessary because of their important biological functions and different applications of plant products. Instrumental analytical methods used in this purpose are described in the paper. Special concern is directed to particularly useful hyphenated chromatographic techniques such as HPLC C/MS, HPLC/NMR, GC/MS, and CE/MS.
3

Lectin histochemistry and alkaline phosphatase activity in the pia mater vessels of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)

88%
Szumanska G., Gadamski R.
Neuropatologia Polska
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1992
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vol. 30
|
issue 2
99-110
EN
Some lectins were used to study the localization of sugar residues on the endothelial cell surface in the pia mater vessels of control (WKY) and hypertensive rats (SHR). The lectins tested recognized the follwing residues: beta-D-galactosyl (Ricinus communis agglutinin 120, RCA-1), alpha-L-fucosyl (Ulex europaeus agglutinin, UEA-1), N-acetylglucosaminyl and sialyl (Wheat germ agglutinin, WGA), N-glocyl-neuraminic acid (Limax flavus agglutinin, LFA) and N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl (Helix pomatia agglutinin, HPA). Several differences were revealed in the presence of sugar receptors on the surface of endothelial cells between the control and the hypertensive rats. Our studies showed also differences in the localization of the tested glycoconjugates between pial capillaries, small,medium-size and large pial arteries. The histochemical evaluation of alkaline phosphatase revealed an increased activity of the enzyme in the pial vessels of SHRs as compared with control rats, with a similar localization of the enzyme activity. Some differences in the distribution of lectin binding sites and alkaline phosphatase activity could be associated with the different functions of particular segments of the pial vascular network.
4

How endothelial cell organo-specificity mediates circulating cell homing

88%
Kieda C.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
|
2003
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vol. 51
|
issue 2
81-89
EN
Normal and transformed cells are homing from the circulation into tissues in a very selective way thanks to highly complex molecular mechanisms that govern cell-to-cell interactions and drive the homing of circulating cells to be achieved properly. Because this is characterised by a resulting high selectivity, it constitutes a template for targeted drug-, gene- or cell-therapy strategies. Designing a mimetic-based therapy requires the identification of the responsible selective molecules but also, their mechanisms of action and interactions with their ligands, together with their biological modulation and regulation. This homing/invasion event happens to be decisive at the level of the endothelium that lines the vessel walls. Since cell-to-cell interactions mean a double recognition process, this review will illustrate the part played by the endothelial cells (EC) and their adhesion molecules: the protein as well as the glycan part point of view, the chronology and environmental modulation of EC adhesion molecules expression. These characteristics should provide keys to understand the resulting overall specificity of cell localisation. Taking into account the cytokine microenvironment, it was recently documented a fundamental role for locally secreted chemokines which act through their restricted presentation by endothelial cells. As such, chemokines contribute to illustrate the concept of endothelial organo-specificity which is approached here uncovering the role of glycoconjugates signalling as the hallmark of refined cellular recognitions and discussed, in the context of potential drug design against site-directed diseases as metastases, inflammatory leukocytes recruitment, tumour/inflammation-induced angiogenesis.
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