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Naloxone impairs spatial performance in rats

100%
Lukaszewska I.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1997
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vol. 57
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issue 1
71-74
EN
Naloxone injected (1.0 mg/kg) and saline injected control rats were subjected to a two trial test of object localization memory. In trial I rats were allowed to explore for 5 min an enclosed T maze with an object (plastic bottle) placed in one maze arm. Then, the object was removed and after a 20 min retention interval rats were faced with two empty arms of the same maze (trial II). Control rats showed good retention of the place occupied by the object, displaying a significant preference (74%, ) for the arm which previously contained the object. Naloxone treated rats responded at chance levels (53%). An accurate performance in this task is normally based on information provided by spatial cues outside the maze (cognitive map), so that a random performance of Naloxone treated rats could supposedly be related to some disorders in the internal representation of the environment.
2
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Scopolamine imparis object exploration but not habituation in rats

100%
Lukaszewska I.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
1993
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vol. 53
|
issue 1
243-250
EN
Memory of a novel object was examined in saline (Sal) and scopolamine (Scopo) treated rats (1.0 mg/kg). Scopo rats showed lower overall exploration time than Sal rats, resulting mainly from shorter durations per contanct. In a second exposure to the same object, after 1 min or 20 min interval, both groups displayed marked decrase of exploration indicating between-session habituation. The shorter time spent by Scopo rats on investigation of an object during a single approach might be interpreted as a deficit in maintenance of attention for Nevertheless, Scopo rats were able to acquire sufficient information for the retention during 20 min interval, as indicated by habituation, which is an elementary index of memory.
3
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Spontaneous behavior of the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica) in the elevated plus-maze: comparison with Long-Evans rats

86%
Wesierska M., Turlejski T. K., Turlejski K.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2000
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vol. 60
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issue 4
479-487
EN
. We observed the spontaneous behavior of a laboratory marsupial - the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica) - in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) during six consecutive sessions and compared it with the behavior of Long-Evans rats. During the first exposure to the maze both species spent most of the time in the enclosed arms but opossums showed much higher frequency of entries into the open arms and stayed there longer. On the third and subsequent days opossums reduced their entries into the open arms and spent more time on the central square, where unlike rats they frequently groomed their lower belly and hind legs. During the last sessions they started spending more time in the enclosed arms. It is concluded that probably opossums, like rats show a stable anxiety evoked by open space. However, in the rat anxiety prevails over motivation to explore a new environment, while in the opossum it is initially at equilibrium with curiosity which habituates slower than in the rat. Results are discussed in the context of different ecology of the gray opossum that actively searches and hunts quickly moving insects. Thigmotaxic behavior, while strong in both species, dominates spontaneous behavior of the rat, but not opossum.
4
Content available remote

Behavioural changes after ablation of subdivisions of the rat prefrontal cortex

72%
Mogensen J., Divac I.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
1993
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vol. 53
|
issue 3
439-449
EN
Sham operated controls and four groups of subjected to of various parts of their were compared in food and water intake and four behavioural tasks. The ablations were aimed at removing the ventral prefrontal cortex, the dorsal part of the medial prefrontal cortex, the total medial prefrontal cortex, and the anterior dorsolateral (non-prefrontal) cortex. Only two groups had a significantly impaired food and water intake: the ventral prefrontal and the non-prefrontal anterolateral. The Latter group was not adipsic. Two variants of spontaneous alternation were administered in a T-maze: a non-cued version in which both arms were grey and a sued version in which one arm was white and the other black. While all ablated groups behaved like the control group on the non-aued test, the number of perseverative responses of the total anteromedial group was significantly increased in the cued version of the test. Significant group differences could be seen neither in a test of conditioned taste aversion nor in extinction of operantly conditioned bar presses. Finally, in a vertical hole-board exploration test the only significant group difference was a prolongation of the mean visit duration of the ventrally lesioned animals in comparision with all other groups. The results of the present study further indicate functional differentiation within the prefrontal cortex of the rat.
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