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1

Polymorphism of the genus Isophya (Orthoptera, Phaneropteridae, Barbitistinae)

100%
Grzywacz B., Warchalowska-Sliwa E.
Folia Biologica
|
2008
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vol. 56
|
issue 3-4
153-157
EN
The randomamplified polymorphicDNA(RAPD-PCR)methodwas used to study the genetic polymorphism of 20 species of the genus Isophya. Each primer amplified a different set of DNA fragments, all oligonucleotides failed to generate any specific diagnostic band that could lead to the identification of Isophya species, and none of the amplified fragments were present in all species. RAPD markers detected a high level of polymorphism in all species. The data were in most cases not congruent with morphological subdivision to the species group and cytotaxonomic studies. The genetic lin with relationships proposed by systematists.
2

Genetic variability of milk fatty acids

100%
Arnould V. M.-R., Soyeurt H.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2009
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vol. 50
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issue 1
29-39
EN
. The milk fatty acid (FA) profile is far from the optimal fat composition in regards to human health. The natural sources of variation, such as feeding or genetics, could be used to increase the concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids. The impact of feeding is well described. However, genetic effects on the milk FA composition begin to be extensively studied. This paper summarizes the available information about the genetic variability of FAs. The greatest breed differences in FA composition are observed between Holstein and Jersey milk. Milk fat of the latter breed contains higher concentrations of saturated FAs, especially short-chain FAs. The variation of the delta-9 desaturase activity estimated from specific FA ratios could explain partly these breed differences. The choice of a specific breed seems to be a possibility to improve the nutritional quality of milk fat. Generally, the proportions of FAs in milk are more heritable than the proportions of these same FAs in fat. Heritability estimates range from 0.00 to 0.54. The presence of some single nucleotide polymorphisms could explain partly the observed individual genetic variability. The polymorphisms detected on SCD1 and DGAT1 genes influence the milk FA composition. The SCD1 V allele increases the unsaturation of C16 and C18. The DGAT1 A allele is related to the unsaturation of C18. So, a combination of the molecular and quantitative approaches should be used to develop tools helping farmers in the selection of their animals to improve the nutritional quality of the produced milk fat.
3

Molecular identification of new varieties of Nierembergia linariaefolia (Graham), a native Argentinean ornamental plant

75%
Escandon A. S., Zelener N., Perez_ d. l. T. M., Soto S.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2007
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vol. 48
|
issue 2
115-123
EN
Six Nierembergia linariaefolia clones were selected for ornamental traits during a native germplasm development program. For fingerprinting diagnosis, 13 anchored inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers and 6 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primer-enzyme combinations were used. Both markers revealed high levels of polymorphism, enabling genetic discrimination of the accessions analyzed by using 443 informative ISSRs and 541 AFLP markers. Both molecular techniques are suitable for monitoring genetic diversity in Nierembergia linariaefolia and, under our experimental conditions, they showed correlation coefficients of 0.629 for similarity matrices and of 0.649 in the cophenetic matrices. These results suggest that ISSRs are a good choice for DNA analysis in N. linariaefolia when simple manipulation and a low budget are required.
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