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1

Characterization and application of embryonic stem cells ESC in animal biotechnology

100%
Lechniak D.
Biotechnologia
|
1993
|
issue 2
55-62
EN
The micromanipulations of embryos and gametes are important tasks in animal biotechnology. These techniques can be used in animal cloning and transgenesis. For achieving these goals, embryonic stem cells are of principial interest. In vitro cultures of ESC can be derived from whole embryos or isolated inner cell masses (ICM). The attraction of ESC to animal biotechnological research is their pluripotency. ESC are able to contribute to all tissues, including germ lines. To obtain transgenic animals, ESC can be genetically transformed prior to the introduction to embryos. Present status of knowledge of ESC and their possible usefulness for genetic improvement of farm animals are discussed.
2

Study on an embryo culture of black currant hybrids obtained as a result of distant hybridisation

100%
Golis A., Pluta S., Zurawicz E.
Biotechnologia
|
2001
|
issue 2
66-71
EN
The subjects of this study were embryos obtained from 22 crossing combinations in the course of distant hybridisation. No embryos were obtained from the following three interspecific hybridisations: Siewka K1 x Josta, Siewka K1 x Czereszniewa and Captivator x Josta. Seeds obtained from these combinations did not hold endosperm, but yielded watered liquid. In the remaining hybridisations, a high percentages of visible embryos increased considerably, especially at the torpedo-shaped stage. An addition of kinetin (1 mg/l) to the media had a better impact on plant regeneration from embryos than the addition of BA (0,5 mg/l). Dependending on the study, up to 83,7% of exposed embryos in the media started to grow and develop under the influence of kinetin.
3

Production and morphology of the hybrids Aegilops kotschyi ? Secale cereale and Ae. biuncialis ? S. cereale

88%
Wojciechowska B., Pudelska H.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2002
|
vol. 43
|
issue 3
279-285
EN
Hybrids between Aegilops kotschyi and Ae. biuncialis with Secale cereale were synthesized. Five Ae. kotschyi and four Ae. biuncialis accessions, as well as one inbred and four self-compatible forms of Secale cereale were used for crossing. The hybrids were produced directly from cultured embryos or through embryo callus culture. Sixty hybrids, 11 involving Ae. kotschyi and 49 Ae. biuncialis, had a stable somatic chromosome number 2n = 3x = 21. The plants showed good vegetative vigour and tillering capacity. Morphologically the hybrids were intermediate between their parents and completely sterile. In vitro propagation of Ae. kotschyi and Ae. biuncialis ? S. cereale hybrids revealed that their capacity for callus production and plantlet regeneration ? varies.
4

Wide hybridization in the Triticeae involving Hordeum, Triricum, Triticale and Hordeum x Secale

75%
Wojciechowska B., Pudelska H.
Genetica Polonica
|
1994
|
vol. 35
|
issue 4
221-230
EN
Intergeneric hybridization was carried out between various accessions of Hordeum jubatum (4x) and cultivars of Triticum aestivum (6x) and Triticale (6x) as well as T.monococcum (2x) and between cultivars of Triticum aestivum (6x) and the hybrid (Horodeum jubatum 4x X Secale cereale 4x) in both directions.The hybrid progeny was obtained via embryo culture from crosses of H.jubatum x T.aestivum and T.aestivum x(H.jubtum 4x X S.cereale 4x).The hybrid of H.jubatum x T.aestivum was produced at the frequency of 1.7% in relation to pollinated florets and five hybrids of T.aestivum x (H.jubatum 4x x S.cereale 4x) from successful combinations were produced at the frequency of 2.00-4.88%.The hybrids exibited varitionin somatic chromosome number.In meiocytes of two T.aestivum x (H.jubatum 4x X S.cereale 4x) plants a high chromosome instability was also found.The chromosomes were associated mostly as univalents, but some pairings (0.03-3.50 per cell) mainly as rod bivalents were observed.
5

Cryopreservation of porcine oocytes and embryos

75%
Gajda B., Smorag Z.
Biotechnologia
|
2003
|
issue 1
116-228
EN
This paper presents the current possibilities, state of knowledge and prospects for cryopreservation of pig oocytes and embryos. The main factors of cryopreservation efficiency, methods for the evaluation of cryopreserved embryos, and the possibilities of modifying their susceptibility to cryopreservation are discussed. In addition, the most significant results of pig embryo freezing and vitrification and the cryotechnical aspects of this method are presented.
6

Methods for obtaining in vitro oocytes and embryos in mammals - possibilities and limitatios

75%
Katska L.
Biotechnologia
|
1995
|
issue 3
33-43
EN
The autors discuss methods through which the reproductive potentialin cattle may be increased.Two procedures for mass production of embryos to be used in cattle breeding schemes are now available, namely superovulation and embryo transfer, nd more recently in vitro embryo production.Hormonal treatmentfor multiple ovulation, nonsurgical embryo collection and embryo transfer are widespread techniques to obtain more offspring from genetivally superor cattle (MOET program).However,the cost can br high and the yield of embryos is unpredictable.
7

Embryo-callus regenerated hybrids and amphidiploids of barley cultivars x rye inbred lines

75%
Wojciechowska B., Pudelska H.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
1995
|
vol. 36
|
issue 4
313-323
EN
In the presented hybridization programme of barley cultivars and rye inbred lines including 48 cross combinations the seed set ranged from 3.13 to 92.98%, while embryos were formed in 0.74 to 36.36% in successful pollinations.Sixty five plants were generated by embryo callus culture and one - by embryo culture without callus formation.The hybrids had somatic chromosome numbers 2n=14 (60 plants) and 2n=28 (6 plants).Plants obtained vie embryo callus culture showed good vegetative vigour and well-developed root system.Spike morphology of all plants resambled that of rye.Meiosis in 17 diploids showed 0.13-0.63 barley-barley and rye-rye bivalents with a chiasma frequency of 0.14-0.69 per cell. The hetromorphic bivalent-like configurations occured in five plants in 0.01-0.02 per cell.The amphidiploids had 7.79-10.71 barley-barley and rye-rye bivalents with the chiasm frequency of 9.36-17.75 per cell.All plants, with 14 and 28 chromosomes, were completly sterile both in backcrosses and when selfed.
8

Production and characterization of amphiploids of Aegilops kotschyi and Ae. biuncialis with Secale cereale, and of backcross hybrids of Ae. biuncialis ? S. cereale amphiploids with 2x and 4x S. cereale

75%
Wojciechowska B., Pudelska H.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2005
|
vol. 46
|
issue 2
157-161
EN
Amphiploids (2n = 6x = 42) of Ae. kotschyi and Ae. biuncialis with self-compatible S. cereale were produced from F1 sterile hybrids (2n = 3x = 21) through colchicine treatment and callus tissue regeneration. The amphiploids resembled the F1 plants in overall morphology, but were larger in all respects and self-fertile. The spikelets consisted mostly of 3 well-developed florets. Selfed seeds were obtained from some colchicine-doubled sectors and callus regenerates. Most of the produced seeds were well developed. Backcrosses between amphiploids and rye (2x and 4x) resulted in obtaining (Ae. biuncialis ? S. cereale amphiploid) ? S. cereale hybrids via embryo culture. The BC1 plants (2n = 4x = 28 and 2n = 5x = 35, respectively) were phenotypically intermediate between the parents and vigorous in vegetative growth. Some seeds were obtained only from the 35-chromosome BC1 hybrids.
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