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Ginsenosides contents in Panax quinquefolium cultures

100%

Kochan E., Gadomska G., Wysokinska H., Chmiel A.

Biotechnologia

2004

issue 1

236-243

Contents of six main saponins (Rb1, Rb2, Rc i Rd ? protopanaxadiols, Rg1 i Re - protopanaxatriols) were investigated in callus and suspension cultures of Panax quinquefolium. HPLC method was used to indicate saponins quantatively. Qualitative composition and the amount of individual ginsenosides varied depending on culture age and light conditions. The younger calli, grown in dark, produced all indicated metabolites, and protopanaxatriols were dominant. In older callus cultures, only 3 of the saponins (Rg1, Re, Rb1) were present. The calli grown in light did not synthesize protopanaxadiols at all. Although suspension cultures contained all of the 6 above indicated metabolites, ginsenosides Re and Rd were predominant and reached the highest level, 2,7 mg/g d.w. and 1,2 mg/g d.w. respectively.

Neuroprotective effects of ginsenosides

80%

Rausch W.-D., Liu S., Gille G., Radad K.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

2006

vol. 66

issue 4

369-375

Ginseng, the root of the Panax species, is a well-known herbal medicine. Traditionally it has been used in Korea, China and Japan for thousands of years. Nowadays it has become a popular and worldwide known health drug. Current scientific studies demonstrate in vivo and in vitro its beneficial effects in a wide range of pathological conditions such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, immune deficiency and hepatotoxicity. Ginsenosides or ginseng saponins as the active ingredients have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and immunostimulant properties, which raised speculations that these compounds could positively affect neurodegenerative disorders and delay neuronal aging. Conclusive clinical data in humans are still missing. However, results from animal studies and neuronal cell culture experiments indicate that ginsenosides can counteract and attenuate factors promoting neuronal death as environmental toxins, excitotoxic action of glutamate and rises in intracellular calcium, excessive release of free radicals and apoptotic events. Thus, neuroprotective actions of ginsenosides could come about as a valuable option to slow down neurodegenerative diseases.

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1 Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

1 Biotechnologia

1 2006

1 2004

1 Chmiel A.

1 Gadomska G.

1 Gille G.

1 Kochan E.

1 Liu S.

1 Radad K.

1 Rausch W.-D.

1 Wysokinska H.

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Ginsenosides contents in Panax quinquefolium cultures

Neuroprotective effects of ginsenosides