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1

The utilization of molecular biology methods in farm animals breeding and selection

100%
Slota E., Rejduch B., Radko A.
Biotechnologia
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2003
|
issue 1
84-92
EN
On the basis of the literature, the new molecular methods useful in animal breeding and selection are described. DNA restriction fragment lenght polymorphism analysis is a tool in the diagnosis of some genetic diseases (RYR1 in pigs, BLAD and DUMPS in cattle). Microsatellite DNA polymorphism is useful in parentage control, genetic characteristic of populations, as well as in gene mapping and marker assisted selection. Cytogenetic analyses are recently supported by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and primed in situ labelling (PRINS) which make the chromosome aberration diagnosis more precise. One of the expanded method is bio-chip construction for genome analyses.
2

DNA polymorphism in locus D1S80 in Poland. DNA profiling and detection of new alleles by heteroduplex formation between alleles of the same size

100%
Kwiatkowska J., Dziechciowska K., Lisiecka D., Slomski R.
|
|
vol. 38
|
issue 3
335-341
EN
We have analysed allele distribution at the highly polymorphic variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) locus D1S80 (pMCT118) in the Polish population using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Characteristics of the D1S80 locus makes it a very useful marker for population genetic research, genetic linkage studies and forensic identification of individuals. During our routine application of the D1S80 marker to paternity testing in several cases of homozygosity detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, heteroduplex formation for alleles 18 and 24 was also observed. Direct sequencing of PCR products revealed that alleles 18 and 24 of locus D1S80 actually represent a mixture composed of different sequences. Our observations indicate that identification of some 18 and 24 VNTR alleles based only on size estimated in electrophoretic analyses could lead to errors in paternity testing and DNA profiling.
3

Silent point mutation polymorphism of the bovine CD18 encoding gene

100%
Czarnik U., Zabolewicz T., Galinski M., Pareek C. S., Walawski K.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2004
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vol. 45
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issue 1
73-76
EN
We report on a PCR-RFLP procedure for recognising of a silent point mutation of ITGB2 CD18 subunit gene in cattle. Polymorphism screening was performed in a Polish Black-and-White cattle population (n=210). The genotype and allele frequecies were established in the sires and cows. Further research is needed to explain the possible applications of the CD18 silent point mutation as a potential molecular marker for high milk productivity.
4

RAPD-PCR analysis of various goose populations

88%
Maciuszonek A., Grajewski B., Bednarczyk M.
Folia Biologica
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2005
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vol. 53
|
issue 1-2
83-85
EN
The aim of this study was to genetically analyse by the RAPD-PCR method four indigenous Polish goose breeds, Kartuska (Ka), Lubelska (Lu), Kielecka (Ki) and Podkarpacka (Pd), in order to determine the band-sharing frequency as well as bands characteristic of the evaluated breeds. The birds were maintained as conservative flocks, accounting for a reserve of genetic resources. A total of 102 scorable bands were obtained, their number ranging from 0 to 8, depending on one of seven primers used and the group of birds analyzed, within a mean of 3.64. For each genetic group specific bands with given primers were obtained, suggesting their potential for use as population-specific markers, especially in ex-situ conservation methods. The results also suggest that keeping endangered geese as separate flocks is relevant for their preservation.
5

Use of RAPD technique in evolution studies of four species in the family Canidae

88%
Stepniak E., Zagalska M. M., Switonski M.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2002
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vol. 43
|
issue 4
489-499
EN
The RAPD-PCR technique was applied to identify genetic markers able to distinguish between four canid species: the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), Chinese raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides procyonoides) and six breeds of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). A total of 29 ten-nucleotide arbitrary primers were screened for their potential use in the differentiation of these species. Ten primers amplified RAPD profiles that made it possible to distinguish between the investigated taxa. A number of species-specific bands was scored within RAPD profiles produced by these primers: 35.6% of all the polymorphic bands were unique to the Chinese raccoon dog, 29.6% were unique to the domestic dog, 21.2% were diagnostic for the red fox and 13.6% for the arctic fox. No breed-specific fragments were amplified from canine DNA; however, three primers produced bands characteristic for the dog, but not present in all of the investigated breeds. A Neighbor-Joining tree constructed on the basis of the analysis of RAPD profiles amplified by six primers revealed that the phylogenetic distance between the dog and the arctic fox is larger than the distance between the dog and the red fox. The phylogenetic branch of the Chinese raccoon dog was the most distinct on the dendrogram, suggesting that this species belongs to a different phylogenetic lineage. Obtained results make it possible to conclude that RAPD analysis can be a powerful tool for developing molecular markers useful in distinguishing between species of the family Canidae and for studying their phylogenetic relations.
6

Analysis of plum (Prunus domestica L.) DNA polymorphism using RAPD - PCR technique

88%
Lisek A., Korbin M., Zurawicz E., Rozpara E.
Biotechnologia
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2004
|
issue 2
76-72
EN
Precise identification of plum cultivars is desired in breeding programme of the species as well as in orchard practise. The aim of the presented studies was the determination of 19 plum cultivars Prunus domestica L. diversity. RAPD-PCR technique with 77 primers (Operon Technologies) from kits OPB, OPG, OPT and OPU was used for the analysis. Fifty-five polymorphic fragments DNA (600-2700 bp) were obtained in reactions with 33 primers. The highest number of polymorphic fragments (3-5) was observed in reactions with primers OPB 07, OPB 18, OPG 09, OPG 10 and OPT 14. The reactions with OPB 07, OPB 18 and OPG 09 allowed to diversify 15 cultivars, except 'Wegierka Zwykla' and clones 'Promis', 'Tolar', 'Nectavit'.
7

Comparative sequencing of genomes: generating of INDEL and SNP genetic markers

75%
Ziolkowski P. A., Babula-Skowronska D., Kaczmarek M., Ciesla A., Sadowski J.
Biotechnologia
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2010
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issue 4
53-68
EN
Comparison of genome sequences has become an important approach to identify and understand biological significance of the variations and fluxes that occur through a genome. The main subject of the work concentrates on identification of indels and SNPs in large genomes and their potential application in biotechnology. Importantly, fine elaboration of genome structure and sequence polymorphism that results from resequencing promises to benefit breeding, biotechnology and medical research. The article also describes how the data extracted from comparative studies of genomes depends on phylogenetic distances of the species involved.
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