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1

Homologous chromosomes characteristics by sequential banding procedures in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

100%
Ocalewicz K., Jakun M., Luczynski M.
Folia Biologica
|
2002
|
vol. 51
|
issue 1-2
41-46
EN
The development of high resolution methods of chromosome banding helped the finding of homologous chromosomes, detecting chromosomal abnormalities, and assigning the gene loci to particular chromosomes in mammals. Unfortunately, small and numerous fish chromosomes do not show GC rich and GC poor compartments, this preventing the establishment of G banding pattern. The combination of techniques enabling the identification of constitutive heterochromatin (C-banding), heterochromatin resistant to restriction endonucleas, NOR bearing chromosomes (AgNO3 banding), or AT rich regions on chromosomes (DAPI banding) in sequential staining provides a better characteristic of fish chromosomes. In this work sequentially DAPI, Dde I, AgNO3 stained chromosomes of rainbow trout resulted in the characteristic banding pattern of some homologous chromosomes. Procedure of FISH with telomere probe and DAPI as a counterstaining fluorochrome visualized simultaneous hybridization signals and DAPI banding. Possibility of detection both FISH and DAPI signals can help in procedures of gene mapping on chromosomes.
2

The utilization of molecular biology methods in farm animals breeding and selection

100%
Slota E., Rejduch B., Radko A.
Biotechnologia
|
2003
|
issue 1
84-92
EN
On the basis of the literature, the new molecular methods useful in animal breeding and selection are described. DNA restriction fragment lenght polymorphism analysis is a tool in the diagnosis of some genetic diseases (RYR1 in pigs, BLAD and DUMPS in cattle). Microsatellite DNA polymorphism is useful in parentage control, genetic characteristic of populations, as well as in gene mapping and marker assisted selection. Cytogenetic analyses are recently supported by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and primed in situ labelling (PRINS) which make the chromosome aberration diagnosis more precise. One of the expanded method is bio-chip construction for genome analyses.
3

Application of microsatellities in genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci in farm animals

100%
Korwin-Kossakowska A.
Biotechnologia
|
1996
|
issue 2
178-183
EN
Microsatellites are tandem repeats of a simple sequence that occur abundantly and at random throughout most eukaryotic genomes.Mammalian microsatellite loci have been shown to be highly polymorphic due to variation in the number of repeat units.They are very good markers for quantitative traits loci (QTLs) mapping studies.Swedish Group from Agricultural University in Uppsala found evidence for QTLs on chromosome 4 with large effects on growth , fat deposition and length of the small intestine based on the analysis of genetic linkage between quantitative level and 105 genetic markers (68 microsatellities loci and 37 others markers).The localization of the gene affecting the ovulation rate and litter size on chromosome 6 in sheep has been documented on the basis of identification of genetic linkage between Booroola fecundity (FecB) gene and two microsatellite loci (OarHH55 and OarAE101) by a New Zealand scientist.Out of all types of actually known genetic markers microsatellites are most useful for QTLs mapping.
4

Chromosome 7q11 controls sperm beat cross frequency (BCF) in mice

88%
Golas A., Grzmil P., Muller C., Styrna J.
Folia Biologica
|
2004
|
vol. 52
|
issue 3-4
211-217
EN
The aim of this study was to compare the inheritance of the chromosomal SSLP markers with the inheritance of sperm movement parameters in order to map genes responsible for these quantitative traits (QTs). Chromosome 7 and 14 SSLP markers were tested to obtain the strain distribution pattern (SDP) for recombinant inbred (RI) strains developed from two progenitors, KE and CBA/Kw, which differ significantly in gamete quality. Sperm motility characteristics were determined using the computer assisted semen analysis (CASA) system. The Map manager software was used in order to assess linkage between the analyzed motility parameters and chromosome regions. The marker regression, interval mapping and permutation tests matched the QT loci of BCF with chromosome 7q11. The likelihood ratio statistic for this association was 18.1 with 79% of the total trait variance explained by QTL at this locus. These mapping results suggest that the BCF trait depends on the genetic factor(s) located in this region.
5

Relationship between microsatellite marker alleles on chromosomes 1-5 originating from the Rhode Island Red and Green-legged Partrigenous breeds and egg production and quality traits in F2 mapping population

88%
Wardecka B., Olszewski R., Jaszczak K., Zieba G., Pierzchala M., Wicinska K.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2002
|
vol. 43
|
issue 3
319-329
EN
The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the origin of marker alleles from the Rhode Island Red (RIR) and Green-legged Partrigenous (GlP) breeds and chosen egg production and quality traits in F2 generation consisting of 10 full-sib families. Polymorphism analysis of 23 microsatellite markers within the mapping population (519 F2) was made. In parental generation 17 alleles were identified as specific for the GlP and 23 for the RIR. The least squares method was used to evaluate the significance of effects of genotype (GlP/GlP, RIR/RIR, GlP/RIR) on the analysed quantitative traits. Thirty traits of egg production and quality were measured during the laying period. It was shown that the effects of the genotype (GlP/GlP, RIR/RIR, GlP/RIR) at the loci on analysed traits of F2 animals were diversified. Significant effects were found for 16 traits. These results confirm that the analysed microsatellite loci may be linked to the genes affecting egg production and quality traits. The loci examined and the experimental population constitutes a valuable material for QTL mapping (linkage analysis).
6

Nucleic acids in situ hybridization: from ISH to DIRVISH

88%
Maluszynska J.
Biotechnologia
|
1995
|
issue 2
92-101
EN
In situ hybridization (ISH) provides a highly sensitive method for the detection of specific nucleic acid sequances in cells, nuclei and metaphase chromosomes.This technique has been improved continuously since it was first established in 1969.Especially fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) rapidly replaced radioactive procedures and became a conventional tool in cytogenetic research.ISH plays an increasingly important role in a variety of reserch areas of medicine, genetics and plant breding.It has been succesfully applied for chromosome or chromosome fragments identification, chromosomal abormlities detection, gene mapping or specific DNA sequences localization.
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