Search results

1

A preliminary report on the susceptibility to aminoglycosides of Escherichia coli isolated from the community-acquired urinary tract infections in adults in south-east Poland

100%

Fidecka-Skwarzynska M., Juda M., Maziarczyk L., Malm A.

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences

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2015

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vol. 28

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issue 1

27-29

EN

World-wide, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are an important clinical problem. In such, the most frequently isolated uropathogen is Escherichia coli. In the treatment of uncomplicated UTIs, e.g. cystitis, the widely used antibiotics are nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, fosfomycin trometamol or ciprofloxacin, while the treatment of pyelonephritis requires the usage of antibiotics with a broader spectrum of activity, such as cephalosporins of the 3rd and 4th generation, aminoglycosides or even carbapenems. The aim of this study was to assess the susceptibility to aminoglycosides (such as amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin and tobramycin) of E. coli isolated from UTIs in adult community patients living in Lubelszczyzna. We found that all of the 86 strains of E. coli encountered were susceptible to amikacin. Moreover, the prevalence of susceptibility to tobramycin, gentamicin or netilmicin among the tested strains was found to be 89,5%, 90,7% or 94,2%, respectively. The data obtained in the present study shows the high susceptibility to aminoglycosides of E. coli isolated from the community-acquired UTIS in adults. These data, together with that derived from current literature, indicate that aminoglycosides, when employed in combination therapy with other antibiotics, may still be very useful group of antibacterial agents in the treatment of UTI’s in Poland.

2

Cross-resistance and associated resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from nosocomial urinary tract infections between 2004–2006 in a Turkish Hospital

100%

Ozyurt M., Oncul O., Ceylan S., Haznedaroglu T., Sahiner F., Ardic N.

Open Medicine

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2008

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vol. 3

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issue 4

446-452

EN

In this study, antimicrobial resistance profiles were determined for 748 isolates of Escherichia coli from patients with acute nosocomial urinary tract infections (UTIs) at a Turkish Training Hospital. Thirteen antibiotics were included. Resistance to ampicillin alone (45.1%) and ciprofloxacin alone (20.6%) were the most commonly identified ‘single resistances’. Multiple resistance was found in 49.7% of the strains. The most common multiple antibiotic resistance profiles included ampicillin-sulbactam/amoxycilline-clavulonate (4.0%) and ampicillin-sulbactam/trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole/amoxycilline-clavulonate (2.8%). From 2004 to 2006, ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin resistant strains increased to 76% from 57%, 53% from 43% and 55% from 41%, respectively. The percentage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains was 7.8% and imipenem resistance was seen in 5.2% of ESBL positive strains. We conclude that clinically important E.coli strains have now emerged with broader multidrug resistance. Periodical evaluation of laboratory results and clinical surveillance are crucially important for optimal antibiotic management of UTIs and infection control policies.

3

Occurrence of multidrug resistant and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) - producing Escherichia coli in wastewater of two healthcare facilities in Ibadan, Nigeria

100%

Adekanmbi A. O., Adeyemi A. O., Olajide O. M.

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vol. 26

167-175

EN

Most industries in developing countries of the world, especially hospitals and other clinical settings, lack wastewater treatment facilities, and as such, untreated wastewater from their operations are discharged into water bodies without any form of treatment. This study aimed at the antibiotic sensitivity profile and ESBL production in E. coli isolated from untreated hospital wastewater before discharge into the environment. Untreated wastewater from two hospitals, a State Government-owned hospital (SGH) and a privately-owned hospital (POH) with no wastewater treatment facilities were sampled for a period of four months. Isolation of E. coli was carried out using the pour plate technique on Eosin Methylene Blue agar, while identification was carried out using conventional methods. Determination of ESBL production was done by means of the Double Disc Synergy Technique and antibiotic sensitivity testing was carried out by employing the disc diffusion method. A total of fifty-eight (58) E. coli were obtained: SGH at 55 and POH at 3. Herein, in 100% of the total count, resistance was indicated for ampicillin and ertapenem, while 14%, 11%, 16% and 57% of the total count were resistant to ceftazidime, cefpodoxime, cefotaxime and amoxicillin-clavulanate, respectively. In addition, 94.8% showed resistance to tetracycline, 19% to ciprofloxacin, 6.9% to gentamycin, 39.7% to chloramphenicol and 55% and 47% to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and nalidixic acid, respectively. Furthermore, 94.8% of all the isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR), while 29.3% were ESBL positive. Wastewater from the two hospitals under study contained ESBL positive and MDR E. coli, suggesting a need to forestall a potential threat to public health by treating the wastewater generated by both hospitals before discharge into the environment.

4

Properties of recombinant trehalose synthase from Deinococcus radiodurans expressed in Escherichia coli

88%

Filipkowski P., Pietrow O., Panek A., Synowiecki J.

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2012

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vol. 59

|

issue 3

425-431

EN

A trehalose synthase gene from Deinococcus radiodurans (DSMZ 20539) containing 1659 bp reading frame encoding 552 amino acids was amplified using PCR. The gene was finally ligated into pET30Ek/LIC vector and expressed after isopropyl β-d-thiogalactopyranoside induction in Escherichia coli (DE3) Rosetta pLysS. The recombinant trehalose synthase (DraTreS) containing a His6-tag at the C-terminus was purified by metal affinity chromatography and characterized. The expressed enzyme is a homodimer with molecular mass of 126.9 kDa and exhibits the highest activity of 11.35 U/mg at pH 7.6 and at 30°C. DraTreS activity was almost unchanged after 2 h preincubation at 45°C and pH 7.6, and retained about 56% of maximal value after 8 h incubation at 50°C. The DraTreS was strongly inhibited by Cu2+, Hg2+, Zn2+, Al3+ and 10 mM Tris. The Km value of maltose conversion was 290.7 mM.

5

Cloning, purification and enzymatic characterization of recombinant human superoxide dismutase 1 (hSOD1) expressed in Escherichia coli

88%

Lin F., Yan D., Chen Y., E F., Shi H., Han B., Zhou Y.

|

EN

Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the disproportionation of superoxide into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. In this study, the human SOD1 (hSOD1) gene was cloned, expressed and purified. The hSOD1 gene was amplified from a pool of Bxpc3 cell cDNAs by PCR and cloned into expression vector pET-28a (+). The recombinant soluble hSOD1 was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) at 37°C and purified using nickel column affinity chromatography. Soluble hSOD1 was produced with a yield of 5.9 μg/mL medium. As metal ions can have a certain influence on protein structure and activity, we researched the influences of different concentrations of Cu2+ and Zn2+ on hSOD1 activity at induction and the time of activity detection. The results implied that Cu2+ and Zn2+ do not enhance SOD1 expression and solubility; they can, however, improve the catalytic activity at induction. Meanwhile, Cu2+ and Zn2+ also enhanced the enzyme activity at the time of detection. Furthermore, most other bivalent cations had the potential to replace Zn2+ and Cu2+, and also improved enzyme activity at the time of detection.

6

Thermostable Pyrococcus woesei β-D-galactosidase - high level expression, purification and biochemical properties

88%

Wanarska M., Kur J., Pladzyk R., Turkiewicz M.

|

2005

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vol. 52

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issue 4

781-787

EN

The gene encoding β-D-galactosidase from Pyrococcus woesei was PCR amplified, cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli under the control of an inducible T7 promoter, purified and characterized. The expression system was developed by the construction of recombinant plasmid, based on the high copy number pUET1 vector, giving four times more efficient expression of P. woesei β-D-galactosidase (20 mg of enzyme from 1 liter of culture) than that obtained from a previously constructed one. The recombinant enzymes were purified in a two-step procedure: double heat-denaturation of E. coli cell proteins and affinity chromatography on p-aminobenzyl 1-thio-β-D-galactopyranoside-agarose. To achieve efficient purification of P. woesei β-D-galactosidase by immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography (IMAC), a His-tag was placed either at the N- or the C-terminal of the coding sequence. The obtained fusion proteins revealed the same specific activity of approximately 5400 U/mg, which was 10 times lower than the wild-type β-D-galactosidase (51100 U/mg). The activity of P. woesei β-D-galactosidase was enhanced by thiol compounds, Mg2+ ions and D-galactose, and was inhibited by heavy metal ions and D-glucose, while Ca2+ ions had no effect.

7

Bacterial DNA repair genes and their eukaryotic homologues: 5. The role of recombination in DNA repair and genome stability

88%

Nowosielska A.

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2007

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vol. 54

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issue 3

483-494

EN

Recombinational repair is a well conserved DNA repair mechanism present in all living organisms. Repair by homologous recombination is generally accurate as it uses undamaged homologous DNA molecule as a repair template. In Escherichia coli homologous recombination repairs both the double-strand breaks and single-strand gaps in DNA. DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) can be induced upon exposure to exogenous sources such as ionizing radiation or endogenous DNA-damaging agents including reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as during natural biological processes like conjugation. However, the bulk of double strand breaks are formed during replication fork collapse encountering an unrepaired single strand gap in DNA. Under such circumstances DNA replication on the damaged template can be resumed only if supported by homologous recombination. This functional cooperation of homologous recombination with replication machinery enables successful completion of genome duplication and faithful transmission of genetic material to a daughter cell. In eukaryotes, homologous recombination is also involved in essential biological processes such as preservation of genome integrity, DNA damage checkpoint activation, DNA damage repair, DNA replication, mating type switching, transposition, immune system development and meiosis. When unregulated, recombination can lead to genome instability and carcinogenesis.

8

Development and application of isothermal amplification methods for rapid detection of F4 fimbriae producing Escherichia coli

75%

Zhao L. Y., Niu J. H., Gao X. L., Liu C. N., Liu S. M., Jiang N., Lv X. P., Zheng S. M., Zhao L. Y., Niu J. H., Gao X. L., Liu C. N., Liu S. M., Jiang N., Lv X. P., Zheng S. M.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2020

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vol. 23

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issue 1

9

1,3-propanediol production by Escherichia coli expressing genes of dha operon from Clostridium butyricum 2CR371.5

75%

Dąbrowski S., Pietrewicz-Kubicz D., Zabłotna E., Długołęcka A.

|

2012

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vol. 59

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issue 3

357-361

EN

1,3-propanediol is used as a monomer in the production of some polymers e.g. polytrimethylene terephthalate used in the production of carpets and textile fibers and in the thermoplastics engineering. However, the traditional chemical synthesis is expensive, generates some toxic intermediates and requires a reduction step under high hydrogen pressure. Biological production of 1,3-propanediol could be an attractive alternative to the traditional chemical methods. Moreover, crude glycerol which is a by-product of biodiesel production, can be used. We constructed a recombinant Escherichia coli strain producing 1,3-propanediol from glycerol by introducing genes of the dha operon from Clostridium butyricum 2CR371.5, a strain from our collection of environmental samples and strains. The E. coli strain produced 3.7 g of 1,3-propanediol per one litre of culture with the yield of 0.3 g per 1 g of glycerol consumed.

10

Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins (SSBs) - sources and applications in molecular biology.

75%

Kur J., Olszewski M., Filipkowski P.

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2005

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vol. 52

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issue 3

569-574

EN

Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins (SSBs) play essential roles in DNA replication, recombination, and repair in bacteria, archaea and eukarya. The SSBs share a common core ssDNA-binding domain with a conserved OB (oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding) fold. This ssDNA-binding domain was presumably present in the common ancestor to all three major branches of life. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in SSBs because they are useful for molecular biology methods and for analytical purposes. In this review, we concentrate on recent advances in the discovery of new sources of SSBs as well as certain aspects of their applications in analytical sciences.

11

Antibacterial spectrum of four compounds from yeasts in koumiss

75%

Chen Y. J., Du C. G., Guo Y. Q., Zhao Y. F., Aorigele C., Wang C. J., Simujide H., Aqima W., Zhang X. Y., Chen Y. J., Du C. G., Guo Y. Q., Zhao Y. F., Aorigele C., Wang C. J., Simujide H., Aqima W., Zhang X. Y.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2021

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vol. 24

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issue 2

12

1,3-Propanediol production by Escherichia coli using genes from Citrobacter freundii atcc 8090

75%

Przystałowska H., Zeyland J., Kośmider A., Szalata M., Słomski R., Lipiński D.

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2015

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vol. 62

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issue 3

589-597

EN

Compared with chemical synthesis, fermentation has the advantage of mass production at low cost, and has been used in the production of various industrial chemicals. As a valuable organic compound, 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) has numerous applications in the production of polymers, lubricants, cosmetics and medicines. Here, conversion of glycerol (a renewable substrate and waste from biodiesel production) to 1,3-PDO by E. coli bacterial strain carrying altered glycerol metabolic pathway was investigated. Two gene constructs containing the 1,3-PDO operon from Citrobacter freundii (pCF1 and pCF2) were used to transform the bacteria. The pCF1 gene expression construct contained dhaBCE genes encoding the three subunits of glycerol dehydratase, dhaF encoding the large subunit of the glycerol dehydratase reactivation factor and dhaG encoding the small subunit of the glycerol dehydratase reactivating factor. The pCF2 gene expression construct contained the dhaT gene encoding the 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase. Expression of the genes cloned in the above constructs was under regulation of the T7lac promoter. RT-PCR, SDS-PAGE analyses and functional tests confirmed that 1,3-PDO synthesis pathway genes were expressed at the RNA and protein levels, and worked flawlessly in the heterologous host. In a batch flask culture, in a short time applied just to identify the 1,3-PDO in a preliminary study, the recombinant E. coli bacteria produced 1.53 g/L of 1,3-PDO, using 21.2 g/L of glycerol in 72 h. In the Sartorius Biostat B Plus reactor, they produced 11.7 g/L of 1,3-PDO using 24.2 g/L of glycerol, attaining an efficiency of 0.58 [mol1,3-PDO/molglycerol].

13

Reversion of argE3 ochre strain Escherichia coli AB1157 as a tool for studying the stationary-phase (adaptive) mutations.

75%

Nowosielska A., Grzesiuk E.

|

2000

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vol. 47

|

issue 2

459-467

EN

Adaptive (starvation-associated) mutations occur in non-dividing cells and allow growth under the selective conditions imposed. We developed a new method for the determination of adaptive mutations in Escherichia coli. The system involves reversion to prototrophy of the argE3OC mutation and was tested on AB1157 strains mutated in the mutT and/or mutY genes. The bacteria that mutated adaptively grow into colonies on minimal medium plates devoid of arginine (starvation conditions) when incubated longer than 4 days. Using the replica plating method we solved the problem of discrimination between growth-dependent and adaptive argE3→Arg+ revertants. Phenotype analysis and susceptibility of the Arg+ revertants to a set of T4 phage mutants create an additional possibility to draw a distinction between these two types of Arg+ revertants.

14

Biotechnological conversion of glycerol from biofuels to 1,3-propanediol using Escherichia coli

75%

Przystałowska H., Lipiński D., Słomski R.

|

2015

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vol. 62

|

issue 1

23-34

EN

In the face of shortage of fossil fuel supplies and climate warming triggered by excessive carbon dioxide emission, alternative resources for chemical industry have gained considerable attention. Renewable resources and their derivatives are of particular interest. Glycerol, which constitutes one of the by-products during biodiesel production, is such a substrate. Thus, generated excess glycerol may become an environmental problem, since it cannot be disposed of in the environment. The most promising products obtained from glycerol are polyols, including 1,3-propanediol, an important substrate in the production of synthetic materials, e.g. polyurethanes, unsaturated polyesters, and epoxy resins. Glycerol can be used as a carbon and energy source for microbial growth in industrial microbiology to produce 1,3-propanediol. This paper is a review of metabolic pathways of native producers and E. coli with the acquired ability to produce the diol via genetic manipulations. Culture conditions during 1,3-PDO production and genetic modifications of E. coli used in order to increase efficiency of glycerol bioconversion are also described in this paper.

15

Prevalence of pathogenicity island ETT2 in Escherichia coli isolated from piglets with diarrhea in northeast of China

75%

Yuan C. W., Liu W. X., Hou J. L., Zhang L. G., Wang G. Q.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2018

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vol. 21

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issue 1

16

Effects of the polyhistidine tag on kinetics and other properties of trehalose synthase from Deinococcus geothermalis

75%

Panek A., Pietrow O., Filipkowski P., Synowiecki J.

|

2013

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vol. 60

|

issue 2

163-166

EN

Two recombinant trehalose synthases from Deinococcus geothermalis (DSMZ 11300) were compared. A significant influence of the artificial polyhistidine tag was observed in protein constitution. The recombinant trehalose synthase from D. geothermalis with His6-tag has a higher Km value of 254 mM, in comparison with the wild-type trehalose synthase (Km 170 mM), and displayed a lower activity of maltose conversion when compared to the wild type. Moreover, differences in properties like temperature, pH, thermal- and pH-stability were observed. Presence of the histidine tag caused a decrease of thermal resistance in case of trehalose synthase with His6-tag. These data confirmed a suggestion that the introduction of the histidine domain produces in some seldom cases undesirable changes in the protein.

17

Inclusion compounds of cystostatic active (C5H5)2VCl2 and (CH3C5H4)2VCl2 with α-, β- and γ-cyclodextrines: Synthesis, EPR study and microbiological behavior toward Escherichia coli

75%

Vinklárek J., Honzíček J., Holubová J.

Open Chemistry

|

2005

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vol. 3

|

issue 1

72-81

EN

The inclusion of vanadocene dichloride (VDC) and 1,1′-dimethyl vanadocene dichloride (MeVDC) into cyclodextrines (α-CD, β-CD and γ-CD) was studied by EPR spectroscopy. It was found that VDC and MeVDC with β-CD and γ-CD form true inclusion compounds, but with α-CD, VDC and MeVDC gave only fine dispersion mixtures. The inclusion was validated by anisotropic EPR spectra of solid samples. In addition, the antimicrobial was validated by anisotropic EPR spectra of solid samples. In addition, the antimicrobial behavior (against E. coli) of each of the complexes was determined. It was established that not only did VDC and MeVDC cause elongation of E. coli, but also the new vanadocene inclusion complexes were effective in this regard.

18

Kinetics of inactivation of glutamate decarboxylase by cysteine-specific reagents.

63%

McCormick S. J., Tunnicliff G.

|

2001

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vol. 48

|

issue 2

573-578

EN

Mercuric chloride, p-chloromercuribenzoate and 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) irreversibly inhibited the activity of Escherichia coli glutamate decarboxylase. Their second order rate constants for inactivation are 0.463 μM-1min-1, 0.034 μM-1min-1, 0.018 μM-1min-1, respectively. The characteristics of the inhibition by the three thiol-group reagents supports the idea that cysteinyl residues at the binding sites for the cofactor and/or the substrate are important for enzyme activity in E. coli.

19

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producing enteric bacteria from hospital wastewater, Ibadan, Nigeria

63%

Falodun O. I., Oladimeji O. S.

World News of Natural Sciences

|

2019

|

vol. 22

62-74

EN

This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of antibiotic resistance, including β-lactamase and extended spectrum β-lactamase production among enteric bacteria isolated from hospital wastewater from selected hospital within Ibadan. Physico-chemical analysis of hospital wastewater samples was done, enteric bacteria were isolated and identified using convectional biochemical tests while the selection of potential ESBL-producing bacteria was carried out using disc diffusion method and ESBL detection using double synergy test. The turbidity of the wastewater samples ranged between 4.45-6.5 NTU and total suspended solids ranged between 3.4- 45.5 mg/L. While electrical conductivity was between114.25-214 µs/m, the biological oxygen demand was between 25.8-31.25 mg/L and chemical oxygen demand ranged between 41.25-45.38 mg/L. Of the 200 bacteria isolated 35(17.5%) produced ESBL; 14(40%) from the tertiary hospital and 21(60%) from private hospital out of which 85.7%, 80% and 65.7% showed resistance to sulphamethxazole/Trimetoprim, streptomycin and tetracycline respectively, while resistance to meropenem (8.6%) was low. Among the ESBL-producing isolates, K. pneumonia had the highest (15(42.8%) rate of occurrence. This study revealed a need for hospital wastewater to be properly treated before discharged into water bodies and the environment to forestall the indiscriminate discharge of wastewater harbouring ESBL-producing bacteria.

20

Biological warfare agents

51%

Japark S. K.

World News of Natural Sciences

|

2016

|

vol. 4

1-19

EN

Various types of biological weapons have been known and practiced throughout history, including the use of biological agents such as microbes and plants, as well as biotoxins and the venoms that can be derived from them. In ancient civilisations, the attempt was to infect and kill enemies by throwing cadavers into water wells. Emperor Barbarossa during the battle of the Italian town, Tortona, in 1155, did the same. In modern times, America and the Soviet Union also undertook biological warfare and anti-biological warfare protection activities. This even intensified after WWII. When the Soviet forces captured and interrogated some Japanese scientists in 1945, they utilized the obtained information in their own biowarfare program and their research accelerated in 1946. Following this, a series of new biowarfare study centres and production facilities was constructed in the 1950s. The Soviet biowarfare program included tularemia, anthrax, brucellosis, plague, glanders, marburg virus, smallpox virus, and VEE virus. During the time of the Korean War, it was believed that biowarfare agents were used by America against Soviet Union. The Americans had began their own program in Fort Detrick (former Camp Detrick) in 1943 and a new production facility at Pine Bluff Arsenal in Arkansas was constructed. The United States of America started producing tons of Brucella suis in 1954. In the peak year of their program, they involved about 3,400 people and a number of agents: Bacillus anthracis, Francisella tularensis, Brucella suis, Coxiella burnetti, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, yellow fever, botulin, Staphylococcal enterotoxin, and the anti-crop agents Pyricularia oryzae and Puccinia graminis. Due to public pressure, President Nixon declared a unilateral halt in 1969 to biological weapon projects. The only permitted research was defensive, such as diagnostic, vaccines, and chemotherapies tests – as evidenced in the UK where the base in Porton Down was converted into a defence institution.

Refine search results

A preliminary report on the susceptibility to aminoglycosides of Escherichia coli isolated from the community-acquired urinary tract infections in adults in south-east Poland

Cross-resistance and associated resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from nosocomial urinary tract infections between 2004–2006 in a Turkish Hospital

Occurrence of multidrug resistant and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) - producing Escherichia coli in wastewater of two healthcare facilities in Ibadan, Nigeria

Properties of recombinant trehalose synthase from Deinococcus radiodurans expressed in Escherichia coli

Cloning, purification and enzymatic characterization of recombinant human superoxide dismutase 1 (hSOD1) expressed in Escherichia coli

Thermostable Pyrococcus woesei β-D-galactosidase - high level expression, purification and biochemical properties

Bacterial DNA repair genes and their eukaryotic homologues: 5. The role of recombination in DNA repair and genome stability

Development and application of isothermal amplification methods for rapid detection of F4 fimbriae producing Escherichia coli

1,3-propanediol production by Escherichia coli expressing genes of dha operon from Clostridium butyricum 2CR371.5

Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins (SSBs) - sources and applications in molecular biology.

Antibacterial spectrum of four compounds from yeasts in koumiss

1,3-Propanediol production by Escherichia coli using genes from Citrobacter freundii atcc 8090

Reversion of argE3 ochre strain Escherichia coli AB1157 as a tool for studying the stationary-phase (adaptive) mutations.

Biotechnological conversion of glycerol from biofuels to 1,3-propanediol using Escherichia coli

Prevalence of pathogenicity island ETT2 in Escherichia coli isolated from piglets with diarrhea in northeast of China

Effects of the polyhistidine tag on kinetics and other properties of trehalose synthase from Deinococcus geothermalis

Inclusion compounds of cystostatic active (C5H5)2VCl2 and (CH3C5H4)2VCl2 with α-, β- and γ-cyclodextrines: Synthesis, EPR study and microbiological behavior toward Escherichia coli

Kinetics of inactivation of glutamate decarboxylase by cysteine-specific reagents.

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producing enteric bacteria from hospital wastewater, Ibadan, Nigeria

Biological warfare agents